Utility of Tumor Mutational Burden as a Biomarker for Response to Immune Checkpoint Inhibition in the VA Population.

Purpose: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are used for an increasing number of indications across various tumor types, as well as several tumor-agnostic indications in patients with advanced cancer. Although many patients benefit from ICI therapy, others do not, highlighting a need for better predictive biomarkers. Tumor mutational burden (TMB) reflects the global number of mutations within a tumor and has been widely explored as a predictive biomarker of ICI response.

Differential Transcriptome Responses in Human THP-1 Macrophages Following Exposure to T98G and LN-18 Human Glioblastoma Secretions: A Simplified Bioinformatics Approach to Understanding Patient-Glioma-Specific Effects on Tumor-Associated Macrophages.

A common theme in glioma disease progression is robust infiltration of immune cells within the tumor microenvironment, resulting in a state of chronic inflammation. This disease state is characterized by an abundance of CD68 microglia and CD163 bone marrow-derived macrophages with the greater the percentage of CD163 cells, the poorer the prognosis. These macrophages are "cold," in that their phenotype is of an alternatively activated state (M0-M2-like) supporting tumor growth rather than being engaged with classically activated, pro-inflammatory, and anti-tumor activities, referred to as "hot", or M1-like.

Modulation of glioma-inflammation crosstalk profiles in human glioblastoma cells by indirubin-3'-(2,3 dihydroxypropyl)-oximether (E804) and 7-bromoindirubin-3'-oxime (7BIO).

Indirubins E804 (indirubin-3'-(2,3 dihydroxypropyl)-oximether) and 7BIO (7-Bromoindirubin-3'-oxime) are synthetic derivatives of natural indirubin, the active compound in Danggui Longhui Wan, a traditional Chinese remedy for cancer and inflammation. Herein, we explore E804 and 7BIO for their potential to modulate key pro-inflammatory genes and cytokines in LN-18 and T98G glioblastoma cells. High grade gliomas typically secrete large amounts of inflammatory cytokines and growth factors that promote tumor growth in an autocrine fashion.