Health-related inequalities in out-of-pocket expenditure under universal health coverage in Taiwan: A cross-sectional decomposition analysis.

Objectives: Studies have investigated income-related inequality in out-of-pocket expenditure (OOPE) on health care but less is known about health-related inequality of OOPE distribution. This study analysed the relationship between health-related inequality and OOPE and the factors contributing to OOPE inequality in Taiwan.

Methods: We developed a household OOPE questionnaire and conducted a nationally representative cross-sectional survey of households in Taiwan between January and August 2022, using two-stage probability proportional-to-size sampling based on a national address registry in Taiwan.

Medication adherence in patients with type 2 diabetes after disability onset: a difference-in-differences analysis using nationwide data.

Background: Effectively managing the coexistence of both diabetes and disability necessitates substantial effort. Whether disability onset affects adherence to type 2 diabetes medication remains unclear. This study investigated whether disability onset reduces such adherence and whether any reduction varies by disability type.

Income-related inequality in out-of-pocket health-care expenditures under Taiwan's national health insurance system: An international comparable estimation based on A System of Health Accounts.

National estimates of out-of-pocket health-care expenditures (OOP-HCEs) that use comparable international guidelines based on A Systems of Health Accounts (SHA) are generally unavailable in Taiwan. International comparable OOP are essential for designing universal health-coverage (UHC) policy. We designed an SHA-based household OOP questionnaire.

Trajectories of Instrumental and Emotional Social Support and the Associated Risk of Mortality in Bereaved Older Adults in Taiwan.

This study identified the trajectories of instrumental and emotional perceived social support (PSS) from 1996 to 2003 and investigated the associated risk of mortality in bereaved older adults in Taiwan. The study analyzed 1,188 bereaved older adults who had experienced loss of a spouse, a child, or both before 1996 from the Taiwan Longitudinal Study on Aging. More favorable trajectories of PSS are associated with lower mortality risk in bereaved older adults.

Social Determinants of Diabetes-Related Preventable Hospitalization in Taiwan: A Spatial Analysis.

Diabetes-Related Preventable Hospitalization (DRPH) has been identified as an important indicator of efficiency and quality of the health system and can be modified by social determinants. However, the spatial disparities, clustering, and relationships between DRPH and social determinants have rarely been investigated. Accordingly, this study examined the association of DRPH with area deprivation, densities of certificated diabetes health-promoting clinics (DHPC) and hospitals (DHPH), and the presence of elderly social services (ESS) using both statistical and spatial analyses.

Effects of childhood adversity trajectories on mental health outcomes in late adolescence: The buffering role of parenting practices in Taiwan.

Background: Childhood adversities (CAs) have been linked with unfavorable development; however, the chronic trajectories of multiple CAs and possible heterogeneous effects are understudied.

Objectives: This study examined the trajectories of multiple CAs and their associations with mental health outcomes in adolescence and investigated the buffering effect of parenting practices.

Participants And Setting: We used population-representative data from the Taiwan Education Panel Survey (2005 and 2007, n = 10,416).

Effects of National Health Insurance on household out-of-pocket expenditure structure.

Achieving universal health insurance coverage is a major objective for many countries. Taiwan implemented its National Health Insurance (NHI) program with universal coverage in 1995. This study investigates whether the NHI program affects the level and structures of out-of-pocket (OOP) health expenditures.

Disease-specific Pay-for-Performance Programs: Do the P4P Effects Differ Between Diabetic Patients With and Without Multiple Chronic Conditions?

Background: Several studies have investigated the effects of pay-for-performance (P4P) initiatives. However, little is known about whether patients with multiple chronic conditions (MCC) would benefit from P4P initiatives similarly to patients without MCC.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to compare the effects of the diabetes mellitus pay-for-performance (DM-P4P) program on the quality of diabetic care between type 2 diabetic patients with and without MCC.

Multifaceted changes and mortality in older people: A longitudinal study in Taiwan.

Aim: Human life expectancy has increased steadily over the past two centuries. In the context of aging, resilience appears to be central to improving quality of life and preserving independence in later years. The present study investigated multifaceted changes and their association with mortality in older people in Taiwan.

NHI-PharmaCloud in Taiwan--A preliminary evaluation using the RE-AIM framework and lessons learned.

Objectives: The aim of this article is to present the preliminary impact of a medication monitoring program, PharmaCloud, in Taiwan and analyze the embedded factors that have contributed to the performance thereof. This article also compared PharmaCloud with similar international programs in order to draw lessons learned.

Methods: The five domains of the RE-AIM framework - reach, effectiveness, adoption, implementation, and maintenance - were examined using qualitative and quantitative data.

Changes in self-perceived economic satisfaction and mortality at old ages: evidence from a survey of middle-aged and elderly adults in Taiwan.

Experiencing a low socioeconomic status (SES) throughout the life course has been reported to be correlated with poor health outcomes. Several studies have suggested that income, wealth, and perceptions of economic status are associated with increased risk of death among elderly people. Few studies have investigated the association between lifetime SES and mortality among elderly adults.

Association between obesity and medical care expenditure among Taiwanese adults.

The aim of this study is to evaluate the relationships between obesity and medical care expenditure among Taiwanese adults and to assess the influence of sex, age and socioeconomic status. Our study sample consisted of 12,250 adults aged 18 years or older from the 2001 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS), who had consented to the linking of their survey responses with their NHI claims records. Obesity was defined by Body Mass Index based on the WHO-Asia Pacific categories.

Understanding differences in income-related health inequality between geographic regions in Taiwan using the SF-36.

This paper measures and decomposes socio-economic inequality in general and mental health of Taiwan residents using concentration indices. The data from the 2001 Taiwanese National Health Interview Survey is based on multi-stage systematic sampling: 18,142 subjects aged 12 and above provided answers to questions on general and mental health domains of SF-36 Taiwan version. Significant inequalities favouring higher income groups emerge in both general and mental health, but these are particularly high for residents in remote areas.

How did dentists respond to the introduction of global budgets in Taiwan? An evaluation using individual panel data.

In response to the introduction of global budgets, dentists might alter their supply behaviour, changing the number of visits, the amount of expenditure, and the type of services provided. We develop two-way fixed effects models to estimate these effects using a panel data constructed from outpatient dental care expenditures claims from the Taiwanese National Health Insurance system. The availability of a long panel allows us to estimate a "policy effect" for each dentist in the panel.