H Induced Metal-Insulation Transition Boosts the Stability of High Temperature Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells.

High temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (HT-PEMFCs) have garnered significant attention due to their expanded range of hydrogen sources and simplified management systems. However, the frequent start-up and shut-down (SU/SD) caused fuel starvation operation condition seriously deteriorates the performance and lifetime of the fuel cell. In this manuscript, VO was incorporated in the anode to restrain fuel starvation of the electrode.

Recent advances in hydrogel-based flexible strain sensors for harsh environment applications.

Flexible strain sensors are broadly investigated in electronic skins and human-machine interaction due to their light weight, high sensitivity, and wide sensing range. Hydrogels with unique three-dimensional network structures are widely used in flexible strain sensors for their exceptional flexibility and adaptability to mechanical deformation. However, hydrogels often suffer from damage, hardening, and collapse under harsh conditions, such as extreme temperatures and humidity levels, which lead to sensor performance degradation or even failure.

Causal associations between the gut microbiota and multiple myeloma: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study.

Background: Previous observational studies have indicated a potential association between the gut microbiota and multiple myeloma (MM). However, the relationship between the gut microbiota and MM remains unclear. This study aimed to ascertain the existence of a causal link between the gut microbiota and MM.

Supervise-Assisted Self-Supervised Deep-Learning Method for Hyperspectral Image Restoration.

Hyperspectral image (HSI) restoration is a challenging research area, covering a variety of inverse problems. Previous works have shown the great success of deep learning in HSI restoration. However, facing the problem of distribution gaps between training HSIs and target HSI, those data-driven methods falter in delivering satisfactory outcomes for the target HSIs.

Electrocatalysis Boosts the Methanol Thermocatalytic Dehydrogenation for High-Purity H and CO Production.

Hydrogen production from methanol represents an energy-sustainable way to produce ethanol, but it normally results in heavy CO emissions. The selective conversion of methanol into H and valuable chemical feedstocks offers a promising strategy; however, it is limited by the harsh operating conditions and low conversion efficiency. Herein, we realize efficient high-purity H and CO production from methanol by coupling the thermocatalytic methanol dehydrogenation with electrocatalytic hydrogen oxidation on a bifunctional Ru/C catalyst.

Efficient Low-temperature Hydrogen Production by Electrochemical-assisted Methanol Steam Reforming.

Methanol steam reforming (MSR) provides an alternative way for efficient production and safe transportation of hydrogen but requires harsh conditions and complicated purification processes. In this work, an efficient electrochemical-assisted MSR reaction for pure H production at lower temperature (~140 °C) is developed by coupling the electrocatalysis reaction into the MSR in a polymer electrolyte membrane electrolysis reactor. By electrochemically assisted, the two critical steps including the methanol dehydrogenation and water-gas shift reaction are accelerated, which is attributed to decreasing the methanol dehydrogenation energy and promoting the dissociation of H O to OH* by the applied potential.

Combined polysaccharide and ciprofloxacin therapy alleviates infection, protects the intestinal barrier, and regulates gut microbiota.

Clinical antibiotics used worldwide could diminish the intestinal barrier, enhance contact with microbiota and intestinal immune cells, and induce inflammation. We found that ciprofloxacin treatment of serovar Typhimurium infection resulted in the destruction of the intestinal barrier, with decreased concentrations of MUC2, ZO-1, and occludin in the jejunum and colon. ethanol extracts (GLE), as a prebiotic food extract, significantly decreased inflammation-related enzymes, including COX-2, MPO, and iNOS, and pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-1β, IL-17, and TNF-α), and protected the intestinal barrier by increasing the concentration of MUC2, ZO-1, and occludin.

A Low-Protein, High-Carbohydrate Diet Exerts a Neuroprotective Effect on Mice with 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-Induced Parkinson's Disease by Regulating the Microbiota-Metabolite-Brain Axis and Fibroblast Growth Factor 21.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is closely linked to lifestyle factors, particularly dietary patterns, which have attracted interest as potential disease-modifying factors. Eating a low-protein, high-carbohydrate (LPHC) diet is a promising dietary intervention against brain aging; however, its protective effect on PD remains elusive. Here, we found that an LPHC diet ameliorated 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrathydropyridine (MPTP)-induced motor deficits, decreased dopaminergic neuronal death, and increased the levels of striatal dopamine, serotonin, and their metabolites in PD mice.

Effect of water-soluble polysaccharides from on high-fat diet-induced obese mice: changes in gut microbiota and metabolic functions.

polysaccharides exhibit numerous probiotic activities, but their regulatory effects on the gut microbiota are unclear. This study was conducted to explore whether polysaccharides can regulate dysbacteriosis caused by a high-fat diet and relieve obesity. We extracted a water-soluble polysaccharide from (MPF, purity: 96.

Pt-Based Rare Earth Alloy as Efficient and Robust Electrocatalyst for High-Temperature Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells.

High-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells (HT-PEMFCs) are crucial in future energy systems. However, the activity and stability of the electrocatalysts are severely restricted by high temperature and phosphoric acid poisoning. Herein, PtCe alloy as oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) electrocatalyst for HT-PEMFCs exhibits fantastic performance.

Ethanol Extraction Promotes Dextran Sulphate Sodium Induced Colitis Recovery and Modulation in Microbiota.

Popular edible mushrooms and can improve physical health as a prebiotic and positively alter intestinal microbiota. Our research investigated the prebiotic effects of and on colon inflammation through water extraction polysaccharides (GLP), water extraction polysaccharides (GIP), ethanol extraction (GLE), and ethanol extraction (GIE) administered in mice after 7 days of dextran sulphate sodium (DSS) administration. Among the extracts, GLE showed reduced mortality rates, prevention of weight loss, mitigated colon length shortening, and decreased disease activity indices and histological scores.

Genome-wide association study for wattles trait in the dairy goat breed.

Dairy goats are significant livestock that provide high-quality milk sources in the world. The wattles trait is an evident phenotypic character on the neck of a dairy goat, which is considered to be under genetic control. We collected samples of 189 dairy goats, including 94 with wattles and 95 without wattles, from four different farms and multiple dairy goat breeds.

Durable High-Temperature Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells Enabled by the Working-Temperature-Matching Palladium-Hydrogen Buffer Layer.

The durability degradation during stack-operating conditions seriously deteriorates the lifetime and performance of the fuel cell. To alleviate the rapid potential rise and performance degradation, an anode design is proposed to match the working temperature of high-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells (HT-PEMFCs) with the release temperature of hydrogen from palladium. The result is significantly enhanced hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR) activity of Pd and superior performance of the Pd anode.

polysaccharides and ethanol extracts promote the recovery of colitis through intestinal barrier protection and gut microbiota modulations.

Inflammatory bowel disease is associated with intestinal homeostasis dysregulation and gut microbiota dysbiosis. This study aimed to investigate the protective effect of extracts ( polysaccharides (GAP) and 75% ethanol extracts (GAE)) on colon inflammation and elucidate the therapeutic mechanism. GAP and GAE showed considerable protective effects against dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis, as demonstrated by reduced mortality, body weight, disease activity index score, colon length, and histological score.

Plant productivity and microbial composition drive soil carbon and nitrogen sequestrations following cropland abandonment.

Understanding the variations in soil organic carbon (SOC) and total nitrogen (STN) stocks in the different ages of abandoned cropland ecosystems of different ages is essential for land use decisions to maximize C sinks or improve ecosystem services. However, knowledge of the dynamics of SOC and STN stocks and their controlling factors after cropland abandonment is limited. Thus, this study investigated the changes in the SOC and STN stocks of loessal soil (Calcaric Regosols) with a chronosequence of 3, 8, 13, 18, 23 and 30 years following cropland abandonment on the Loess Plateau.

Effects of 3-benzidino-6-phenylpyridazine, as an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, on outward potassium current in acutely isolated rat hippocampal pyramidal neurons.

As an acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor, the effects of 3-benzidino-6-phenylpyridazine (BPP) on outward potassium current including delayed rectifier potassium current (I(K(DR))) and transient outward potassium current (I(K(A))) in acutely isolated rat hippocampal pyramidal neurons were studied, using the whole cell patch-clamp technique. BPP reversibly inhibited electric eel AChE as an inhibitor, with IC(50) of 1.43 microM.

3-Benzidino-6(4-chlorophenyl) pyridazine blocks delayed rectifier and transient outward potassium current in acutely isolated rat hippocampal pyramidal neurons.

3-[(beta-morpholinoethyl)amino]-4-methyl-6-phenylpyridazine (minaprine) is an acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor. 3-Benzidino-6(4-chlorophenyl) pyridazine (BCP) and minaprine have a central pyridazine ring in common. In this study, we investigated the effects of BCP on delayed rectifier potassium current (IK(DR)) and transient outward potassium current (IK(A)) in acutely isolated rat hippocampal pyramidal neurons by using whole-cell patch-clamp technique.