Positive HIV Screening Test in a Patient with Rapidly Progressive Interstitial Lung Disease: A Case Report.

Objective: Interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) comprise a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by inflammation and fibrosis of the pulmonary interstitium, posing significant challenges in identifying their underlying causes. Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) is the leading cause of ILD in people living with HIV (PLWH). In individuals with connective tissue diseases, ILD is a frequent complication with significant morbidity and mortality.

Integrated analysis of microbiome and host transcriptome unveils correlations between lung microbiota and host immunity in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of pneumocystis pneumonia patients.

Objective: The lung microbiota of patients with pulmonary diseases is disrupted and impacts the immunity. The microbiological and immune landscape of the lungs in patients with pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) remains poorly understood.

Methods: Multi-omics analysis and machine learning were performed on bronchoalveolar lavage fluid to explore interaction between the lung microbiota and host immunity in PCP.

Pathological proliferation: a potential mechanism for poor CD4 T cell recovery in people living with HIV.

Background: People living with HIV (PLWH) fail to achieve normalization of CD4 T cell counts and function, especially in immunological non-responders (INRs). The frequencies of Ki67CD4 T cells were inversely associated with CD4 T cell counts in HIV infected patients. Early ART did not normalize CD4 T cell proliferation.

People who living with HIV/AIDS also have a high prevalence of anxiety disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: An estimated 301 million people worldwide suffer from anxiety disorders. People living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) are particularly prone to anxiety disorders that could interfere with the important developmental process in an individual's development and ultimately result in a wide range of negative mental, physical, and psychosocial consequences, as well as poor quality of life in those population groups. Early intervention for anxiety disorders can reverse some of the physical damage caused by anxiety.

Disruption of blood-brain barrier: effects of HIV Tat on brain microvascular endothelial cells and tight junction proteins.

Although the widespread use of antiretroviral therapy (ART) has prolonged the life span of people living with HIV (PLWH), the incidence of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) in PLWH is also gradually increasing, seriously affecting the quality of life for PLWH. However, the pathogenesis of HAND has not been elucidated, which leaves HAND without effective treatment. HIV protein transactivator of transcription (Tat), as an important regulatory protein, is crucial in the pathogenesis of HAND, and its mechanism of HAND has received widespread attention.

Mitochondrial Metabolism in Alveolar Macrophages of Patients Infected with HIV, Tuberculosis, and HIV/Tuberculosis.

Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the most common opportunistic infections and is a leading cause of mortality in patients with HIV and AIDS. HIV infection causes serious defects in the host immune system and increases the risk of active TB. TB infection promotes HIV replication and aggravates host damage in patients with HIV/AIDS.

Clinical characteristics of adult inpatients with Measles in Beijing from 2010 to 2021: a retrospective analysis.

Background: With the measles vaccine coverage rate gradually increasing, adult patients' epidemiological and clinical characteristics have changed.

Aims: To analyze the clinical characteristics of adult measles patients in Beijing Youan Hospital.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the electronic medical records of 818 patients diagnosed with measles at Beijing Youan Hospital between June 2010 and October 2021.

Clinical Features of Human Brucellosis and Risk Factors for Focal Complications: A Retrospective Analysis in a Tertiary-Care Hospital in Beijing, China.

Purpose: Brucellosis is an ongoing zoonotic disease in China, but there are few data in Beijing. This study was designed to illustrate clinical characteristics of patients with brucellosis in Beijing, China and explore the risk factors for focal brucellosis.

Patients And Methods: Data of patients with brucellosis were retrospectively collected from the patients' electronic medical records in Beijing Youan Hospital during 2010 to 2021, including epidemiological, demographic and clinical features.

Duration of SARS-CoV-2 RNA shedding and factors associated with prolonged viral shedding in patients with COVID-19.

To investigate the factors associated with the duration of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 RNA shedding in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). A retrospective cohort of COVID-19 patients admitted to a designated hospital in Beijing was analyzed to study the factors affecting the duration of viral shedding. The median duration of viral shedding was 11 days (IQR, 8-14.

Clinical characteristics of Coronavirus Disease 2019 patients in Beijing, China.

The outbreak of Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) in Wuhan have affected more than 250 countries and regions worldwide. However, most of the clinical studies have been focused on Wuhan, and little is known about the disease outside of Wuhan in China. In this retrospective cohort study, we report the early clinical features of 80 patients with COVID-19 admitted to the hospital in Beijing.

Clinical features and outcomes of 210 patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.

Background: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a lethal chronic interstitial lung disease (ILD) of unknown cause and having a variable and unpredictable course. This study aimed to summarize the clinical features and follow-up outcomes and to identify potential factors useful for the assessment of prognosis in IPF.

Methods: Two hundred and ten patients hospitalized and diagnosed as IPF in our unit from January 1999 to June 2007 were enrolled into this study.

CCL18 in serum, BAL fluid and alveolar macrophage culture supernatant in interstitial lung diseases.

Background: CCL18 is a CC chemokine produced mainly by antigen-presenting cells, and is chemotactic predominantly for T-lymphocytes. CCL18 can stimulate pulmonary fibroblasts and increase the collagen production in vitro.

Objectives: This study aimed to compare the CCL18 levels in a variety of human biological fluids between various interstitial lung diseases (ILDs), and to reveal potential correlations with BAL cell differentials.

Serum KL-6 is a predictor of outcome in pulmonary alveolar proteinosis.

Background: Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) is a rare disorder characterised by abundant alveolar accumulation of surfactant lipoproteins. Serum levels of KL-6, high molecular weight human MUC1 mucin, are increased in the majority of patients with PAP. The prognostic significance of KL-6 in PAP is still unknown.

Macrolides inhibit cytokine production by alveolar macrophages in bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia.

Background And Objective: Bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia (BOOP) is a distinct clinicopathological entity histologically characterized by intra-alveolar granulation tissue and absence of extensive fibrotic lesions. Effective macrolide treatment of BOOP has been reported anecdotally. This study aimed to investigate whether alveolar macrophages (AMs) produce aberrant proinflammatory cytokines in BOOP and whether this can be inhibited by clarithromycin (CAM) or azithromycin (AZM).