GmERFVII transcription factors upregulate PATHOGENESIS-RELATED10 and contribute to soybean cyst nematode resistance.

Low oxygen availability within plant cells arises during plant development but is exacerbated under environmental stress conditions. The group VII ETHYLENE RESPONSE FACTOR (ERFVII) transcription factors have been identified as pivotal regulators in the hypoxia response to abiotic stress. However, their roles in transcriptional regulation during biotic stresses remain less defined.

Application of B+M-Mode Ultrasound in Evaluating Dysphagia in Elderly Stroke Patients.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the swallow-related muscles and bones movement patterns during swallowing quantitatively by B+M-mode ultrasound, and to investigate its application value in dysphagia.

Methods: Sixty elderly stroke patients with dysphagia (patient group) and sixty healthy elderly individuals (control group) were enrolled in this study. M-mode ultrasound was utilized to measure the radial displacement and duration of tongue and geniohyoid muscle movements.

Institutional Betrayal in the Criminal and Civil Legal Systems: Exploratory Factor Analysis with a Sample of Black and Hispanic Survivors of Intimate Partner Violence.

Institutional betrayal (IB) is well-documented among survivors of gender-based violence seeking help and/or reporting incidents of violence in various settings, including college campuses and health care settings. Two of the most common institutions from which survivors seek help are the criminal and civil legal systems; however, less is known about the experiences of IB among survivors interfacing with those systems. Previous studies exploring IB have implemented the Institutional Betrayal Questionnaire (IBQ) and its various adaptations, but this scale has not yet been analyzed in the criminal or civil legal context, nor has it been analyzed among racially marginalized survivors.

Mitogen-activated protein kinases MPK3 and MPK6 phosphorylate receptor-like cytoplasmic kinase CDL1 to regulate soybean basal immunity.

Soybean cyst nematode (SCN; Heterodera glycines Ichinohe), one of the most devastating soybean (Glycine max) pathogens, causes significant yield loss in soybean production. Nematode infection triggers plant defense responses; however, the components involved in the upstream signaling cascade remain largely unknown. In this study, we established that a mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling module, activated by nematode infection or wounding, is crucial for soybeans to establish SCN resistance.

Using voice recognition to measure trust during interactions with automated vehicles.

Trust in an automated vehicle system (AVs) can impact the experience and safety of drivers and passengers. This work investigates the effects of speech to measure drivers' trust in the AVs. Seventy-five participants were randomly assigned to high-trust (the AVs with 100% correctness, 0 crash, and 4 system messages with visual-auditory TORs) and low-trust group (the AVs with a correctness of 60%, a crash rate of 40%, 2 system messages with visual-only TORs).

Effect of NO exposure on airway inflammation and oxidative stress in asthmatic mice.

Nitrogen dioxide (NO) is a widespread air pollutant. Epidemiological evidence indicates that NO is associated with an increase of incidence rate and mortality of asthma, but its mechanism is still unclear. In this study, we exposed mice to NO (5 ppm, 4 h per day for 30 days) intermittently to investigate the development and potential toxicological mechanisms of allergic asthma.

Interaction of high temperature and NO exposure on asthma risk: In vivo experimental evidence of inflammation and oxidative stress.

Allergic asthma is a complicated respiratory disease with many concerns. Mounting epidemiological evidence linked temperature (T) and NO with allergic asthma, yet toxicological studies remain scarce. We conducted an in vivo study to explore toxicological evidence in T-NO interaction on allergic asthma, to investigate underlying toxicological mechanisms.

A Qa-SNARE complex contributes to soybean cyst nematode resistance via regulation of mitochondria-mediated cell death.

The resistance to Heterodera glycines 1 (Rhg1) locus is widely used by soybean breeders to reduce yield loss caused by soybean cyst nematode (SCN). α-SNAP (α-soluble NSF attachment protein) within Rhg1 locus contributes to SCN resistance by modulation of cell status at the SCN feeding site; however, the underlying mechanism is largely unclear. Here, we identified an α-SNAP-interacting protein, GmSYP31A, a Qa-SNARE (soluble NSF attachment protein receptor) protein from soybean.

Microstructured Au/Ni-fiber catalyst for low-temperature gas-phase selective oxidation of alcohols.

Galvanic deposition of Au onto a thin-sheet sinter-locked 8 μm Ni-fiber delivers a high-performance Au/Ni-fiber catalyst for alcohol oxidation, due to the unique combination of excellent heat conductivity, remarkable low-temperature activity, and good stability/regenerability. The special NiO@Au ensembles formed during the reaction contribute to promoting the low-temperature activity.