Effect of on the Characteristics of Pork Patties during Freezing and Thawing Cycles.

Temperature fluctuations severely damage the quality, oxidation stability, and structure of pork patties. This study investigated the potential reasons for (Pe) to protect frozen pork patties from quality degradation caused by temperature fluctuations and promoted the application of a natural ingredient. In this experiment, the pH, the water holding capacity (WHC), the properties of color and texture, the appearance, the degree of protein and lipid oxidation, and the microstructure of patties with different additions of Pe (0%, 0.

OsGELP77, a QTL for broad-spectrum disease resistance and yield in rice, encodes a GDSL-type lipase.

Lipids and lipid metabolites have essential roles in plant-pathogen interactions. GDSL-type lipases are involved in lipid metabolism modulating lipid homeostasis. Some plant GDSLs modulate lipid metabolism altering hormone signal transduction to regulate host-defence immunity.

miR395-regulated sulfate metabolism exploits pathogen sensitivity to sulfate to boost immunity in rice.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play important roles in plant physiological activities. However, their roles and molecular mechanisms in boosting plant immunity, especially through the modulation of macronutrient metabolism in response to pathogens, are largely unknown. Here, we report that an evolutionarily conserved miRNA, miR395, promotes resistance to Xanthomonas oryzae pv.

Rice group I GH3 gene family, positive regulators of bacterial pathogens.

Plant GH3 genes play pivotal roles in biotic stress through involving in hormonal homeostasis by conjugation to amino acids of the free-form of salicylic acid, jasmonic acid (JA) or indole-3-acetic acid. We recently showed that rice group I GH3 gene family, with four members, are the functional JA-Ile synthetases and positively mediated rice resistance to Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo).