scCURE identifies cell types responding to immunotherapy and enables outcome prediction.

A deep understanding of immunotherapy response/resistance mechanisms and a highly reliable therapy response prediction are vital for cancer treatment. Here, we developed scCURE (single-cell RNA sequencing [scRNA-seq] data-based Changed and Unchanged cell Recognition during immunotherapy). Based on Gaussian mixture modeling, Kullback-Leibler (KL) divergence, and mutual nearest-neighbors criteria, scCURE can faithfully discriminate between cells affected or unaffected by immunotherapy intervention.

Differential genome-wide associated variants and enriched pathways of ECG parameters among people with versus without HIV.

Objectives: People with HIV (PWH) are more likely to develop ECG abnormalities. Substantial evidence exists for genetic contribution to ECG parameters among general population. However, whether and how would host genome associate with ECG parameters among PWH is unclear.

Genome-wide associated variants of subclinical atherosclerosis among young people with HIV and gene-environment interactions.

Background: Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified some variants associated with subclinical atherosclerosis (SCA) in general population but lacking sufficient validation. Besides traditional risk factors, whether and how would genetic variants associate with SCA among people with HIV (PWH) remains to be elucidated.

Method: A large original GWAS and gene-environment interaction analysis of SCA were conducted among Chinese PWH (n = 2850) and age/sex-matched HIV-negative controls (n = 5410).

scCODE: an R package for data-specific differentially expressed gene detection on single-cell RNA-sequencing data.

Differential expression (DE) gene detection in single-cell ribonucleic acid (RNA)-sequencing (scRNA-seq) data is a key step to understand the biological question investigated. Filtering genes is suggested to improve the performance of DE methods, but the influence of filtering genes has not been demonstrated. Furthermore, the optimal methods for different scRNA-seq datasets are divergent, and different datasets should benefit from data-specific DE gene detection strategies.

[Comparison of the accuracy for evaluating cervical vertebral bone age and dental age of children in Shanghai].

Purpose: To compare the applicability and validity of dental age (DA) estimated by Willems method and cervical vertebral bone age (CVBA) evaluated by regression formula in estimating the chronological age of children in Shanghai.

Methods: Panoramic radiographs and lateral cephalograms were retrospectively collected from 320 subjects (160 males, 160 females), totaling 640 images. Discrepancies between chronological and estimated ages were statistically calculated by paired samples t test or Wilcoxon signed rank test using SPSS 25.

Multi-Mode Antibacterial Strategies Enabled by Gene-Transfection and Immunomodulatory Nanoparticles in 3D-Printed Scaffolds for Synergistic Exogenous and Endogenous Treatment of Infections.

As research on refractory Staphylococcus aureus-related implant infection intensifies, certain challenges remain, including low antibiotic concentrations within infected areas, immune escape achieved by intracellular bacteria, myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) inducing regional immunosuppression, and recurrence of residual pathogenic bacteria after drug suspension. Herein, a novel antimicrobial system to simultaneously address these issues is proposed. Specifically, an oxygen-species-responsive 3D-printed scaffold with shell-core nanoparticles is designed, which are loaded with an antimicrobial peptide plasmid (LL37 plasmid) and have LL37 grafted on their surface (LL37@ZIF8-LL37).

Caveolin-1 promotes cancer progression via inhibiting ferroptosis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is an aggressive disease worldwide. Much progress has been made in exploring mechanisms and improving the therapy of HNSCC, but only a few studies have focused on the role of ferroptosis on HNSCC progression. The current study aimed to reveal the underlining mechanisms that caveolin-1 (CAV1)-ROS (reactive oxygen species)-ferroptosis axis affect the process of HNSCC and discover novo therapeutic targets or strategies.

A quick method of determining the age of 8 years old: Based on the first premolars on Eastern Chinese population.

Background: Whether an individual is over 8 years old is of great significance in clinical medicine and law. The Demirjian, Willems and Cameriere methods are one of the most widely used methods of dental age estimation, but neither method was suitable in Eastern China. And all of them are time-consuming for clinical work.

An improved lentiviral system for efficient expression and purification of β-defensins in mammalian cells.

β-Defensins are a family of conserved small cationic antimicrobial peptides with different significant biological functions. The majority of mammalian β-defensins are expressed in epididymis, and many of them are predicted to have post-translational modifications. However, only a few of its members have been well studied due to the limitations of expressing and purifying bioactive proteins with correct post-translational modifications efficiently.

Multifunctional nanoplatforms as cascade-responsive drug-delivery carriers for effective synergistic chemo-photodynamic cancer treatment.

Synergistic chemo-photodynamic therapy has garnered attention in the field of cancer treatment. Here, a pH cascade-responsive micellar nanoplatform with nucleus-targeted ability, for effective synergistic chemo-photodynamic cancer treatment, was fabricated. In this micellar nanoplatform, 5-(4-carboxyphenyl)-10,15,20-triphenylporphyrin (Por), a photodynamic therapy (PDT) agent was utilized for carrying the novel anticancer drug GNA002 to construct a hydrophobic core, and cyclic RGD peptide (cRGD)-modified polyethylene glycol (PEG) (cRGD-PEG) connected the cell-penetrating peptide hexaarginine (R) through a pH-responsive hydrazone bond (cRGD-PEG-N = CH-R) to serve as a hydrophilic shell for increasing blood circulation time.

Nuclear-targeted nanocarriers based on pH-sensitive amphiphiles for enhanced GNA002 delivery and chemotherapy.

GNA002, a novel EZH2 inhibitor, exhibits significant anticancer efficiency in solid malignant tumor therapy; however, its poor water solubility and low enrichment at tumor sites limit its clinical application and translation. In this study, an original pH-sensitive nanocarrier (cyclo (RGDyCSH) (cRGD)-poly (ethylene glycol) (PEG)-hydrazine (Hyd)-hexa-arginine (R6)-stearic acid (SA)) was designed to precisely deliver GNA002 into the nuclei of cancer cells. The PEG-modified hydrophilic shell of the spherical GNA002-loaded nanoparticles with a mean size of 143.

A modified dental age assessment method for 5- to 16-year-old eastern Chinese children.

Objectives: Age estimation is widely applied in the field of orthodontics, pediatric dentistry, and forensic science. Dental age estimation by the radiological method is frequently used because of its convenience and noninvasiveness. However, there are not enough suitable methods for eastern Chinese children.

Testing the nonlinear equations for dental age evaluation in a population of eastern China.

Objective: The study evaluated the validity of the nonlinear equations (Qingdao model) for dental age assessment in an eastern Chinese population.

Materials And Methods: We studied 1073 digital panoramic radiographs of children aged 11-16 years from a Chinese Han population. Dental ages (DAs) were calculated using the Demirjian and the new model methods.

Applicability of newly derived second and third molar maturity indices for indicating the legal age of 16 years in the Southern Chinese population.

In China, forensic age estimation in the living has become increasingly important in these few years. Due to increasing juvenile crimes, the age of 16 years has become the legal age threshold for determining whether the juvenile criminal law or adult criminal law applies to the citizen. This study aimed to assess new cut-off values of the third molar maturity index (I) and second molar maturity index (I) at the legal age threshold of 16 years in Southern Chinese population and then to compare the applicability of the cut-off values of I and I we set for discriminating whether a subject is ≥ 16 years.

Applicability of the third molar maturity index for assessment of age of majority in Eastern China.

From a legal and penalty point of view, it is essential to conclude if an individual has reached the legal age (also known as age of majority). Although Cameriere's third molar maturity index (I) has been used to discriminate between adults and minors, no study has tested the applicability of I in the Eastern Chinese population. The aim of this study was to assess the validity of the region-specific cut-off value of I for discriminating minors from adults in an Eastern Chinese population.

Applicability and accuracy of Demirjian and Willems methods in a population of Eastern Chinese subadults.

Background: To assess the validity of the Demirjian and Willems dental age estimation methods in a population of Eastern Chinese 11-18-year-old subadults.

Samples And Methods: A total of 1622 orthopantomograms (787 boys and 835 girls) aged from 11.00 to 18.