Comparison of Pain Thresholds and Analgesic Effects of Parecoxib Sodium in Surgical Patients of Different Racial and Religious Backgrounds.

Objective: To explore the differences of the thresholds of pain and analgesic effects of parecoxib sodium among patients with different racial and religious backgrounds.

Methods: A total of 48 male patients aged 18 to 38 years who had undergone elective laparoscopic appendectomy under general anesthesia in our centers were enrolled in our study and then divided into 6 groups(n=8 in each group)based on their racial backgrounds(three levels:Mongoloid,Negroid,and Europoid)and religious backgrounds(two levels:without religion background,with religion background).All subjects received the same anesthesia,surgical procedure,and postoperative analgesia with parecoxib sodium.

Propofol up-regulates expression of ABCA1, ABCG1, and SR-B1 through the PPARγ/LXRα signaling pathway in THP-1 macrophage-derived foam cells.

Background: ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1), ATP-binding cassette transporter G1 (ABCG1), and scavenger receptor-B1 (SR-B1) promote cholesterol efflux from cells to lipid-poor apolipoprotein A-I and play an important role in the development of atherosclerosis. Liver X receptor (LXRα) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARγ) operate as cholesterol sensors, which may protect from cholesterol overload by stimulating cholesterol efflux from cells to high-density lipoprotein through ABCA1, ABCG1, and SR-B1. Propofol administration is associated with cardiovascular protective effects, including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.

Propofol Attenuates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 Production Through Enhancing apoM and foxa2 Expression in HepG2 Cells.

Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) is a cytokine that mediates the influx of cells to sites of inflammation. Our group recently reported that propofol exerted an anti-inflammatory effect and could inhibit lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. However, the effect and possible mechanisms of propofol on MCP-1 expression remain unclear.

Atorvastatin Attenuates TNF-alpha Production via Heme Oxygenase-1 Pathway in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 Macrophages.

Objective: To assess the effect of atorvastatin on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced TNF-α production in RAW264.7 macrophages.

Methods: RAW264.

WITHDRAWN: Propofol reduces MMPs expression by inhibiting PI3K/AKT activity in human HepG2 cells.

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Anti-inflammatory effects of propofol are mediated by apolipoprotein M in a hepatocyte nuclear factor-1α-dependent manner.

Propofol (2,6-diisopropylphenol) is probably the most widely used intravenous hypnotic agent in daily practice. However, its anti-inflammatory properties have seldom been addressed. In this study, we evaluated the anti-inflammatory activity and mechanisms of propofol on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation in vivo and in vitro and found that propofol markedly inhibited LPS-induced production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-6, and expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS).

C-reactive protein promotes vascular endothelial dysfunction partly via activating adipose tissue inflammation in hyperlipidemic rabbits.

Background: Endothelial dysfunction is the basic and original sign of atherogenesis. Some evidences show that C-reactive protein (CRP) and perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) play a pivotal role in atherosclerosis. However, the effects of CRP on atherosclerosis and the related mechanisms require elucidation.

Propofol induces rat embryonic neural stem cell apoptosis by activating both extrinsic and intrinsic pathways.

Propofol has previously been shown to have detrimental effects on the developing brain. Neural stem cells, identified in the embryonic brain as well as in the adult brain, are multipotent, self-renewing cells, which are capable of differentiating into different phenotypes of the nervous system. The present study was designed to investigate propofol-induced rat embryonic neural stem cell apoptosis and its potential mechanisms.

[Effect of propofol at uptake equilibrium on γ-aminobutyric acid in different cerebral regions in dogs].

Objective: To investigate the effect of propofol at doses for different anesthesia depths on γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in different cerebral regions at propofol uptake equilibrium in dogs.

Methods: Twelve 12-18-month-old healthy hybrid dogs weighing 10-12 kg were randomly divided into light anesthesia group (n=6) and deep anesthesia group (n=6) with a single bolus dose of propofol (5.5 and 7.

[Effects of hypertonic sodium chloride hydroxyethyl starch 40 on brain histopathology in rats with whole body hyperthermia].

Objective: To investigate the effects of hypertonic sodium chloride hydroxyethyl starch 40 (HSH) on brain edema and morphological changes during whole body hyperthermia (WBH) in rats.

Methods: Sixty adult male SD rats were randomized into control group, WBH group without fluid infusion (group HT), WBH group with Ringer's infusion (group RL), WBH group with HAES + Ringer's infusion (group HRL) and WBH group with HSH infusion (group HSH). WBH was induced by exposure to 36 degrees celsius; for 3 h to achieve a rectal temperature of 41-42 degrees celsius;, and the corresponding fluids were administered intravenously within 30 min at the beginning of WBH.

[Effect of methylprednisolone pretreatment on pulmonary permeability and dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine content in rabbits with reexpansion pulmonary edema].

Objective: To investigate the effects of methylprednisolone pretreatment on pulmonary lung permeability index and the content of the pulmonary surfactant dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) in a rabbit model of reexpansion pulmonary edema.

Methods: Twenty-one male New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into control group, reexpansion, and reexpansion+methylprednisolone pretreatment groups. The rabbit model of reexpansion pulmonary edema was established using Sakaos method.

[Protective effects of penehyclidine hydrochloride against acute renal injury induced by hemorrhagic shock and lipopolysaccharides in rats].

Objective: To investigate the effect of penehyclidine hydrochloride (PHC) in a rat model of renal injury induced by hemorrhagic shock and lipopolysaccharides (LPS).

Methods: Forty-five healthy Wistar rats were randomized into sham operated group, model group, and 3 penehyclidine hydrochloride (PHC) dose (1, 2 and 3 mg/kg) groups (PHC1, PHC2, and PHC3 groups, respectively). The arterial blood samples were collected to determine the concentrations of serum tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-8 (IL-8), interleukin-1 (IL-1), urine creatinine (Cr) and blood urine nitrogen (BUN), and the renal tissues were collected to measure the expressions of ICAM-1 and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and observe the pathological changes.

[Application of subclinical doses of pentazocine and propofol in painless vaginal egg retrieval].

Objective: To assess the feasibility of using subclinical doses of pentazocine in painless egg retrieval.

Methods: Eighty-one patients undergoing painless egg retrieval were randomized into the observation group and the control group to receive 0.4 mg/kg pentazocine with 1.

[Effects of parecoxib on morphine dosage in postoperative patient-controlled analgesia following thoracoscope-assisted thoracotomy].

Objective: To observe the effect of parecoxib on morphine dosage in patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) following thoracoscope-assisted thoracotomy.

Methods: A consecutive series of 100 patients undergoing thoracoscope-assisted thoracotomy were randomized into 5 groups and received PCA with morphine doses at 0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 mg given in 200 ml saline (groups P(1), P(2), P(3), P(4), and P(5), respectively). Parecoxib (40 mg) was given in all the patients immediately before the operation, and the mixture (4-5 ml) of lidocaine and ropivacaine was administered into the 3 intercostal spaces upper and lower to the incision before chest closure.

[Effect of propofol on proliferation and differentiation of rat embryonic neural stem cells in vitro].

Objective: To investigate the effect of propofol on the proliferation and differentiation of rat embryonic neural stem cells in vitro.

Methods: Embryonic neural stem cells of fetal Wistar rats (gestational age of 14-16 days) in primary culture, after identification for nestin expression, were divided into control group, introlipid group, and propofol groups (treated with propofol at the doses of 5, 25, 50, and 100 µmol/L). The changes in the proliferation of the embryonic neural stem cells after the treatments were observed using Brdu incorporation assay.

Sevoflurane inhibits proliferation, induces apoptosis, and blocks cell cycle progression of lung carcinoma cells.

Purpose: Sevoflurane, an inhalational anesthetic, is used extensively during lung cancer surgery. However, the effect of sevoflurane on growth of lung carcinoma cells remains unclear. The purpose of this study is to investigate effects on proliferation, apoptosis, and cell cycling in the A549 human lung adenocarcinoma cell line.

[A proteomic study of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass].

Objective: To explore the effect of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) on the profile of protein expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs).

Methods: Eleven patients undergoing cardiac surgery under cardiopulmonary bypass were enrolled in the study. Peripheral blood samples were collected before CPB (T0), 1 h after CPB (T1) and at the end of operation (T2), and PBMCs were obtained by gradient centrifugation.

The effects of preloading infusion with hydroxyethyl starch 200/0.5 or 130/0.4 solution on hypercoagulability and excessive platelet activation of patients with colon cancer.

Hypercoagulability and excessive platelet activation account for a significant percentage of mortality and morbidity in cancer patients. In order to test the hypothesis that preloading infusion (PLI) with 6% hydroxyethyl starch 200/0.5 (HES 200), or 6% hydroxyethyl starch 130/0.

[Narcotrend index monitoring can predict the recovery of consciousness in patients undergoing abdominal surgery].

Objective: To investigate the value of Narcotrend (NT) index monitoring versus standard hemodynamic parameters in predicting the recovery of consciousness in patients undergoing abdominal surgery.

Methods: Forty ASA I or II patients undergoing elective abdominal surgery were randomized into two groups to receive sevoflurane-sufentanil anesthesia monitored by NT index or solely by clinical parameters. Anesthesia was induced with the inhalation of 8% sevoflurane and sufentanil target-controlled infusion at 0.

[Effect of noxious stimulation on regional distribution of propofol in canine spinal cord].

Objective: To observe the regional distribution of propofol in canine spinal cord under noxious stimulation.

Methods: Twelve healthy hybrid dogs (12-18 months old, weighing 10-12 kg) were randomly divided into control group (n=6) and stimulation group (n=6). All the dogs were anesthetized with a single bolus dose of propofol (7 mg/kg) in 15 seconds followed by propofol infusion at a constant rate of 70 mg/kg/h via the great saphenous vein of the right posterior limb.

[Prophylactic effect of acupuncture on nausea and vomiting after laparoscopic operation].

Objective: To explore the prophylactic effect of acupuncture Neiguan (PC 6) on nausea and vomiting after laparoscopic operation.

Methods: One hundred patients with laparoscopic gastrointestinal operation were randomly divided into an acupuncture group and a control group, 50 patients in each group. The operation was carried out with the combined infusion and inhalation anesthesia.

[Effects of selective left lower lobar blockade by Coopdech endobronchial blocker tube on intrapulmonary shunt and arterial oxygenation: a comparison with double-lumen endobronchial tube].

Objective: To compare the differences in intrapulmonary shunt (Qs/Qt) and arterial oxygenation between selective left lower lobar blockade by Coopdech endobronchial blocker tubes (BB) and one lung ventilation (OLV) by left-sided double-lumen endobronchial tubes (DLT) in patients with normal pulmonary function.

Methods: Thirty-six patients (aged 32-64 years) scheduled for lower esophageal surgery were allocated randomly into BB and DLT groups (n=18). Anesthesia was induced and maintained with Propofol by target controlled infusion with intravenous administration of sufentanil and cisatracurium if needed.

[Changes of approximate entropy in rats during focal cerebral infarction].

Objective: To investigate the changes of EEG approximate entropy (ApEn) in rats during focal cerebral infarction.

Methods: Twenty-four Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into infarction group (n=12) with middle cerebral artery occlusion and sham-operated group (n=12). The EEG data (ApEn) was recorded in the bilateral areas (C3, C4) of the rats with focal cerebral infarction before the infarction and immediately and at 5, 15, 30, and 60 min after the infarction.

[Ulinastatin attenuates lung injury in rats with hemorrhagic shock].

Objective: To investigate the effects of ulinastatin on lung injury in hemorrhagic shock rats.

Methods: Twenty-four normal SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups (n=8), namely the control group, hemorrhagic shock group (group H) and ulinastatin group (group U). In group H and group U, blood was drawn from the femoral artery over a period of 10 min until a mean arterial pressure of 40 mmHg was obtained.

[Intravenous injection rate and site of fentanyl affect the incidence and onset time of fentanyl-induced cough].

Objective: To explore the effect of intravenous injection rate and site of fentanyl on the incidence and onset time of fentanyl-induced cough.

Method: Seventy-five ASA class I or II patients were randomized into 3 groups and received intravenous fentanyl administration at 4 microg/kg in different manners. In group A, fentanyl was injected within 2 s into the forearm veins; in group B, fentanyl was injected in 2 s through the dorsal foot veins or the great saphenous vein anterior to the ankle; in group C, fentanyl was injected in 15 s by the same route as in group A.