The effect of restrictive vs. liberal fluid protocols on ocular parameters in patients undergoing prone spine surgery: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) and optic nerve edema occurring during prone surgeries may cause ocular and optic nerve ischaemia injury. We hypothesized that a liberal fluid protocol might further increase IOP and optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) than a restrictive fluid protocol for patients in the prone position.

Methods: A single-centre, prospective and randomized trial was conducted.

Clinical and MRI features about two types of silent cerebral small-vessel disease in type-2 diabetes mellitus: a retrospective cross-sectional study in a tertiary hospital.

Background: The present study aimed to evaluate the frequency of silent cerebral small-vessel disease, especially lacunes and white matter hyperintensities, in patients with or without the impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and type-2 diabetes mellitus, and to characterize the diabetes-correlated factors related to silent cerebral small-vessel disease.

Methods: This is a retrospective cross-sectional study. Totally 698 patients were included in this study, from January 2014 to December 2019, among which 270 patients were included in the diabetes mellitus group, 106 patients were included in the IGT group, and 322 patients were included in the Control group.

Relationship Between Type 2 Diabetes and White Matter Hyperintensity: A Systematic Review.

White matter (WM) disease is recognized as an important cause of cognitive decline and dementia. White matter lesions (WMLs) appear as white matter hyperintensities (WMH) on T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans of the brain. Previous studies have shown that type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is associated with WMH.

Protective effect of esculentoside A on lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury in mice.

Background: Esculentoside A (EsA) is a saponin isolated from the Chinese herb Phytolacca esculenta. In our study, we sought to investigate the protective effects of EsA on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury (ALI) in mice.

Materials And Methods: To determine the effects of EsA on the reduction of histopathologic changes in mice with ALI, inflammatory cell count in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and lung wet-to-dry weight ratio were measured in LPS-challenged mice, and lung histopathologic changes observed via paraffin section were assessed.

Phillyrin attenuates LPS-induced pulmonary inflammation via suppression of MAPK and NF-κB activation in acute lung injury mice.

Phillyrin (Phil) is one of the main chemical constituents of Forsythia suspensa (Thunb.), which has shown to be an important traditional Chinese medicine. We tested the hypothesis that Phil modulates pulmonary inflammation in an ALI model induced by LPS.