The incidence and risk factors of gastrointestinal dysfunction during enteral nutrition in mechanically ventilated critically ill patients.

Aim: To assess the occurrence and risk factors of gastrointestinal (GI) dysfunction during enteral nutrition (EN) in critically ill patients supported with mechanical ventilation.

Design: Prospective observational study.

Methods: Totally 252 patients admitted at a mixed medical-surgical ICU were enrolled.

E3 ubiquitin ligase RNF180 mediates the ALKBH5/SMARCA5 axis to promote colon inflammation and Th17/Treg imbalance in ulcerative colitis mice.

SMARCA5, a protein in the SWI/SNF family, has been previously implicated in the development of ulcerative colitis (UC) through methylation. However, the specific molecular mechanisms by which SMARCA5 contributes to colonic inflammation and the imbalance between Th17 and Treg cells remain unclear. This study was designed to explore these molecular mechanisms.

Dynamic analysis of a fuzzy Bobwhite quail population model under g-division law.

This paper is concerned with a kind of Bobwhite quail population model where the parameters and initial values are positive parabolic fuzzy numbers. According to g-division of fuzzy sets and based on the symmetrical parabolic fuzzy numbers, the conditional stability of this model is proved. Besides the existence, boundedness and persistence of its unique positive fuzzy solution.

Adverse events of biologic or small molecule therapies in clinical trials for inflammatory bowel disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Biologic or small-molecule therapies are highly effective for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and approval by the FDA has significantly increased both their clinical use and the development of novel regimens. However, the identification and management of their associated toxicities poses challenges for clinicians and researchers.

Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published from January 1, 2000, to October 15, 2022, and in the databases.

Facilitating endoscopic full-thickness resection for gastric submucosal tumors with a novel snare traction method (with video).

Background And Aim: Endoscopic full-thickness resection (EFTR) is a promising technique in treating gastric submucosal tumors originating from the muscularis propria (SMT-MPs). However, it is challenging without counter-traction.

Methods: A snare was inserted through the forceps channel to grasp the part of the tumor or the mucosa connected to the tumor.

CRISPR-based functional genomics screening in human-pluripotent-stem-cell-derived cell types.

While our knowledge of gene expression in different human cell types is rapidly expanding with advances in transcriptomic profiling technologies, the next challenge is to understand gene function in each cell type. CRISPR-Cas9-based functional genomics screening offers a powerful approach to determine gene function in a high-throughput manner. With the maturation of stem cell technology, a variety of human cell types can be derived from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs).

MicroRNA-182-5p aggravates ulcerative colitis by inactivating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway through DNMT3A-mediated SMARCA5 methylation.

This research focused on novel molecular mechanisms underlying microRNA (miR)-182-5p in ulcerative colitis (UC). Colon tissues were obtained from UC patients, and dextrose sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced mouse and interleukin-1β (IL-1β)-induced Caco-2 cell models were generated. Then, miR-182-5p, SMARCA5, and the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway were altered in IL-1β-stimulated Caco-2 cells and DSS-treated mice to assess their function.

Circular RNA HECTD1 Mitigates Ulcerative Colitis by Promoting Enterocyte Autophagy Via miR-182-5p/HuR Axis.

Objective: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic colitis with unknown etiology. Circular RNA (circRNA) has shown regulatory effect in many diseases, but the role of circRNA in UC is barely known. This study uncovers the function and regulatory mechanism of circRNA HECTD1 (circHECTD1) in UC.

Engineered collagen-binding bone morphogenetic protein-2 incorporated with platelet-rich plasma accelerates lumbar fusion in aged rats with osteopenia.

In aged individuals, osteopenia is a great concern for achieving solid spinal fusion. Spinal malunion could lead to various implant-related complications and reduce postoperative quality of life. This study aims to investigate the efficacy of collagen-binding bone morphogenetic protein-2 (CBD-BMP-2) on the treatment of lumbar inter-transverse defects and to explore whether platelet-rich plasma could help CBD-BMP-2 to achieve a better outcome in terms of osteogenesis in senile rats with osteopenia.

LncRNA TUG1 regulates the balance of HuR and miR-29b-3p and inhibits intestinal epithelial cell apoptosis in a mouse model of ulcerative colitis.

This study aimed to investigate the role of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) taurine up-regulated 1 (TUG1) in the development of ulcerative colitis (UC) and to explore the underlying mechanisms. A murine model of UC was induced by dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) exposure. The colonic epithelial YAMC cells were treated with TNF-α to simulate the inflammatory environment of intestinal epithelial cells (IECs).

Endoscopic or Surgical Resection for Patients with 2-5cm Gastric Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors: A Single-Center 12-Year Experience from China.

Purpose: The surgical or endoscopic resection is the current treatment modality for 2-5 cm gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs). However, evidence is lacking as to which treatment modality is better. Our objective is to provide a new reference for the standardization of the treatment of 2-5 cm gastric GISTs.

Silencing of RHEB inhibits cell proliferation and promotes apoptosis in colorectal cancer cells via inhibition of the mTOR signaling pathway.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is commonly known as one of the most prominent reasons for cancer-related death in China. Ras homolog enriched in brain (RHEB) and the mammalian target activity of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway were found correlated with CRC, but their specific interaction in CRC was still to be investigated. Therefore, we explored whether RHEB gene silencing affected the cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis by directly targeting the mTOR signaling pathway in cells previously harvested from CRC patients.

microRNA-16-5p-containing exosomes derived from bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells inhibit proliferation, migration, and invasion, while promoting apoptosis of colorectal cancer cells by downregulating ITGA2.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a form of cancer developing from either the colon or rectum. Nowadays, research supports the functionality of exosome expressing microRNAs (miRNAs) as potential biomarker for various cancers including CRC. This study was performed with the intent of investigating the roles of both bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and exosomal miR-16-5p in CRC by regulating integrin α2 (ITGA2).

Colon Cancer Cell Secretes EGF to Promote M2 Polarization of TAM Through EGFR/PI3K/AKT/mTOR Pathway.

Background: Tumor environment has been recognized to affect cancer cell progression, such as tumor-associated macrophages. However, increasing evidences suggest that tumor cells are capable of regulating polarization of tumor-associated macrophages. In this study, we investigate the mechanism of how colon cancer cell impacts tumor-associated macrophages polarization.

[Option for different surgeries in treating small gastrointestinal stromal tumors].

To explore the differences in biological characteristics for the small gastrointestinal stromal tumors and the incidence of complications and recurrence between the traditional surgical treatment and endoscopic treatment.
 Methods: We collected the relevant clinical and pathological data from patients who were diagnosed as gastrointestinal stromal tumors with the diameter less than 2 cm by the Department of Pathology of Xiangya Hospital from January 2009 to December 2015. The complications and recurrence after the surgical treatment were analyzed.

MiR-29a inhibited intestinal epithelial cells autophagy partly by decreasing ATG9A in ulcerative colitis.

Ulcerative colitis (UC), with high morbidity has become one of the fastest-growing severe illnesses in the world. Although MiR-29a is highly expressed in the tissues of UC patients, the mechanism of miR-29a involved in the specific pathogenesis of UC is not known. In this study, a GFP-light chain 3 (LC3) immunofluorescence assay was used to observe the formation of the autophagic spot; qRT-PCR and western blotting analyses were carried out to detect the expression of autophagy-related proteins, including BECN1, Autophagy-related gene (ATG)5, ATG16L, and transcription factor EB.

Two-photon photodynamic ablation of tumor cells by mitochondria-targeted iridium(iii) complexes in aggregate states.

By integrating targeting, imaging and treatment, organelle-targeted photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been reported to be an effective strategy for cancer therapy. However, targeting leads to the accumulation of photosensitizers (PSs) in the targeted organelles, which leads to a reduction in O generation and fluorescence quenching, especially for the lipophilic mitochondria-targeted PSs. Moreover, because PSs always need exposure to light for a specific period, photobleaching is difficult to avoid.

Concomitant stromal tumor and early cancer of the stomach: What should be done?

Concomitant gastric stromal tumor (GST) and gastric cancer (GC) is uncommon; even more uncommon is a concomitant GST and early stage GC (EGC). Tumor resection by endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for concomitant GST and EGC has not been reported. We sought to define the clinical importance of detection of concomitant GST and EGC during the first esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD), and compare the clinical outcomes of ESD versus radical surgery for the treatment of concomitant GST and EGC.

Fluorinated cyclometalated iridium(iii) complexes as mitochondria-targeted theranostic anticancer agents.

Six cyclometalated iridium(iii) complexes bearing different numbers of fluorine atoms were synthesized. These complexes demonstrated much better anti-proliferation activities towards five tumour cell lines than the widely used clinical chemotherapeutic agent cisplatin. Moreover, the anti-proliferation activities were correlated to the number of substituted fluorine atoms.