Paediatric varicella epidemiology in urban Beijing, China, 2014-2023.

Data on the clinical epidemiology of varicella in Beijing, China, remain limited. Here, we present an analysis of paediatric varicella cases from 2014 to 2023, including 10,049 cases from two children's hospitals. A gradual decline in the number of varicella cases over this period, with a marked decrease in 2020 coinciding with non-pharmaceutical interventions implemented during the COVID-19 pandemic was observed.

Efficacy of compound betamethasone combined with ropivacaine in iliac fascial space nerve block analgesia.

To explore the anesthetic efficacy of ropivacaine combined with compound betamethasone in iliac fascial space nerve block analgesia (IFNBA) in patients receiving artificial femoral head replacement (AFHR), and to provide a theoretical basis for the selection of clinical anesthetic drugs. From January 2022 to June 2022, 70 patients requiring IFNBA analgesia undergoing AFHR surgery at our hospital were included in this prospective study. Using Excel randomization, 70 patients were divided into study group (n = 35) and control group (n = 35).

Assessing the applicability of the DOAC, HAS-BLED and ORBIT risk scores in Chinese patients on non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants.

Aims: The suitability of the DOAC score for assessing bleeding risk in Chinese patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) who are receiving non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) remains unclear. We compared the DOAC score to the HAS-BLED and ORBIT scores in Chinese patients in a real-world retrospective study.

Methods: The efficacy of these scores was assessed by a comparison study that measured their discrimination, calibration, net reclassification index (NRI), and decision curve analysis (DCA) over a 1-year follow-up period.

Gut-liver translocation of pathogen Klebsiella pneumoniae promotes hepatocellular carcinoma in mice.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is accompanied by an altered gut microbiota but whether the latter contributes to carcinogenesis is unclear. Here we show that faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) using stool samples from patients with HCC spontaneously initiate liver inflammation, fibrosis and dysplasia in wild-type mice, and accelerate disease progression in a mouse model of HCC. We find that HCC-FMT results in gut barrier injury and translocation of live bacteria to the liver.

Reversing Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Associated Cardiotoxicity via Bioorthogonal Metabolic Engineering-Driven Extracellular Vesicle Redirecting.

The cardiotoxicity induced by immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) is associated with high mortality rates. T cells play an important role in ICI-induced cardiac injury. The inhibition of local T-cell activity is considered an effective strategy for alleviating ICI-related cardiotoxicity.

Harnessing the Unconventional Cubic Phase in 2D LaNiO Perovskite for Highly Efficient Urea Oxidation.

Phase engineering is a critical strategy in electrocatalysis, as it allows for the modulation of electronic, geometric, and chemical properties to directly influence the catalytic performance. Despite its potential, phase engineering remains particularly challenging in thermodynamically stable perovskites, especially in a 2D structure constraint. Herein, we report phase engineering in 2D LaNiO perovskite using the strongly non-equilibrium microwave shock method.

Cd exposure confers β-cypermethrin tolerance in Lymantria dispar by activating the ROS/CnCC signaling pathway-mediated P450 detoxification.

Heavy metal pollutants are important abiotic environmental factors affecting pest habitats. In this study, Cd pre-exposure significantly increased the tolerance of Lymantria dispar larvae to β-cypermethrin, but did not significantly alter their tolerance to λ-cyhalothrin and bifenthrin. The activation of P450 by Cd exposure is the key mechanism that induces insecticide cross-tolerance in L.

Post-marketing safety of finerenone: a disproportionality analysis of the FDA adverse event reporting system.

Background: Finerenone was approved for the treatment of type 2 diabetes patients with chronic kidney disease. However, the post-marketing safety of finerenone in the real world is unknown.

Methods: The quarterly reported data related to finerenone from the third quarter of 2021 to the second quarter of 2023 were collected by using the FAERS database.

Co-immobilization of crosslinked enzyme aggregates on lysozyme functionalized magnetic nanoparticles for enhancing stability and activity.

Surface chemistry of carriers plays a key role in enzyme loading capacity, structure rigidity, and thus catalyze activity of immobilized enzymes. In this work, the two model enzymes of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) and glucose oxidase (GOx) are co-immobilized on the lysozyme functionalized magnetic core-shell nanocomposites (LYZ@MCSNCs) to enhance their stability and activity. Briefly, the HRP and GOx aggregates are firstly formed under the crosslinker of trimesic acid, in which the loading amount and the rigidity of the enzyme can be further increased.

Statin-Associated Liver Dysfunction and Muscle Injury: epidemiology, Mechanisms, and Management Strategies.

Surveillance of drug safety is an important aspect in the routine medical care. Adverse events caused by real-world drug utilization has become one of the leading causes of death and an urgent issue in the field of toxicology. Cardiovascular disease is now the leading cause of fatal diseases in most countries, especially in the elderly population who often suffer from multiple diseases and need long-term multidrug therapy.

Bifunctional MNPs@UIO-66-Arg core-shell-satellite nanocomposites for enrichment of phosphopeptides.

A facile and mild method based on self-assembled lysozyme (LYZ) to fabricate bifunctional MNPs@UIO-66-Arg core-shell-satellite nanocomposites (CSSNCs) is reported for the high-efficiency enrichment of phosphopeptides. Under physiological conditions, LYZ rapidly self-assembled into a robust coating on FeO@SiO magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) with abundant surface functional groups, which effectively mediate heterogeneous nucleation and growth of UIO-66 nanocrystals. Well-defined MNPs@UIO-66 CSSNCs with stacked pores, showing high specific surface area (333.

Left ventricular global longitudinal strain using a novel fully automated method: A head-to-head comparison with a manual layer-specific strain and establishment of normal reference ranges.

Background: A novel automated method for measuring left ventricular (LV) global longitudinal strain (GLS) along the endocardium has advantages in terms of its rapid application and excellent reproducibility. However, it remains unclear whether the available normal range for conventional GLS using the manual method is applicable to the automated GLS method. This study aimed to compare automated GLS head-to-head with manual layer-specific GLS, and to identify whether a specialized normal reference range for automated GLS is needed and explore the main determinants.

Facile fabrication of Ti-immobilized magnetic nanoparticles by phase-transitioned lysozyme nanofilms for enrichment of phosphopeptides.

In this study, titanium (IV)-immobilized magnetic nanoparticles (Ti-PTL-MNPs) were firstly synthesized via a one-step aqueous self-assembly of lysozyme nanofilms for efficient phosphopeptide enrichment. Under physiological conditions, lysozymes readily self-organized into phase-transitioned lysozyme (PTL) nanofilms on FeO@SiO and FeO@C MNP surfaces with abundant functional groups, including -NH, -COOH, -OH, and -SH, which can be used as multiple linkers to efficiently chelate Ti. The obtained Ti-PTL-MNPs possessed high sensitivity of 0.

Case Report: Acute cerebral infarction as the initial manifestation of malignant tumors with trousseau syndrome in the elderly.

Both acute cerebral infarction and malignant tumors are prevalent in the elderly. However, acute cerebral infarction is rarely present as the first clinical manifestation of malignant tumors. By searching the Picture Archiving and Communication System from 2010 to 2022 and the medical record database from 2003 to 2022, we found three cases of Trousseau syndrome, one male and two females with an average age of 69.

Lentinan protects Caenorhabditis elegans against fluopyram-induced toxicity through DAF-16 and SKN-1 pathways.

Fluopyram, a SDH inhibitor fungicide, is widely used in agriculture to control fungi and nematodes. However, fluopyram has been proved toxic that caused damage to organs through oxidative stress. The development of natural extracts that can reduce oxidative damage is a promising method.

Traditional Medicine Pien Tze Huang Suppresses Colorectal Tumorigenesis Through Restoring Gut Microbiota and Metabolites.

Background & Aims: Pien Tze Huang (PZH) is a well-established traditional medicine with beneficial effects against inflammation and cancer. We aimed to explore the chemopreventive effect of PZH in colorectal cancer (CRC) through modulating gut microbiota.

Methods: CRC mouse models were established by azoxymethane plus dextran sulfate sodium treatment or in Apc mice treated with or without PZH (270 mg/kg and 540 mg/kg).

Research progress on desensitization of hypersensitivity reaction to iodinated contrast media.

Desensitization therapy for iodinated contrast media (ICM) aims to induce drug tolerance in patients with a history of severe allergic reactions to ICM in a short time. Currently, there is no widely accepted consensus on inducing desensitization to avoid severe allergic responses to ICM. The clinically successful cases have shown that prophylactic use of antihistamines and glucocorticoids can increase the desensitization effect; repeatedly desensitizing and gradually increasing the dose can be conducive to establishing better tolerance to ICM.

Normal reference values for mitral annular plane systolic excursion by motion-mode and speckle tracking echocardiography: a prospective, multicentre, population-based study.

Aims: Mitral annular plane systolic excursion (MAPSE) is a simple and reliable index for evaluating left ventricular (LV) systolic function, particularly in patients with poor image quality; however, the lack of reference values limits its widespread use. This study aimed to establish the normal ranges for MAPSE measured using motion-mode (M-mode) and two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography (2D-STE) and to explore its principal determinants.

Methods And Results: This multicentre, prospective, cross-sectional study included 1952 healthy participants [840 men (43%); age range, 18-80 years] from 55 centres.

Corilagin attenuates morphine-induced BV2 microglial activation and inflammation via regulating TLR2-mediated endoplasmic reticulum stress.

Morphine-induced microglia activation and neuroinflammation have been considered as the contributors of morphine tolerance. Corilagin (Cori) has been reported to exhibit strong anti-inflammatory property. The present study aims to investigate whether and how Cori alleviates morphine-induced neuroinflammation and microglia activation.

The ontogenic gonadal transcriptomes provide insights into sex change in the ricefield eel Monopterus albus.

Background: The ricefield eel is a freshwater protogynous hermaphrodite fish and has become an important aquaculture species in China. The sex change of ricefield eel is impeding its aquaculture practice, particularly the large-scale artificial breeding. Many studies including transcriptomes of mixed gonadal samples from different individuals have been aimed to elucidate mechanisms underlying the sex change.

What is the degree of social disability risk in China under the background of the aging population? Social disability risk measurement index system design and evaluation research based on China.

Objective: The impact of the aging population in China varies between regions. It is because regions with different resource endowments, such as those related to economy, population, and medical care, have different degrees of disability risk in the face of the increases in the disabled and semi-disabled older population caused by the overall aging of the population. This study aimed to construct an evaluation system to monitor and measure the degree of social disability risk in different regions in China and to evaluate and compare the degree of social disability risk in different regions using empirical data.

Decoy Exosomes Offer Protection Against Chemotherapy-Induced Toxicity.

Cancer patients often face severe organ toxicity caused by chemotherapy. Among these, chemotherapy-induced hepatotoxicity and cardiotoxicity are the main causes of death of cancer patients. Chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity even creates a new discipline termed "cardio-oncology".

Integrative Genomic and Transcriptomic Analysis of Primary Malignant Gliomas Revealed Different Patterns Between Grades and Somatic Mutations Related to Glioblastoma Prognosis.

As reflected in the WHO classification of glioma since 2020, genomic information has been an important criterion in addition to histology for glioma classification. There is a significant intergrade difference as well as intragrade difference of survival probability among glioma patients. Except the molecular criteria used in the WHO classification, few studies have explored other genomic factors that may be underlying these survival differences, especially in Chinese populations.