Publications by authors named "Mian Zhou"

The intertwining between the life cycle of plants and their pathogens made the plant circadian clock an integral constituent of the plant immune system. Reciprocally, pathogens were also found to perturb the expression pattern of certain clock genes. However, how pathogens influence clock components remains largely unknown.

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Background: This study aimed to investigate the modulatory role of prefrontal cortex (PFC) activity in older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) when sensory cues were removed or presented inaccurately (i.e., increased sensory complexity) during sensory manipulation of a balance task.

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Efficient DNA replication requires highly coordinated programs for the timely recruitment of protein complexes to DNA replication forks. Defects in this process result in replication stress, which in turn activates cell cycle checkpoints, suppresses cell proliferation and induces apoptosis. In response to persistent cell growth signals that speed up DNA replication processes, cells accelerate the recruitment of DNA replication proteins to avoid DNA replication stress.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study talks about how gut injuries can cause serious problems in the lungs and how a new treatment called MOP3 can help reduce these issues.
  • MOP3 works by helping the body clear out a harmful protein called eCIRP, which is released during gut injuries.
  • The research found that MOP3 can lower inflammation, decrease cell damage, and improve survival rates in mice after gut injuries.
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Stress granules (SGs) are conserved reversible cytoplasmic condensates enriched with aggregation-prone proteins assembled in response to various stresses. How plants regulate SG dynamics is unclear. Here, we show that 26S proteasome is a stable component of SGs, promoting the overall clearance of SGs without affecting the molecular mobility of SG components.

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Introduction: P. pastoris is a common host for effective biosynthesis of heterologous proteins as well as small molecules. Accurate regulation of gene transcription and protein synthesis is necessary to coordinate synthetic gene circuits and optimize cellular energy distribution.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study looked at how a protein called eCIRP affects immune cells during sepsis, a serious infection.* -
  • It found that eCIRP helps increase the levels of BMAL2, another important protein, which makes those immune cells less reactive to harmful substances.* -
  • Mice without TREM-1, a receptor involved in this process, showed that eCIRP's effects were reduced, suggesting TREM-1 plays a crucial role.*
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Fluorescence-related experimental techniques play an important role in biochemistry, molecular biology, and cell biology. However, fluorescence-related experiments are rarely included in the laboratory courses of most Chinese universities. This is mainly due to the conflict between large class size (50-60 students in one room) and funding/space limitations to purchase and accommodate enough fluorescence detection equipment.

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Article Synopsis
  • Macrophages are important immune cells that help fight off bacteria, especially after a person has been exposed to radiation.
  • Researchers found that when the body is exposed to radiation, a protein called eCIRP is released, which makes it harder for macrophages to eat up bacteria.
  • By blocking eCIRP, scientists were able to help macrophages regain their ability to fight off bacteria after radiation, suggesting a new way to help prevent infections in those who have had radiation exposure.
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Background: Maintaining venous access is of great clinical importance. Running a slow continuous infusion to keep the vein open (KVO) is often used in peripheral intravenous catheters (PIVCs). Previous studies have compared the effects of intermittent flushing and continuous infusion via peripherally inserted central catheters (PICCs).

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Nucleases are a super family of enzymes that hydrolyze phosphodiester bonds present in genomes. They widely vary in substrates, causing differentiation in cleavage patterns and having a diversified role in maintaining genetic material. Through cellular evolution of prokaryotic to eukaryotic, nucleases become structure-specific in recognizing its own or foreign genomic DNA/RNA configurations as its substrates, including flaps, bubbles, and Holliday junctions.

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Both lecture and laboratory courses of biochemistry are important professional courses for undergraduates with biology related majors. Course optimization and update is crucial but challenging, especially for the laboratory course. Although taught separately, here we showed a strategy to bridge the two courses and promote the improvement of both.

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Background: This study aimed to compare the balance ability and functional brain oxygenation in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) among older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) under single and dual tasks, and also investigate their relationship. Neural regulatory mechanisms of the brain in the MCI were shed light on in balance control conditions.

Methods: 21 older adults with MCI (female = 12, age: 71.

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Apart from its role in translation, codon bias is also an important mechanism to regulate mRNA levels. The traditional frequency-based codon optimization strategy is rather efficient in organisms such as N. crassa, but much less in yeast P.

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Background: Central venous catheters are widely used in clinical practice, and the incidence of central venous catheter occlusion is between 25 % and 38 %. The turbulence caused by the pulsatile flushing technique is harmful to the vascular endothelium and may lead to phlebitis. The low-speed continuous infusion catheter technique is a new type of continuous infusion that ensures that the catheter is always in a keep-vein-open state by continuous low-speed flushing; hence, avoiding the problem of catheter occlusion.

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Objective: This study aimed to assess the static balance ability of the older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) while standing on soft and hard support surfaces.

Methods: Forty older adults participated in this study (21 in the MCI group and 19 in the control group). Participants were required to perform balance tests under four conditions of standing: standing on a hard support surface with eyes open, standing on a soft support surface with eyes open, standing on a hard support surface with eyes closed, and standing on a soft support surface with eyes closed.

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Phenolic acids (PAs) secreted by donor plants suppress the growth of their susceptible plant neighbours. However, how structurally diverse ensembles of PAs are perceived by plants to mediate interspecific competition remains a mystery. Here we show that a plant stress granule (SG) marker, RNA-BINDING PROTEIN 47B (RBP47B), is a sensor of PAs in Arabidopsis.

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Purpose: Pichia pastoris is well known for its ability to produce short and low-immunogenic humanized glycosyl chains onto recombinant glycoproteins, it was thus speculated to be applicable to synthesize oligosaccharides. In this study, generally recognized as safe (GRAS) microorganism Pichia pastoris GS115 was tested for its potential to be used as a new synthetic chassis to produce the most abundant human milk oligosaccharide 2'-fucosyllactose (2'-FL).

Methods: To enable the de novo synthesis of 2'-FL, lactose transporter lac12, two enzymes of gmd, gmer, and fucosyltransferases futC were integrated into the genome of P.

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Article Synopsis
  • In sepsis, a serious condition caused by infections, certain immune cells called macrophages struggle to eat and destroy bacteria, and scientists wanted to understand why.
  • The study found that a protein called eCIRP makes things worse by causing more inflammation and reducing how well macrophages can clear bacteria from the body.
  • By blocking the effects of eCIRP, researchers discovered they could help restore the ability of macrophages to fight off infections, suggesting a new way to treat sepsis.
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How cells with DNA replication defects acquire mutations that allow them to escape apoptosis under environmental stress is a long-standing question. Here, we report that an error-prone Okazaki fragment maturation (OFM) pathway is activated at restrictive temperatures in Δ yeast cells. Restrictive temperature stress activated Dun1, facilitating transformation of unprocessed 5′ flaps into 3′ flaps, which were removed by 3′ nucleases, including DNA polymerase δ (Polδ).

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As a common phenomenon existing in almost all genomes, codon usage bias has been studied for a long time. Codon optimization is a frequently used strategy to accelerate protein synthesis rate. Besides regulating protein translation speed, codon usage bias has also be reported to affect co-translation folding and transcription.

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In this information era, there is an urgent need for tighter integration of bioinformatics and experimental biology. The enormous amount of data generated by biological experiments calls for extensive computational analysis. Many bioinformatics textbooks at present mainly focus on theories, which hinders the vigorous development of scientific research.

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