Unmet health care needs over the first 2 years after pediatric traumatic brain injury.

Aim: Few studies have addressed how children and adolescents with traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) access health care and educational services. This study aimed to investigate the course of symptoms during the first two years after TBI, whether symptoms implied a need for health care and/or educational services, and the extent of unmet needs. The association between unmet needs and health-related quality of life was also explored.

Almost half of children and adolescents had unmet need 6 months after their traumatic brain injury.

Aim: Very few studies have focused on how children with traumatic brain injuries (TBI) access and use publicly funded healthcare and educational services. We aimed to compare the symptoms, recovery and service use of children with TBIs and a control group with other traumatic injuries.

Methods: This case-control study was conducted at Oslo University Hospital, Norway, from 2015 to 2020.

Violence and sexual abuse rates before and during the Covid-19 pandemic: A prospective population-based study on Norwegian youth.

Background: Considerable concern is raised as to whether the pandemic has led to an increase in violence and sexual abuse against children.

Objective: The present study objective is to provide rates of violence and sexual abuse against adolescents the year before the pandemic compared to one year into the pandemic.

Participants And Setting: Two samples of Norwegian 12-16-year-olds were approached.

The regulatory role of affective inhibitory control in somatic symptoms among adolescents exposed to child maltreatment: a population-based study.

Adolescents exposed to child maltreatment are at increased risk for various somatic symptoms, but which psychological factors that contribute to this relationship need to be further investigated. Emotion dysregulation is suggested to serve as a proximal link between child maltreatment and somatic complaints. The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether individual differences in affective inhibitory control, a central component in implicit emotion regulation, contribute to the risk of somatic symptoms in adolescents exposed to child maltreatment.

Epidemiology of traumatic brain injury in children 15 years and younger in South-Eastern Norway in 2015-16. Implications for prevention and follow-up needs.

Objective: This retrospective study aimed to describe the volume, severity, and injury mechanism of all hospital-admitted pediatric traumatic brain injury (pTBI) at Oslo University Hospital (OUH), emphasizing consequences for prevention and factors indicating a need for follow-up programs.

Method: Data were extracted from the OUH Trauma registry on 176 children, 0-15 years old, admitted to OUH in 2015 and 2016 with a pTBI diagnosis. The dataset contains demographic data, injury mechanism, type, and severity (Glasgow coma scale, GCS; abbreviated injury scale, AIS; injury severity score, ISS), ICD-10 diagnosis codes, level of treatment, and destination of discharge.

Cohort profile: Norwegian youth study on child maltreatment (the UEVO study).

Purpose: Exposure to childhood maltreatment is not uncommon, and is linked to both short-term and long-term health problems. Population-based surveys for adolescent samples provide excellent opportunities for addressing the substantial burden of early-life adversities, because collecting information close in time to exposure may increase accuracy of assessment. Still few large studies have been conducted, following individuals through adolescence.

Adolescent abuse victims displayed physical health complaints and trauma symptoms during post disclosure interviews.

Aim: We investigated whether adolescents who had recently disclosed sexual abuse or family violence displayed more psychological trauma symptoms and physical health complaints than unaffected controls. We also investigated to what degree physical health complaints were associated with trauma symptoms in these abuse victims.

Methods: Abuse, trauma symptoms and physical health complaints were assessed during face-to-face interviews with 40 sexual abuse victims and 35 family violence victims aged 10-18 years.

Evaluating a Web-Based Health-Promoting Dialogue Tool in School Health Services: Feasibility and User Experiences.

Adolescence is a sensitive period in life and a time to redefine and learn new skills. In Norway, school health services provide individual health-promoting consultations with all eighth-grade students. As an aid to support these consultations, a dialogue tool called SchoolHealth was developed using a co-creation approach.

Am I an island? A network analysis exploring aspects of social landscapes after childhood violence.

Objective: Exposure to violence during childhood can have severe long-term consequences for social relationships. In the current study, we sought to disentangle some of the phenomena involved by utilizing a network approach to study the perceptions of aspects of social landscapes in young adulthood of victims of childhood violence.

Method: We used network analysis to describe the connections between perceived positive social support, barriers to social support, violence-related shame, childhood family cohesion, and perceived negative responses from others for 443 individuals exposed to childhood violence.

The mediating role of posttraumatic stress reactions in the relationship between child abuse and physical health complaints in adolescence and young adulthood.

: Child abuse is associated with physical health problems in adolescence and adulthood, but the mechanisms involved are unclear. A possible mediating effect of posttraumatic stress reactions (PTSR) linking child abuse with later physical health complaints has not been fully investigated. : The current study investigated whether PTSR could be a potential mediator in the relationship between child abuse and physical health complaints in adolescents and young adults.

Bullying in School: Importance of and Challenges Involved in Talking to the School Nurse.

Bullying has negative consequences for health and quality of life of students. This study is part of a pilot project, "School Health," which included a web-based questionnaire completed by students before a consultation with the school nurse. The aim of this study was to explore how students experience answering questions about bullying before an individual consultation and how they talk about bullying with the school nurse.

Shame predicts revictimization in victims of childhood violence: A prospective study of a general Norwegian population sample.

Objective: Victims of childhood violence often experience new victimization in adult life. However, risk factors for such revictimization are poorly understood. In this longitudinal study, we investigated whether violence-related shame and guilt were associated with revictimization.

The Social Context of Violence: A Study of Repeated Victimization in Adolescents and Young Adults.

Multiple factors may influence the risk of exposure to childhood violence and repeated victimization, although most research has focused on individual rather than contextual factors. Moreover, it is unclear whether family background factors associated with exposure to childhood violence also are associated with revictimization in young adulthood. This article investigates individual and contextual factors associated with childhood abuse and revictimization.

Violence against children, later victimisation, and mental health: a cross-sectional study of the general Norwegian population.

Background: Violence in childhood is associated with mental health problems and risk of revictimisation. Less is known about the relative importance of the various types of childhood and adult victimisation for adult mental health.

Objective: To estimate the associations between various types of childhood and adult violence exposure, and their combined associations to adult mental health.

Maternal childhood abuse predicts externalizing behaviour in toddlers: a prospective cohort study.

Aims: To investigate the impact of maternal childhood abuse on toddlers' behaviour and assess the potential mediation of maternal mental distress for this pathway.

Methods: This study was based on the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study, conducted by the Norwegian Institute of Public Health. The study sample consisted of 25,452 children and their mothers.

Familial factors and child characteristics as predictors of injuries in toddlers: a prospective cohort study.

Objective: To identify family and child characteristics that put toddlers at risk of injuries.

Design: A prospective cohort study.

Setting: This study was based on the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study, conducted by the Norwegian Institute of Public Health.

[A newborn infant with hyperventilation].

Respiratory alkalosis is an early sign of urea cycle disorder. A high level of plasma ammonia will strengthen this suspicion. It is of great importance to transfer the infant as soon as possible to a unit capable of giving specific treatment with Na-benzoate, Na-phenylbutyrate, argininchloride and carglumic acid.