Adherence Promotion With Tailored Motivational Messages: Proof of Concept and Message Preferences in Older Adults.

This study examined the feasibility of using tailored text messages to promote adherence to longitudinal protocols and determined what facets of text message tone influence motivation. Forty-three older adults ( = 73.21,  = 5.

Annotation and Information Extraction of Consumer-Friendly Health Articles for Enhancing Laboratory Test Reporting.

Viewing laboratory test results is patients' most frequent activity when accessing patient portals, but lab results can be very confusing for patients. Previous research has explored various ways to present lab results, but few have attempted to provide tailored information support based on individual patient's medical context. In this study, we collected and annotated interpretations of textual lab result in 251 health articles about laboratory tests from AHealthyMe.

Engaging Adolescent Heart Transplant Recipients Through In-App Messaging During Mobile Health Intervention.

Adolescents heart transplant recipients experience difficulty with adherence to immunosuppressive medication leading to increased risk of organ rejection, hospitalization, and mortality. Few interventions have been successful to promote medication adherence in adolescent heart transplant patients as most fail to engage the patient in the behavioral change process and support patient-provider communication. The purpose of this study was to explore the nature and degree of in-app communication between adolescent heart transplant recipients and nursing staff during an asynchronous mobile video directly observed therapy intervention.

Terms of Engagement: Understanding the Motivations, Preferences, and Attitudes of Older Adults Toward Mobile Cognitive Assessment and Training.

Background And Objectives: The future of cognitive assessment is likely to involve mobile applications for smartphones and tablets; cognitive training is also often delivered in these formats. Unfortunately, low adherence to these programs can hinder efforts at the early detection of cognitive decline and interfere with examining cognitive training efficacy in clinical trials. We explored factors that increase adherence to these programs among older adults.

Deep learning-based predictions of older adults' adherence to cognitive training to support training efficacy.

As the population ages, the number of older adults experiencing mild cognitive impairment (MCI), Alzheimer's disease, and other forms of dementia will increase dramatically over the next few decades. Unfortunately, cognitive changes associated with these conditions threaten independence and quality of life. To address this, researchers have developed promising cognitive training interventions to help prevent or reverse cognitive decline and cognitive impairment.

A Machine-Learning Based Approach for Predicting Older Adults' Adherence to Technology-Based Cognitive Training.

Adequate adherence is a necessary condition for success with any intervention, including for computerized cognitive training designed to mitigate age-related cognitive decline. Tailored prompting systems offer promise for promoting adherence and facilitating intervention success. However, developing adherence support systems capable of just-in-time adaptive reminders requires understanding the factors that predict adherence, particularly an imminent adherence lapse.

Directly observed therapy to promote medication adherence in adolescent heart transplant recipients.

Purpose: HT recipients experience high levels of medication non-adherence during adolescence. This pilot study examined the acceptability and feasibility of an asynchronous DOT mHealth application among adolescent HT recipients. The app facilitates tracking of patients' dose-by-dose adherence and enables transplant team members to engage patients.

Motivation to Engage in Aging Research: Are There Typologies and Predictors?

Background And Objectives: Study recruitment and retention of older adults in research studies is a major challenge. Enhancing understanding of individual differences in motivations to participate, and predictors of motivators, can serve the dual aims of facilitating the recruitment and retention of older adults, benefiting study validity, economy, and power.

Research Design And Methods: Older adults (N = 472) past and potential participants were surveyed about motivations to participate in research, demographic, and individual difference measures (e.

An Informatics Framework to Assess Consumer Health Language Complexity Differences: Proof-of-Concept Study.

Background: The language gap between health consumers and health professionals has been long recognized as the main hindrance to effective health information comprehension. Although providing health information access in consumer health language (CHL) is widely accepted as the solution to the problem, health consumers are found to have varying health language preferences and proficiencies. To simplify health documents for heterogeneous consumer groups, it is important to quantify how CHLs are different in terms of complexity among various consumer groups.

Perceived Active Control over Online Health Information: Underlying Mechanisms of Mode Tailoring Effects on Website Attitude and Information Recall.

Previous tailoring research has traditionally studied effects of system-initiated to match individual characteristics. Recently scholars have explored how tailoring health information to individual modality preferences and processing styles can increase message effectiveness. Using a web-based experiment among a representative sample of Internet users ( = 392; 25-86 years), this study investigated the underlying mechanisms that might explain the effects of on website attitudes and recall of online health information.

Systematic review of the information and communication technology features of web- and mobile-based psychoeducational interventions for depression.

Objective: To examine the information and communication technology (ICT) features of psychoeducational interventions for depression delivered via the Internet or via mobile technology.

Methods: Web- and mobile-based psychoeducational intervention studies published from 2004 to 2014 were selected and reviewed by two independent coders.

Results: A total of 55 unique studies satisfied the selection criteria.

A model of tailoring effects: A randomized controlled trial examining the mechanisms of tailoring in a web-based STD screening intervention.

Objective: This study explores the mechanisms of tailoring within the context of RU@Risk a brief Web-based intervention designed to promote sexually transmitted disease (STD) testing among young adults. This is one of a few studies to empirically examine theorized message processing mechanisms of tailoring and persuasion outcomes in a single model.

Method: Sexually active college students (N = 1065) completed a pretest, were randomly assigned to explore a tailored or nontailored website, completed a posttest, and were offered the opportunity to order a free at-home STD test kit.

Predictors of provider recommendation for HPV vaccine among young adult men and women: findings from a cross-sectional survey.

Background: Although physician recommendation is one of the strongest predictors of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination, it is unclear for whom physicians are recommending the vaccine. To help guide intervention efforts, this study investigated predictors of participant-reported physician recommendation for HPV vaccine among young adults in the USA.

Methods: Women and men (N=223) aged 18-26 years were recruited online through Craigslist, a popular classified advertisements website.

A meta-analysis of web-delivered tailored health behavior change interventions.

Web-based tailored intervention programs show considerable promise in effecting health-promoting behaviors and improving health outcomes across a variety of medical conditions and patient populations. This meta-analysis compares the effects of tailored versus nontailored web-based interventions on health behaviors and explores the influence of key moderators on treatment outcomes. Forty experimental and quasi-experimental studies (N =20,180) met criteria for inclusion and were analyzed using meta-analytic procedures.

Increasing human papillomavirus vaccine acceptability by tailoring messages to young adult women's perceived barriers.

Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination is a safe and effective primary prevention strategy for cervical cancer. Despite the need for effective HPV vaccination interventions, relatively few have been tested. Moreover, existing interventions have tended to use a one-size-fits-all educational approach.

Exploring digital divides: an examination of eHealth technology use in health information seeking, communication and personal health information management in the USA.

Recent government initiatives to deploy health information technology in the USA, coupled with a growing body of scholarly evidence linking online heath information and positive health-related behaviors, indicate a widespread belief that access to health information and health information technologies can help reduce healthcare inequalities. However, it is less clear whether the benefits of greater access to online health information and health information technologies is equitably distributed across population groups, particularly to those who are underserved. To examine this issue, this article employs the 2007 Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS) to investigate relationships between a variety of socio-economic variables and the use of the web-based technologies for health information seeking, personal health information management and patient-provider communication within the context of the USA.

Assessing the Relationship Between Perceived Message Sensation Value and Perceived Message Effectiveness: Analysis of PSAs From an Effective Campaign.

The current study is an analysis of public service announcements (PSAs) from an effective safer sex campaign that utilized a sensation-seeking targeting (SENTAR) approach. Two random samples of heterosexually active young adults (sample one N = N = 895) viewed different sets of safer sex PSAs on a laptop computer and answered questions about their perceived sensation value and perceived effectiveness. Multiple regression analyses examined the impact of (a) demographic, (b) individual difference, (c) sexual context, and (d) message variables including perceived message sensation value (PMSV) on the perceived message effectiveness (PME) of the PSAs.

Computer-tailored health interventions delivered over the Web: review and analysis of key components.

Objective: This systematic review explores how computer-tailored, behavioral interventions implemented and delivered via the Web have been operationalized in a variety of settings.

Methods: Computer-tailored, online behavioral intervention studies published from 1996 to early 2007 were selected and reviewed by two independent coders.

Results: Of 503 studies screened, 30 satisfied the selection criteria.

A review of web-assisted interventions for diabetes management: maximizing the potential for improving health outcomes.

Current endeavors in diabetes care focus on helping patients and providers deal successfully with the complexities of the disease by improving the system of care, expanding the reach of interventions, and empowering patients to engage in self-care behaviors. Internet technologies that combine the broad reach of mass media with the interactive capabilities of interpersonal media provide a wide range of advantages over standard modes of delivery. The technical affordances of Web delivery enable individualization or tailoring, appropriately timed reinforcement of educational messages, social support, improved feedback, and increased engagement.

Predictors of online information seeking by international students when disaster strikes their countries.

This study explores factors influencing international students' likelihood of using the Internet to seek disaster-related information should a disaster affect their countries. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in two universities in America between August 1 and September 30, 2005. Two hundred twenty-nine (n = 229) students completed the self-administered questionnaires.

Effects of a televised two-city safer sex mass media campaign targeting high-sensation-seeking and impulsive-decision-making young adults.

This study evaluates the ability of a safer sex televised public service announcement (PSA) campaign to increase safer sexual behavior among at-risk young adults. Independent, monthly random samples of 100 individuals were surveyed in each city for 21 months as part of an interrupted-time-series design with a control community. The 3-month high-audience-saturation campaign took place in Lexington, KY, with Knoxville, TN, as a comparison city.

Review of interactive safer sex Web sites: practice and potential.

The Internet is increasingly being viewed as a health promotion tool with enormous potential. However, this potential cannot be realized if Web sites do not utilize the features that make the Internet a "hybrid" mass and interpersonal communication medium. The purpose of this study was to examine interactive safer sex Web sites on a number of dimensions.