Factors Affecting Breast Cancer Detectability on Digital Breast Tomosynthesis and Two-Dimensional Digital Mammography in Patients with Dense Breasts.

Objective: To compare digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) and conventional full-field digital mammography (FFDM) in the detectability of breast cancers in patients with dense breast tissue, and to determine the influencing factors in the detection of breast cancers using the two techniques.

Materials And Methods: Three blinded radiologists independently graded cancer detectability of 300 breast cancers (288 women with dense breasts) on DBT and conventional FFDM images, retrospectively. Hormone status, histologic grade, T stage, and breast cancer subtype were recorded to identify factors affecting cancer detectability.

PGRP negatively regulates NOD-mediated cytokine production in rainbow trout liver cells.

Pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) initiate innate immunity via pathogen recognition. Recent studies suggest that signalling pathways downstream of different PRRs and their crosstalk effectively control immune responses. However, the cross-regulation among PRRs and its effects have yet to be fully described in fish.

Pharmacokinetic comparison of controlled- and immediate-release formulations of dexibuprofen after single and multiple oral doses in fasting healthy male Korean volunteers.

Background: Dexibuprofen is a pure S(+)-enantiomer product of racemic ibuprofen. A new extended-release form of dexibuprofen has recently been developed.

Objective: We aimed to compare pharmacokinetic characteristics of controlled-release (CR) and immediate-release (IR) formulations of dexibuprofen after single and multiple oral doses in fasting healthy male Korean volunteers.

The hormone receptor, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2, and molecular subtype status of individual tumor foci in multifocal/multicentric invasive ductal carcinoma of breast.

Multifocal/multicentric breast cancers are common. However, investigations of biomarkers such as estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 in individual tumor foci of such cancers are rare. This study was designed to evaluate the status of the hormone receptors, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2, and its molecular subtypes in individual foci of multifocal/multicentric invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast and to identify the factors associated with the different phenotypes of individual foci.

Murine immune responses to a Plasmodium vivax-derived chimeric recombinant protein expressed in Brassica napus.

Background: To develop a plant-based vaccine against Plasmodium vivax, two P. vivax candidate proteins were chosen. First, the merozoite surface protein-1 (MSP-1), a major asexual blood stage antigen that is currently considered a strong vaccine candidate.

LCD versus CRT monitors for digital mammography: a comparison of observer performance for the detection of clustered microcalcifications and masses.

Background: There are two types of soft-copy display of digital mammograms, cathode-ray tube (CRT) and liquid-crystal display (LCD) monitors, and these present different resolutions and noise characteristics.

Purpose: To compare observer performances for the detection of clustered microcalcifications and masses in digital mammograms, using LCD and CRT monitors.

Material And Methods: Four radiologists evaluated 100 digital mammograms.

Response of brain specific microenvironment to P-glycoprotein inhibitor: an important factor determining therapeutic effect of P-glycoprotein inhibitor on brain metastatic tumors.

P-glycoprotein (P-gp), a factor responsible for the multidrug resistance of tumors, is specifically expressed in brain microenvironment. To test its roles in brain metastatic tumor chemoresistance, we implanted the paclitaxel-sensitive melanoma cell line, K1735, into the skin or brain of mice and examined its paclitaxel resistances. When implanted into the skin, paclitaxel inhibited tumor growth, however, it had no inhibitory effect on cells implanted into the brain.

Chain-branched 1,3-dibenzylthioureas as vanilloid receptor 1 antagonists.

A series of chain-branched 1,3-dibenzylthiourea derivatives were synthesized, and tested their antagonist activity against vanilloid receptor 1. Chain-branching led to a significant change in the mode of action and the potency. (R)-Methyl or ethyl-branched 1,3-dibenzylthiourea derivatives showed the most potent antagonist activity up to the IC(50) value of 0.