[The Effect of Socioeconomic Status to Depression of Perimenopause Women: Pathway Analysis Using the Reserve Capacity Model].

Purpose: Based on the Reserve Capacity Model, this study investigated the effects of pre- and postmenopausal women's socioeconomic status (SES) on depression, focusing on the mediating effects of self-esteem, happiness, and family relationship satisfaction with social network relationships.

Methods: This cross-sectional study involved secondary analysis of national data on 771 perimenopause women gathered from the 16th Korea Welfare Panel Study (KOWEPS) 2021. A path analysis model was constructed to evaluate the relationship between SES, social network satisfaction, self-esteem, perceived health status, and depression.

Diagnosis and Simultaneous Treatment of Musculoskeletal Injury Using HO-Triggered Echogenic Antioxidant Polymer Nanoparticles in a Rat Model of Contusion Injury.

Ultrasound is clinically used for diagnosis and interventions for musculoskeletal injuries like muscle contusion, but contrast of ultrasonography still remains a challenge in the field of the musculoskeletal system. A level of hydrogen peroxide (HO) is known to be elevated during mechanical tissue damage and therefore HO can be exploited as a diagnostic and therapeutic marker for mechanical injuries in the musculoskeletal system. We previously developed poly(vanillin-oxalate) (PVO) as an inflammation-responsive polymeric prodrug of vanillin, which is designed to rapidly respond to HO and exert antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities.

Blume and Siebold & Zucc Mixed Extract Suppress Platelet Aggregation and Thrombosis.

Blood vessel thrombosis causes blood circulation disorders, leading to various diseases. Currently, various antiplatelet and anticoagulant drugs, such as aspirin, warfarin, heparin, and non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs), are used as the major drugs for the treatment of a wide range of thrombosis. However, these drugs have a side effect of possibly causing internal bleeding due to poor hemostasis when taken for a long period of time.

Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness in Children at the Emergency Department during the 2018-2019 Season: the First Season School-aged Children Were Included in the Korean Influenza National Immunization Program.

Background: For the 2018-2019 season, the national influenza immunization program expanded to cover children aged from 6 months to 12 years in Korea. This study aimed to analyze vaccine effectiveness (VE) against influenza in children visiting the pediatric emergency room at a tertiary hospital during the 2018-2019 season.

Methods: Patients tested for influenza antigens from October 1st 2018 to May 31st 2019 at the pediatric emergency room of Samsung Medical Center were included.

Comparative outcomes of lopinavir/ritonavir and hydroxychloroquine for the treatment of COVID-19 with mild-to-moderate severity: A retrospective observational study.

Background: Lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r) and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) are both being used to treat coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), but their relative effectiveness is unknown. The purpose of this study was to compare the clinical outcomes of patients treated for COVID-19 with LPV/r or HCQ.

Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted at 2 hospitals in Busan, South Korea, where approximately 90% of COVID-19 patients were hospitalised during February/March 2020.

An anatomical neurovascular study for procedures targeting peri-articular nerves in patients with anterior knee pain.

Background: Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) of the articular branches innervating the anterior knee capsule has been studied as a possible alternative to surgery for degenerative arthritis. However, the neurovascular topography of the anterior knee capsule remains unclear.

Methods: One leg from each of the 20 formalin-embalmed cadaveric specimens was investigated.

Sustained Release of Exendin 4 Using Injectable and Ionic-Nano-Complex Forming Polymer Hydrogel System for Long-Term Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Daily treatment of diabetes to stabilize blood glucose level poses a challenge for patients with diabetes mellitus. Diabetes is a long-term metabolic disorder, and the treatment lasts for the rest of the patient's life after diagnosis. We presented a new injectable hydrogel depot system using exendin 4 (Ex-4) interactive and complex forming polymeric ionic-nano-particles for long-term antidiabetes treatment.

Length of Stay, Health Care Cost, Postpartum Discomfort, and Satisfaction with Medical Service in Puerperas Giving Birth in Midwifery Clinic and Hospitals.

Purpose: To determine traits related to pregnancy and delivery, length of stay, health care cost, postpartum discomfort, and satisfaction with medical service of puerperas giving birth in midwifery clinic and hospitals.

Methods: This study used a comparative survey design. Data were collected from a total of 140 postpartum mothers composed of 70 mothers who gave births in two hospitals and another 70 mothers who delivered in one midwifery clinic.

Antitumor and Immunomodulatory Effect of Gastrodia elata on Colon Cancer In Vitro and In Vivo.

Gastrodia elata Blume (GE) is a well-known kind of herb that has been used in traditional medicine for thousands of years. The extrusion of raw materials from it could improve flavor and enhance bioavailability in food and drug development. The purpose of this study is to investigate antitumor and immune boosting effects of extruded GE in human colon carcinoma cells, splenocytes, and mice-bearing CT26 colon carcinoma cell.

Reference Intervals of Thromboelastometric Evaluation of Coagulation in Pediatric Patients with Congenital Heart Diseases: A Retrospective Investigation.

BACKGROUND Rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM®) is a point-of-care test for coagulation, enabling physicians to make a swift decision. The aim of this investigation was to establish reference intervals of thromboelastometric evaluation for coagulation in pediatric patients with congenital heart diseases (CHD). MATERIAL AND METHODS As baseline data, 3 assays of ROTEM® (INTEM, EXTEM, and FIBTEM) were measured after anesthesia induction.

Design and performance of 10-Gb/s L-band REAM-SOA for OLT Transmitter in next generation access networks.

We present a 10-Gb/s L-band reflective electro-absorption modulator integrated with a semiconductor optical amplifier (REAM-SOA) having improved transmission performance at very low input power of seed light. To decrease the input power of seed light, the absorption characteristics of the REAM are adjusted to reduce the amplified spontaneous emission light returned into the SOA, suppressing the gain saturation effect of the SOA. At a considerably low input power of -16 dBm, the REAM-SOA exhibits a low transmission penalty of about 1.

Diagnostic Decision Points of Specific IgE Concentrations in Korean Children With Egg and Cow's Milk Allergies.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the utility of specific IgE (sIgE) concentrations for the diagnosis of immediate-type egg and cow's milk (CM) allergies in Korean children and to determine the optimal cutoff levels.

Methods: In this prospective study, children ≥12 months of age with suspected egg or CM allergy were enrolled. Food allergy was diagnosed by an open oral food challenge (OFC) or through the presence of a convincing history after ingestion of egg or CM.

Significance of 40-, 45-, and 48-kDa Proteins in the Moderate-to-Severe Clinical Symptoms of Buckwheat Allergy.

Purpose: This study was aimed to investigate the relationship between the allergen components and moderate-to-severe allergic reactions in patients with buckwheat allergy.

Methods: Fifteen patients with a history of buckwheat ingestion and a buckwheat specific IgE level≥0.35 kU/L were enrolled.

Relationship between indoor air pollutant levels and residential environment in children with atopic dermatitis.

Purpose: This study was aimed to investigate the relationship between indoor air pollutant levels and residential environment in children with atopic dermatitis (AD) living in Seoul.

Methods: A total of 150 children with AD were included. Residential environment was assessed by questionnaires which were completed by their parents.

Identification of a Novel Mutation in the CYBB Gene, p.Asp378Gly, in a Patient With X-linked Chronic Granulomatous Disease.

Chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) is a rare immunodeficiency disease, which is characterized by the lack of a functional nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase in phagocytes. The disease presents leukocytosis, anemia, hypergammaglobulinemia, and granuloma formation of the skin, lung, or lymph nodes. The mutation of the CYBB gene encoding gp91phox, located on chromosome Xp21.

Development of complex regional pain syndrome after a snake bite: a case report.

The occurrence of CRPS after a snake bite was very rare, only two cases were reported worldwide. Here we report a case that the 44-year-old female patient bitten by snakes CRPS type 1 was treated consecutive intravenous regional block, lumbar sympathectomy and antiepileptic drug therapy, also discuss the possible pathophysiology.

Special consideration is required for the component-resolved diagnosis of egg allergy in infants.

Background: There are few reports regarding differences in reactivity to the major egg allergens according to children's age, although component-resolved diagnosis is gradually being used.

Objective: To investigate differences in reactivity to major egg allergens among various age groups of children with egg allergy.

Methods: Twenty-seven patients diagnosed with egg allergy were included.

An injectable cell penetrable nano-polyplex hydrogel for localized siRNA delivery.

An approach for application of cell penetration to selective small interference RNA (siRNA) localized delivery system, cell penetrable nano-polyplex assembled hydrogel system, is presented. The cell penetrable nano-polyplex assembled hydrogelisprepared by protamine conjugation to poly(organophos-phazene) and inducement of nano-polyplexes with siRNAs. After an injection of cell penetrable nano-polyplex solution into the body, it turns into a gel due to thermosensitivity of poly(organo- phosphazene).

Anaphylaxis to topically applied sodium fusidate.

Fusidic acid is a bacteriostatic antibiotic that is effective primarily on gram-positive bacteria, such as Staphylococcus and Corynebacterium species. It is often topically applied to the skin, but is also given systemically as a tablet or injection. Allergic contact dermatitis, or urticaria, has been reported as a side effect of fusidic acid treatment, whereas anaphylaxis to topically administered fusidic acid has not been reported previously.

Mitigation of Rayleigh crosstalk using noise suppression technique in 10-Gb/s REAM-SOA.

We demonstrate a mitigation of Rayleigh back-scattering (RBS) impact in 10-Gb/s reflective electroabsorption modulator monolithically integrated with semiconductor optical amplifier (REAM-SOA). The technique is based on the intensity-noise suppression of the centralized incoherent seed-light, which enables smooth evolution of deployed DWDM applications. We exhibit the power penalty of less than 1 dB at the large RBS crosstalk value of about 8 dB when the optical power of seed-light is lowered about -10 dBm.

Dual ionic interaction system based on polyelectrolyte complex and ionic, injectable, and thermosensitive hydrogel for sustained release of human growth hormone.

A dual ionic interaction system composed of a positively charged polyelectrolyte complex (PEC) containing human growth hormone (hGH) and anionic thermosensitive hydrogel has been suggested for sustained delivery of bioactive hGH. The PEC was prepared by ionic interaction between negatively charged hGH and positively charged protamine sulfate (PS) to suppress diffusion of hGH. Moreover, we loaded the positively charged PEC into an anionic, injectable, and thermosensitive poly(organophosphazene) hydrogel to enhance sustained release of hGH by dual ionic interactions.

Effect of bathing on atopic dermatitis during the summer season.

Background: There are little objective data regarding the optimal practice methods of bathing, although bathing and the use of moisturizers are the most important facets to atopic dermatitis (AD) management.

Objective: We performed this study to evaluate the effect of bathing on AD.

Methods: Ninety-six children with AD were enrolled during the summer season.