Efficacy of Gemigliptin Add-on to Dapagliflozin and Metformin in Type 2 Diabetes Patients: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study (SOLUTION).

Backgruound: This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of add-on gemigliptin in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) who had inadequate glycemic control with metformin and dapagliflozin.

Methods: In this randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, double-blind, phase III study, 315 patients were randomized to receive either gemigliptin 50 mg (n=159) or placebo (n=156) with metformin and dapagliflozin for 24 weeks. After the 24-week treatment, patients who received the placebo were switched to gemigliptin, and all patients were treated with gemigliptin for an additional 28 weeks.

Adult-Onset Type 1 Diabetes Development Following COVID-19 mRNA Vaccination.

During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, COVID-19 vaccination-induced hyperglycemia and related complications have been reported. However, there have been few reports of type 1 diabetes triggered by COVID-19 vaccines in subjects without diabetes. Here, we report the case of a 56-year-old female patient who developed hyperglycemia after the second dose of COVID-19 mRNA-based vaccination without a prior history of diabetes.

Effect of Blood Pressure on Cardiovascular Diseases at 10-Year Follow-Up.

The American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) recently published a Guideline for the Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Management of High Blood Pressure in Adults. However, the data in other ethnic groups are not well known. We evaluated the prevalence and associated cardiovascular prognosis of Korean subjects with newly reclassified hypertension based on the 2017ACC/AHA guideline.

Influence of Job-seeking Stress on Perimenstrual Symptoms of Female College Students in Health and Non-health related Majors: Mediating Effects of Stress Coping Styles.

Purpose: To determine effects of job-seeking stress on perimenstrual symptoms of female college students with health and non-health related majors and mediating effects of stress coping styles.

Methods: Data were collected from 189 female college students who were juniors or seniors. This study was conducted using questionnaires on job-seeking stress, perimenstrual symptoms, and stress coping styles.

Relationship between serum bilirubin levels and cardiovascular disease.

We tested the hypothesis that higher levels of bilirubin, a bile pigment with antioxidant properties, are associated with a decreased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study analyzed data from the Korean Health and Genome Study to examine the association between serum total bilirubin (TB) on CVD and CVD death. Serum TB was measured in a total of 8,844 subjects (4,196 males and 4,648 females) and evaluated for the development of new onset CVD from 2001 to 2012 (mean 8.

Multicompartment Vesicles Formation by Emulsification-Induced Assembly of Poly(ethylene oxide)-block-poly(ε-caprolactone) and Their Dual-Loading Capability.

Emulsification-induced assembly is employed to allow structural diversity in nanoaggregates of a biocompatible amphiphilic polymer, poly(ethylene oxide)-block-poly(ε-caprolactone). Onion-like vesicles are efficiently produced by tuning the interfacial instability of the oil-in-water emulsion. The increase in the polymer concentration and use of the organic solvents with a low interfacial tension between water and the oil phase lead to a strong tendency of emulsion droplets to generate the onion-like vesicles.

Serum calcium changes and risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus in Asian population.

Aims: We examined the association between changes in serum calcium levels with the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in apparently healthy South Korean subjects.

Methods: A retrospective longitudinal analysis was conducted with subjects who had participated in comprehensive health check-ups at least four times over a 7-year period (between 2006 and 2012). In total, 23,121 subjects were categorized into tertiles based on changes in their albumin-adjusted serum calcium levels.

Glucocorticoid-Induced Diabetes Mellitus: An Important but Overlooked Problem.

Glucocorticoids are widely used as potent anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive drugs to treat a wide range of diseases. However, they are also associated with a number of side effects, including new-onset hyperglycemia in patients without a history of diabetes mellitus (DM) or severely uncontrolled hyperglycemia in patients with known DM. Glucocorticoid-induced diabetes mellitus (GIDM) is a common and potentially harmful problem in clinical practice, affecting almost all medical specialties, but is often difficult to detect in clinical settings.

On-chip electrochemical immunoassay platform for specific protein biomarker estimation in undiluted serum using off-surface membrane matrix.

The manuscript presents a new biosensor platform using bioreceptors modified porous 2-dimensional (2D) membrane based off-surface matrix for on-chip electrochemical immunoassay. Antibody based bioreceptors modified 2D matrix of porous polycarbonate (PC) membrane with densely packed 20µm holes as off-surface matrix was incorporated in very close proximity of the sensor surface and integrated with fluidic system for reagent flow and incubation chamber. Covalent attachment of antibodies on 2D PC membrane based off-matrix was achieved using 4-fluoro-3-nitro-azidobenzene (FNAB) cross-linker.

An isothermal, label-free, and rapid one-step RNA amplification/detection assay for diagnosis of respiratory viral infections.

Recently, RNA viral infections caused by respiratory viruses, such as influenza, parainfluenza, respiratory syncytial virus, coronavirus, and Middle East respiratory syndrome-coronavirus (MERS-CoV), and Zika virus, are a major public health threats in the world. Although myriads of diagnostic methods based on RNA amplification have been developed in the last decades, they continue to lack speed, sensitivity, and specificity for clinical use. A rapid and accurate diagnostic method is needed for appropriate control, including isolation and treatment of the patients.

Off surface matrix based on-chip electrochemical biosensor platform for protein biomarker detection in undiluted serum.

The manuscript describes a concept of using off surface matrix modified with capturing biomolecule for on-chip electrochemical biosensing. 3D matrix made by laser engraving of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) sheet as off surface matrix was integrated in very close vicinity of the electrode surface. Laser engraving and holes in PMMA along with spacing from surface provide fluidic channel and incubation chamber.

Two-stage sample-to-answer system based on nucleic acid amplification approach for detection of malaria parasites.

Rapid, early, and accurate diagnosis of malaria is essential for effective disease management and surveillance, and can reduce morbidity and mortality associated with the disease. Although significant advances have been achieved for the diagnosis of malaria, these technologies are still far from ideal, being time consuming, complex and poorly sensitive as well as requiring separate assays for sample processing and detection. Therefore, the development of a fast and sensitive method that can integrate sample processing with detection of malarial infection is desirable.

[Effects of an Individual Breast-feeding Promotion Program for Married Immigrant Women].

Purpose: This study was designed to evaluate the effects of an individual breast-feeding promotion program to address breast-feeding knowledge, attitude, method and rate of practice for married immigrant women.

Methods: A non-equivalent control group quasi-experimental design was used (experimental group=16, control group=17). The intervention consisted of 3 phases: (1) Within 2 hours of delivery - individual breast-feeding training through video/verbal/practical training education and demonstration (2) After 1~2 days - group training using video, model doll, and breast models (3) After 7 days - family visit, counseling, retraining and reinforcement training.

Glucose-Dependent Insulinotropic Peptide Level Is Associated with the Development of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Background: Incretin hormone levels as a predictor of type 2 diabetes mellitus have not been fully investigated. Therefore, we measured incretin hormone levels to examine the relationship between circulating incretin hormones, diabetes, and future diabetes development in this study.

Methods: A nested case-control study was conducted in a Korean cohort.

Self-powered switch-controlled nucleic acid extraction system.

Over the past few decades, lab-on-a-chip (LOC) technologies have played a great role in revolutionizing the way in vitro medical diagnostics are conducted and transforming bulky and expensive laboratory instruments and labour-intensive tests into easy to use, cost-effective miniaturized systems with faster analysis time, which can be used for near-patient or point-of-care (POC) tests. Fluidic pumps and valves are among the key components for LOC systems; however, they often require on-line electrical power or batteries and make the whole system bulky and complex, therefore limiting its application to POC testing especially in low-resource setting. This is particularly problematic for molecular diagnostics where multi-step sample processing (e.

Dimethyl adipimidate/Thin film Sample processing (DTS); A simple, low-cost, and versatile nucleic acid extraction assay for downstream analysis.

Sample processing, especially that involving nucleic acid extraction, is a prerequisite step for the isolation of high quantities of relatively pure DNA for downstream analyses in many life science and biomedical engineering studies. However, existing methods still have major problems, including labor-intensive time-consuming methods and high costs, as well as requirements for a centrifuge and the complex fabrication of filters and membranes. Here, we first report a versatile Dimethyl adipimidate/Thin film based Sample processing (DTS) procedure without the limitations of existing methods.

A rapid MZI-IDA sensor system for EGFR mutation testing in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a non-small-cell lung cancer biomarker, based on which several near-patient-testing methods have been developed and applied to predict treatment response on individual patients. Existing methods for detection of EGFR mutation are costly, labor-intensive and time-consuming. In this paper, we report a novel EGFR mutation testing system, which is based on Mach-Zehnder Interferometer (MZI) sensor and isothermal solid-phase DNA amplification (IDA) technique, called MZI-IDA sensor system.

LoMA-B: a simple and versatile lab-on-a-chip system based on single-channel bisulfite conversion for DNA methylation analysis.

Miniaturized lab-on-a-chip (LOC) systems have been developed for genetic and epigenetic analyses in clinical applications because of advantages such as reduced sample size and reagent consumption, rapid processing speed, simplicity, and enhanced sensitivity. Despite tremendous efforts made towards developing LOC systems for use in the clinical setting, the development of LOC systems to analyze DNA methylation, which is an emerging epigenetic marker causing the abnormal silencing of genes including tumor suppressor genes, is still challenging because of the gold standard methods involving a bisulfite conversion step. Existing bisulfite conversion-based techniques are not suitable for clinical use due to their long processing time, labor intensiveness, and the purification steps involved.

Effect of Omega-3 Fatty Acid on the Fatty Acid Content of the Erythrocyte Membrane and Proteinuria in Patients with Diabetic Nephropathy.

Diabetic nephropathy is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease and is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events. Dietary omega-3 fatty acid (FA) has cardioprotective effect and is associated with a slower deterioration of albumin excretion in patients with diabetic nephropathy. In this study, we evaluated the effect of omega-3 FA on proteinuria in diabetic nephropathy patients who are controlling blood pressure (BP) with angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEi) or angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB).

Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) point-of-care system for rapid multiplexed detection of microRNAs in human urine specimens.

MicroRNAs have been identified as promising biomarkers for human diseases. The development of a point-of-care (POC) test for the disease-associated miRNAs would be especially beneficial, since miRNAs are unexpectedly well preserved in various human specimens, including urine. Here, we present the Mach-Zehnder interferometer-miRNA detection system capable of detecting multiple miRNAs in clinical urine samples rapidly and simultaneously in a label-free and real-time manner.

Highly sensitive and specific novel biomarkers for the diagnosis of transitional bladder carcinoma.

Transitional bladder carcinoma (BCa) is prevalent in developed countries, particularly among men. Given that these tumors frequently recur or progress, the early detection and subsequent monitoring of BCa at different stages is critical. Current BCa diagnostic biomarkers are not sufficiently sensitive for substituting or complementing invasive cystoscopy.

A rapid amplification/detection assay for analysis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis using an isothermal and silicon bio-photonic sensor complex.

Global tuberculosis (TB) control is hampered by cost and slow or insensitive diagnostic methods to be used for TB diagnosis in clinic. Thus, TB still remains a major global health problem. The failure to rapidly and accurately diagnose of TB has posed significant challenges with consequent secondary resistance and ongoing transmission.