Clinicopathological Outcomes in Patients With Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer Undergoing Preoperative Short- Long-course Chemoradiotherapy With Delayed Surgery.

Background/aim: We aimed to compare the clinicopathological outcomes in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer after short- or long-course concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) followed by delayed surgery.

Patients And Methods: The records of 94 patients with cT3-4N0-2M0 rectal cancer who received CCRT between 2010 and 2017 were reviewed. Short-course radiotherapy (RT) was delivered with a median total dose of 25 Gy in five fractions (n=27), and long-course RT was delivered with a median total dose of 50.

Safety of hypofractionated volumetric modulated arc therapy for early breast cancer: A preliminary report.

The present study attempts to evaluate the acute and subacute toxicities of hypofractionated volumetric modulated arc therapy (HFX-VMAT) in patients with early breast cancer (EBC). It is a retrospective analysis of 23 patients treated with HFX-VMAT after breast-conserving surgery between September 2021 and February 2022. A total dose of 50.

Prostate only radiotherapy using external beam radiotherapy: A clinician's perspective.

Prostate-only radiotherapy (PORT) is widely used as the definitive treatment for localized prostate cancer. Prostate cancer has an α/β ratio; therefore, radiotherapy (RT) with a large fraction size is biologically effective for tumor control. The current external beam RT technique for PORT has been improved from three-dimensional conformal RT to intensity-modulated, stereotactic body, and image-guided RTs.

Low-Dose Ionizing Radiation Modulates Microglia Phenotypes in the Models of Alzheimer's Disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common type of dementia. AD involves major pathologies such as amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in the brain. During the progression of AD, microglia can be polarized from anti-inflammatory M2 to pro-inflammatory M1 phenotype.

The prognostic value of PET/CT evaluation with Deauville score on the recurrence and survival in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: a multi-institutional study of KROG 17-02.

The Korean Radiation Oncology Group (KROG) assessed the value of Deauville score (DS) on F-fluorodeoxyglucose Positron emission tomography-computed tomography (FDG PET/CT) as a predictor of recurrence and survival after rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (R-CHOP) chemotherapy in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). A total of 512 patients with stage I-III DLBCL who received six cycles of R-CHOP with or without radiation therapy (RT) and obtained treatment responses according to PET-CT imagings after R-CHOP ± RT were included. Patients were sorted into two arms; DS 4-5 arm (n = 24) was matched at a 1:2 ratio with DS 1-3 arm (n = 48) using propensity score matching method.

Diabetes mellitus is a predictive factor for radiation pneumonitis after thoracic radiotherapy in patients with lung cancer.

Purpose: We evaluated the effects of diabetes mellitus (DM) and DM-related serologic factors (HbA1c and fasting glucose) on the development of radiation pneumonitis in patients with lung cancer.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 123 patients with lung cancer treated with radiotherapy. Radiation pneumonitis was scored according to the toxicity criteria of the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group.

A multi-institutional and case-matched control study on treatment outcomes of consolidative radiotherapy after a full course of R-CHOP compared with R-CHOP alone in Stage I-II diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (KROG 17-02).

We compared treatment outcomes between rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (R-CHOP) chemotherapy alone with R-CHOP followed by consolidative radiation therapy (RT) in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). We analyzed 404 patients with Stage I-II DLBCL who received six to eight cycles of R-CHOP and achieved a good response after a full course of chemotherapy. Propensity-score matching was used to assess the role of consolidative RT.

Adjuvant Chemotherapy in Rectal Cancer Patients Treated With Preoperative Chemoradiation and Total Mesorectal Excision: A Multicenter and Retrospective Propensity-Score Matching Study.

Purpose: The role of adjuvant chemotherapy after preoperative chemoradiation therapy (CRT) and curative surgery in rectal cancer has yet to be definitely determined. We performed a retrospective and multicenter study to evaluate whether adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) could reduce recurrence and improve survival in locally advanced rectal cancer.

Methods And Materials: We analyzed data from 8 tertiary institutions for 1442 patients with rectal cancer who underwent preoperative CRT and total mesorectal excision.

Predictors of Distant Metastasis after Radical Surgery Followed by Postoperative Radiotherapy with or without Chemotherapy for Oropharyngeal Cancer.

Purpose: We investigated the prognostic factors for distant metastasis (DM) in patients with locally advanced oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) treated with surgery and adjuvant radiotherapy with or without concurrent chemotherapy.

Materials And Methods: Eighty-five patients treated between January 1995 and August 2014 were evaluated retrospectively. Data regarding the pathological tumour and nodal status, human papillomavirus (HPV) status, treatment characteristics, and pretreatment maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) of 18-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography scan (F-FDG PET-CT) were evaluated, and their influence on DM and survival outcomes were analyzed.

Can serum dynamics of carcinoembryonic antigen level during neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in rectal cancer predict tumor response and recurrence? A multi-institutional retrospective study.

Purpose: We evaluate whether the change of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) level before and after preoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT) in rectal cancer affects tumor response and recurrence or not.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 1447 rectal cancer patients who underwent preoperative CRT followed by curative surgery. All patients received preoperative radiotherapy of 50.

Preoperative short- vs. long-course chemoradiotherapy with delayed surgery for locally advanced rectal cancer.

Purpose: To compare the clinical outcomes between short-course chemoradiotherapy (CRT) and long-course CRT with delayed surgery in locally advanced rectal cancer patients.

Results: From 2010 to 2015, 19 patients were treated with short-course CRT and 53 patients were treated with LCRT. The sphincter-saving rate (89.

Simple Prediction Model of Axillary Lymph Node Positivity After Analyzing Molecular and Clinical Factors in Early Breast Cancer.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between pretreatment molecular and clinical factors and axillary lymph node metastases in early breast cancer. A total of 367 consecutive breast cancer patients with cT1-2NxM0 who underwent breast conserving surgery and axillary lymph node dissection followed by whole breast irradiation were enrolled. We evaluated the pathologic tumor and node status, tumor differentiation, calcification, and lymphovascular invasion, the status of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), epidermal growth factor receptor 1 (EGFR1), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), the expression of E-cadherin, P53, and Ki-67 index.

Soft Tissue Necrosis in Head and Neck Cancer Patients After Transoral Robotic Surgery or Wide Excision With Primary Closure Followed by Radiation Therapy.

Risk factors were evaluated for surgical bed soft tissue necrosis (STN) in head and neck cancer patients treated with postoperative radiation therapy (PORT) after transoral robotic surgery (TORS) or wide excision with primary closure. Sixty-seven patients were evaluated. STN was defined as ulceration and necrosis of the surgical bed or persistently unhealed high-grade acute mucositis with pain after PORT.

Analysis of Geometric Shifts and Proper Setup-Margin in Prostate Cancer Patients Treated With Pelvic Intensity-Modulated Radiotherapy Using Endorectal Ballooning and Daily Enema for Prostate Immobilization.

We evaluate geometric shifts of daily setup for evaluating the appropriateness of treatment and determining proper margins for the planning target volume (PTV) in prostate cancer patients.We analyzed 1200 sets of pretreatment megavoltage-CT scans that were acquired from 40 patients with intermediate to high-risk prostate cancer. They received whole pelvic intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT).

KRAS Mutation Status Is Not a Predictor for Tumor Response and Survival in Rectal Cancer Patients Who Received Preoperative Radiotherapy With 5-Fluoropyrimidine Followed by Curative Surgery.

We evaluated the tumor response and survival according to the KRAS oncogene status in locally advanced rectal cancer. One hundred patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (cT3-4N0-2M0) received preoperative radiation of 50.4 Gy in 28 fractions with 5-fluorouracil and total mesorectal excision.

Serum lactate dehydrogenase levels at presentation in stage IV non-small cell lung cancer: predictive value of metastases and relation to survival outcomes.

This study aimed to evaluate the clinical correlations between serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels and tumor characteristics and to investigate the prognostic impact of serum LDH levels in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). A total of 394 patients were included in the present study between June 2007 and January 2013. All eligible patients had serum LDH levels available before treatment, and whole-body metastatic extent was measured using whole-body metastatic scores, as determined by 18(F)-fludeoxyglucose positron emission tomography scans from 1 to 7 as the sum of each metastatic region.

A Dosimetric Comparative Analysis of TomoDirect and Three-Dimensional Conformal Radiotherapy in Early Breast Cancer.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to compare dosimetric parameters of intensity-modulated mode of TomoDirect and three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT) in patients with early breast cancer.

Methods: TomoDirect and 3D-CRT planning were carried out for 26 patients with early breast cancer who had received breast-conserving surgery. A total of 50.

Setup Error and Effectiveness of Weekly Image-Guided Radiation Therapy of TomoDirect for Early Breast Cancer.

Purpose: This study investigated setup error and effectiveness of weekly image-guided radiotherapy (IGRT) of TomoDirect for early breast cancer.

Materials And Methods: One hundred and fifty-one breasts of 147 consecutive patients who underwent breast conserving surgery followed by whole breast irradiation using TomoDirect in 2012 and 2013 were evaluated. All patients received weekly IGRT.

Evaluation of the Flash effect in breast irradiation using TomoDirect: an investigational study.

Flash is a specified function in TomoDirect that enables beam expansion by opening additional leaves to the target. This study assessed the theoretical dose distribution resulting from Flash in breast irradiation using TomoDirect. A cylindrical phantom that enabled dose distribution of the breast was used for verifying the effect of planning target volume (PTV) contouring and Flash.

Postoperative Radiotherapy Alone Versus Chemoradiotherapy in Stage I-II Endometrial Carcinoma: An Investigational and Propensity Score Matching Analysis.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the results of postoperative adjuvant radiotherapy (RT) and concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CRT) in stage I-II endometrial carcinoma.

Materials And Methods: We analyzed a total of 64 patients with surgically staged I-II endometrial carcinoma who were treated with postoperative adjuvant RT or concurrent CRT between March 1999 and July 2013. Thirty-two patients who received postoperative RT alone were matched with those who received postoperative CRT (n=32) in accordance to age, stage, and tumor histology.

A prospective cohort study on postoperative radiotherapy with TomoDirect using simultaneous integrated boost technique in early breast cancer.

Purpose: To evaluate the technical feasibility and toxicity of TomoDirect in breast cancer patients who received radiotherapy after breast-conserving surgery.

Methods: 155 consecutive patients with breast carcinoma in situ or T1-2 breast cancer with negative lymph node received breast irradiation with TomoDirect using simultaneous integrated boost technique in the prospective cohort study. A radiation dose of 50.

Outcome of postoperative radiotherapy following radical prostatectomy: a single institutional experience.

Purpose: This single institutional study is aimed to observe the outcome of patients who received postoperative radiotherapy after radical prostatectomy.

Materials And Methods: A total of 59 men with histologically identified prostate adenocarcinoma who had received postoperative radiation after radical prostatectomy from August 2005 to July 2011 in Seoul St. Mary's Hospital of the Catholic University of Korea, was included.

Dosimetric evaluation of Tomotherapy and four-box field conformal radiotherapy in locally advanced rectal cancer.

Purpose: To report the results of dosimetric comparison between intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) using Tomotherapy and four-box field conformal radiotherapy (CRT) for pelvic irradiation of locally advanced rectal cancer.

Materials And Methods: Twelve patients with locally advanced rectal cancer who received a short course preoperative chemoradiotherapy (25 Gy in 5 fractions) on the pelvis using Tomotherapy, between July 2010 and December 2010, were selected. Using their simulation computed tomography scans, Tomotherapy and four-box field CRT plans with the same dose schedule were evaluated, and dosimetric parameters of the two plans were compared.

Tumor bed volumetric changes during breast irradiation for the patients with breast cancer.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate changes in breast tumor bed volume during whole breast irradiation (WBI).

Materials And Methods: From September 2011 to November 2012, thirty patients who underwent breast-conserving surgery (BCS) followed by WBI using computed tomography (CT) simulation were enrolled. Simulation CT scans were performed before WBI (CT1) and five weeks after the breast irradiation (CT2).

Prognostic significance of serum carcinoembryonic antigen normalization on survival in rectal cancer treated with preoperative chemoradiation.

Purpose: The purpose of this retrospective study was to identify factors predictive of survival in rectal cancer patients who received surgery with curative intent after preoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT).

Materials And Methods: Between July 1996 and June 2010, 104 patients underwent surgery for rectal cancer after preoperative CRT. The median dose of radiotherapy was 50.