Flexible fluorine-thiol displacement stapled peptides with enhanced membrane penetration for the estrogen receptor/coactivator interaction.

Understanding how natural and engineered peptides enter cells would facilitate the elucidation of biochemical mechanisms underlying cell biology and is pivotal for developing effective intracellular targeting strategies. In this study, we demonstrate that our peptide stapling technique, fluorine-thiol displacement reaction (FTDR), can produce flexibly constrained peptides with significantly improved cellular uptake, particularly into the nucleus. This platform confers enhanced flexibility, which is further amplified by the inclusion of a D-amino acid, while maintaining environment-dependent α helicity, resulting in highly permeable peptides without the need for additional cell-penetrating motifs.

Monoclonal Antibody against Porcine LAG3 Inhibits Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus Infection.

Lymphocyte activation gene 3 (LAG3) is an inhibitory receptor and the interaction between fibrinogen-like protein 1 and LAG3 can inhibit the anti-tumor effect of T cells both in vivo and in vitro, which was regarded as a new immune evasion mechanism. Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS), caused by PRRSV, is an infectious disease characterized by reproductive disorders in pregnant sows and gilts and respiratory problems in pigs of all ages, seriously impacting the pig industry worldwide. In this study, monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against porcine LAG3 () were developed, and one mAb (1C2) showed good reactivity with on PHA-activated porcine peripheral blood lymphocytes.

The relationship between psychological capital, burnout and perceived stress in junior nurses: a latent profile analysis.

Background: Psychological capital, an intrinsic personal asset, enhances junior nurses' ability to navigate transition and sustain superior job performance. This study aimed to classify junior nurses into distinct psychological capital profiles and examine their associations with burnout and perceived stress levels.

Methods: A cross-sectional study involving 480 junior nurses from three hospitals in Beijing assessed psychological capital, stress, and burnout using e-questionnaires, from July 2021 to August 2022.

A study on expression recognition based on improved mobilenetV2 network.

This paper proposes an improved strategy for the MobileNetV2 neural network(I-MobileNetV2) in response to problems such as large parameter quantities in existing deep convolutional neural networks and the shortcomings of the lightweight neural network MobileNetV2 such as easy loss of feature information, poor real-time performance, and low accuracy rate in facial emotion recognition tasks. The network inherits the characteristics of MobilenetV2 depthwise separated convolution, signifying a reduction in computational load while maintaining a lightweight profile. It utilizes a reverse fusion mechanism to retain negative features, which makes the information less likely to be lost.

Fluorine-thiol displacement probes for acetaminophen's hepatotoxicity.

Chemicals possessing reactive electrophiles can denature innate proteins leading to undesired toxicity, and the overdose-induced liver injury by drugs containing electrophiles has been one of the major causes of non-approval and withdraw by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Elucidating the associated proteins could guide the future development of therapeutics to circumvent these drugs' toxicities, but was largely limited by the current probing tools due to the steric hindrance of chemical tags including the common "click chemistry" labels. Taking the widely used non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug acetaminophen (APAP) as an example, we hereby designed and synthesized an APAP analogue using fluorine as a steric-free label.

From Mo-Si-B to Mo-Ti-Si-B Alloys: A Short Review.

Mo-Si-B alloys have attracted considerable research interest during the last several decades due to their high melting points, excellent high-temperature strength and relatively good oxidation resistance. However, insufficient room-temperature fracture toughness and high-temperature oxidation resistance restrain their further application. Generally, a sufficient volume fraction of BCC-Mo solid-solution phase, providing the ductility, and a high Si content, responsible for the formation of passive oxide scales, is difficult to achieve simultaneously in this ternary system.

Influence of organoboron cross-linker and reservoir characteristics on filtration and reservoir residual of guar gum fracturing fluid in low-permeability shale gas reservoirs.

To effectively reduce the filtration rate of water-based fracturing fluid and promote the pressure holding effect of fracturing fluid in underground unconventional reservoirs, an efficient and clean organic-boron cross-linker was synthesized with boric acid and low alcohols. The results obtained that the synthesized organoboron cross-linker exhibits better fluid loss performance to water-based fracturing fluid than the commercially available cross-linker. This organoboron cross-linker allowed decreasing filtration coefficient more than 0.

Unprotected peptide macrocyclization and stapling via a fluorine-thiol displacement reaction.

We report the discovery of a facile peptide macrocyclization and stapling strategy based on a fluorine thiol displacement reaction (FTDR), which renders a class of peptide analogues with enhanced stability, affinity, cellular uptake, and inhibition of cancer cells. This approach enabled selective modification of the orthogonal fluoroacetamide side chains in unprotected peptides in the presence of intrinsic cysteines. The identified benzenedimethanethiol linker greatly promoted the alpha helicity of a variety of peptide substrates, as corroborated by molecular dynamics simulations.

Beta-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Genes in Orange-Spotted Grouper (): Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis During Sex Reversal.

Beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases (β-HSDs) are a group of steroidogenic enzymes that are involved in steroid biosynthesis and metabolism, and play a crucial role in mammalian physiology and development, including sex determination and differentiation. In the present study, a genome-wide analysis identified the numbers of β genes in orange-spotted grouper () (19), human () (22), mouse () (24), chicken () (16), xenopus () (24), coelacanth () (17), spotted gar () (14), zebrafish () (19), fugu () (19), tilapia () (19), medaka () (19), stickleback () (17) and common carp () (27) samples. A comparative analysis revealed that the number of β genes in teleost fish was no greater than in tetrapods due to gene loss followed by a teleost-specific whole-genome duplication event.

PfSMAD1/5 Can Interact with PfSMAD4 to Inhibit PfMSX to Regulate Shell Biomineralization in Pinctada fucata martensii.

The BMP2 signal transduced by SMAD1/5 plays an important role in osteoblast differentiation and bone formation. Shell formation of Pinctada fucata martensii is a typical biomineralization process that is similar to that of teeth/bone formation. However, whether the Pinctada fucata BMP2 (PfBMP2) signal transduced by PfSMAD1/5 occurs in P.

An estradiol-17β/miRNA-26a/cyp19a1a regulatory feedback loop in the protogynous hermaphroditic fish, Epinephelus coioides.

Cyp19a1a is a key gene responsible for the production of estradiol-17β (E), the main functional estrogen and a major downstream regulator of reproduction in teleost fish. It is widely known that CYP19 gene expression, aromatase activity, and E production can influence gonadal differentiation and sex reversal in teleost fish, but the feedback mechanisms whereby E regulates cyp19a1a remain poorly understood, especially regarding the potential roles of endogenous small RNA molecules (miRNAs). Here, we identified miR-26a-5p as a regulatory factor of its predicted target gene (cyp19a1a).

Single-walled carbon nanotubes as delivery vehicles enhance the immunoprotective effect of an immersion DNA vaccine against infectious spleen and kidney necrosis virus in mandarin fish.

As a high mortality disease, Infectious spleen and kidney necrosis virus (ISKNV) can cause massive economic damage on mandarin fish farming industry in China, which seriously hindered the development of mandarin fish farming industry. In this research, SWCNTs (single-walled carbon nanotubes) as a candidate for DNA vaccine carrier was vaccinated by immersion (1, 2, 5, 10, 20 mg/L) in juvenile mandarin fish. In muscle, spleen and kidney tissues, the results showed that transcription and expression of MCP gene can be detected in pcDNA-MCP and SWCNTs-pcDNA-MCP groups after bath immunization.

circFBXL5 promotes breast cancer progression by sponging miR-660.

Increasing studies have revealed that circular RNAs (circRNAs) play important roles in cancer progression. However, the potential involvement of circRNAs in breast cancer metastasis to lung is not clear so far. In this study, we conducted circular RNA microarrays of primary breast cancer tissues and lung metastatic tissues.

MicroRNA-182-3p negatively regulates cytokines expression by targeting TLR5M in orange-spotted grouper, Epinephelus coioides.

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) as essential pattern recognition receptors in innate immunity, can recognize pathogens and trigger immune response to eliminate invading pathogens. MicroRNAs regulates multiple biological processes by suppressing mRNA translation or resulting in mRNA degradation. MiR-182 has previously been implicated in DNA repair, disease and cancer aspects.

Phosphate removal combined with acetate supplementation enhances lipid production from water hyacinth by .

Background: Microbial lipids derived from various lignocellulosic feedstocks have emerged as a promising candidate for the biodiesel industry and a potential substitute for high value-added fats. However, lignocellulosic biomass, especially herbaceous biomass, such as water hyacinth, contains high concentrations of nitrogenous components. These compounds impede microbial lipid production, as lipid biosynthesis is commonly induced by imposing a nutrient deficiency, especially nitrogen starvation.

New Insights Into the Role of Follicle-Stimulating Hormone in Sex Differentiation of the Protogynous Orange-Spotted Grouper, .

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) signaling is considered to be essential for early gametogenesis in teleosts, but its functional roles during sex differentiation are largely unknown. In this study, we investigated the effects of long-term and short-term FSH injection on sex differentiation in the protogynous orange-spotted grouper (). Long-term FSH treatment initially promoted the formation of ovaries but subsequently induced a male fate.

Transcriptomic Analysis Revealed the Regulatory Mechanisms of Oocyte Maturation and Hydration in Orange-Spotted Grouper (Epinephelus coioides).

Oocyte maturation and hydration are regulated by a complex interplay of various hormones and local factors. We have investigated the morphological changes of follicles and serum steroid levels during the HCG (human choionic gonadotophin)-induced oocyte maturation in the orange-spotted grouper. For the first time, a large-scale transcriptomic analysis of follicles during the maturation has been conducted in a fish species which produce pelagic oocytes.

Overexpression of Anti-müllerian Hormone Gene Affects Gonad Sex Differentiation in Undifferentiated Orange-Spotted Groupers ().

Sex differentiation in teleost fishes occurs in response to sex determination signals, which induce the gonad to develop as either an ovary or testis. However, sex differentiation mechanisms in fishes are diverse, and information on gonad differentiation in sex changing fishes remains limited. The orange-spotted grouper () is a protogynous hermaphroditic fish that provides an ideal model for investigating gonad differentiation in vertebrates.

Socially controlled male-to-female sex reversal in the protogynous orange-spotted grouper, Epinephelus coioides.

Socially controlled sex change in teleosts is a dramatic example of adaptive reproductive plasticity. In many cases, the occurrence of sex change is triggered by a change in the social context, such as the disappearance of the dominant individual. The orange-spotted grouper Epinephelus coioides is a typical protogynous hermaphrodite fish that changes sex from female to male and remains male throughout its life span.

The co-administration of estradiol/17α-methyltestosterone leads to male fate in the protogynous orange-spotted grouper, Epinephelus coioides.

Estrogen plays a pivotal role in the sex differentiation of teleosts, whereas the precise function of androgens is more controversial. In this study, orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides) fry were treated with letrozole (an aromatase inhibitor, AI), 17α-methyltestosterone (MT), or MT and 17β-estradiol (E2) simultaneously, during the period of gonadal formation and sex differentiation. MT feeding at 50 days after hatching resulted in gonadal dysgenesis, which could be rescued by E2 supplementation.

Regulation of IL-17 by lncRNA of IRF-2 in the pearl oyster.

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), once thought to be nonfunctional, have recently been shown to participate in the multilevel regulation of transcriptional, posttranscriptional and epigenetic modifications and to play important roles in various biological processes, including immune responses. However, the expression and roles of lncRNAs in invertebrates, especially nonmodel organisms, remain poorly understood. In this study, by comparing a transcriptome to the PfIRF-2 genomic structure, we identified lncIRF-2 in the PfIRF-2 genomic intron.

Female-to-male sex reversal in orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides) caused by overexpressing of Amh in vivo.

A variety of mechanisms are involved in sex determination in vertebrates. The orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides), a teleost fish, functions first as females and later as a male and is an ideal model to investigate the regulation of sexual fate. Here, we report female-to-male sex reversal in juvenile orange-spotted groupers caused by overexpressing anti-Müllerian hormone (Amh).

Alkaline organosolv pretreatment of corn stover for enhancing the enzymatic digestibility.

In the present study, a sodium hydroxide-methanol solution (SMs) pretreatment of corn stover was described to overcome biomass recalcitrance for the first time. Effects of sodium hydroxide loading, solid-to-liquid ratio, processing time and temperature on enzymatic saccharification were studied in detail. The SMs pretreatment could significantly enhance the enzyme accessibility of corn stover, minimize the degradation of sugar polymers, and decrease the energy consumption.

Cloning, expression and functional characterization of a novel luteinizing hormone receptor in the orange-spotted grouper, Epinephelus coioides.

Luteinizing hormone receptor (LHR) plays a critical role in reproduction by mediating LH signaling in the gonad. In this study, we cloned a novel lhr gene from the orange-spotted grouper, named glhr2. The cloned complete open reading frame sequence of glhr2 was 2082 bp in length, encoding a protein of 693 amino acids, sharing approximately 50% amino acid identity with glhr1.