Risk factors of hypotension during cesarean section with spinal anesthesia in parturients with COVID-19: a retrospective study in comparison with pregnant women without COVID-19.

Background: The incidence of hypotension in parturients with coronavirus disease (COVID-19) undergoing regional anesthesia remains controversial. This study aimed to investigate the incidence of hypotension during spinal anesthesia in parturients infected with COVID-19, as well as to identify associated risk factors.

Methods: This retrospective study compared COVID-19-positive parturients who underwent cesarean section under spinal anesthesia (COVID-19 group) with a control group between January 2017 and June 2022.

Conformational disorder in the crystal structure of methyl 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-β-D-glucopyranoside (methyl β-chitobioside) methanol monosolvate.

Methyl 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-β-D-glucopyranoside (methyl β-chitobioside), (IV), crystallizes from aqueous methanol at room temperature to give a structure (CHNO·CHOH) containing conformational disorder in the exocyclic hydroxymethyl group of one of its βGlcNAc residues. As observed in other X-ray structures of disaccharides containing β-(1→4) O-glycosidic linkages, inter-residue hydrogen bonding between O3H of the βGlcNAc bearing the OCH aglycone and O5 of the adjacent βGlcNAc is observed based on the 2.79 Å internuclear distance between the O atoms.

Profiling the Phytochemicals of : Biological Activities, LC-ESI/MS, and HPLC Analyses.

Y. N. Lee (OMY) is an endemic Korean plant in the family Crassulaceae that is known to contain a variety of bioactive compounds.

Estimated dietary vitamin D intake and major vitamin D food sources of Koreans: based on the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2016-2019.

Background/objectives: The purpose of this study was to establish a database (DB) of foods containing vitamin D that were investigated in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES), to estimate the dietary vitamin D intake, to evaluate the dietary adequacy of this intake, and to identify the major food sources of Koreans that contain vitamin D.

Subjects/methods: This study used data from the KNHANES 2016-2019. Individuals aged ≥ 1 year who participated in the nutrition survey (n = 28,418) were included.

Dietary zinc intake and sources among Koreans: findings from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2016-2019.

Background/objectives: Zinc is an essential trace mineral which is important for the growth and development of the human body and immunological and neurological functions. Inadequate zinc intake may cause zinc deficiency with its adverse consequences. In this study, we aimed to estimate the dietary zinc intake levels and sources among Koreans.

The association between dietary sodium intake and obesity in adults by sodium intake assessment methods: a review of systematic reviews and re-meta-analysis.

Background/objectives: The scientific evidence of a sodium-obesity association is limited by sodium intake assessments. Our specific aim is to synthesize the association between dietary sodium intake and obesity across the sodium intake assessments as evidenced by systematic reviews in adults.

Subjects/methods: A systematic search identified systematic reviews comparing the association of dietary sodium intakes with obesity-related outcomes such as body mass index (BMI), body weight, waist circumference, and risk of (abdominal) obesity.

Minor alleles in the SNPs contributed to the increased risk of obesity among Korean adults: meta-analysis from nationwide big data-based studies.

Background/objectives: Many studies have revealed an association between fat mass and the obesity-related gene () and obesity. On the other hand, no meta-analysis was conducted with data from only Koreans. Therefore, this study performed a meta-analysis using Korean data to provide evidence for the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and the risk of obesity among Korean adults.

Magnesium intake and dietary sources among Koreans: findings from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2016-2019.

Background/objectives: Magnesium is an essential nutrient for human health. However, inadequate intake is commonly reported worldwide. Along with reduced consumption of vegetables and fruits and increased consumption of refined or processed foods, inadequate magnesium intake is increasingly reported as a serious problem.

Dietary intake and major source foods of vitamin E among Koreans: findings of the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2016-2019.

Background/objectives: Vitamin E is essential for health, and although vitamin E deficiency seems rare in humans, studies on estimates of dietary intake are lacking. This study aimed to estimate dietary vitamin E intake, evaluate dietary adequacy of vitamin E, and detail major food sources of vitamin E in the Korean population.

Subjects/methods: This study used data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) 2016-2019.

Use of ascitic CEA levels as a predictive value for distant metastasis in high-risk stage II and III colorectal cancer.

Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the effect of ascitic carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels on the long-term oncologic outcomes of colorectal cancer (CRC) following curative treatment.

Methods: A total of 191 patients with stage II/III CRC were included. CEA was analyzed on the peritoneal fluid samples taken at the start of each surgery.

High incidence of late anastomosis leakage in patients for rectal cancer after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy: A comparative study.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical features and risk factors of late anastomotic leakage (AL) in a homogeneous cohort with elective sphincter-sparing surgery (SSS) with ileostomy after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) for rectal cancer.

Methods: Data from a total of 359 patients who underwent elective rectal cancer surgery between Jan 2017 and May 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were classified into early and late AL groups, referring to onset of AL occurring within or after 30 post-operative days, respectively.

The additional analgesic effects of transverse abdominis plane block in patients receiving low-dose intrathecal morphine for minimally invasive colorectal surgery: a randomized, single-blinded study.

Purpose: Intrathecal analgesia (ITA) and transverse abdominis plane block (TAPB) are effective pain control methods in abdominal surgery. However, there is still no gold standard for postoperative pain control in minimally invasive colorectal surgery. This study aimed to investigate whether the analgesic effect could be increased when TAPB, which can further reduce wound somatic pain, was administered in low-dose morphine ITA patients.

Serial measurements of body composition using bioelectrical impedance and clinical usefulness of phase angle in colorectal cancer.

Background: Although body composition (BC) can be measured easily using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), there are few studies of serial BC measurements in colorectal cancer (CRC). The purpose of the present study was to observe the serial change of BC in patients with CRC surgery from the initiation to the end of chemotherapy and to evaluate its clinical usefulness.

Methods: From July 2018 to November 2019, patients undergoing elective CRC surgery were enrolled.

Quantitative evaluation of colon perfusion after high versus low ligation in rectal surgery by indocyanine green: a pilot study.

Background: In the field of rectal cancer surgery, there remains ongoing debate on the merits of high ligation (HL) and low ligation (LL) of the inferior mesenteric artery (IMA) in terms of perfusion and anastomosis leakage. Recently, infrared fluorescence of indocyanine green (ICG) imaging has been used to evaluate perfusion status during colorectal surgery.

Objective: The purpose of this study is to compare the changes in perfusion status between HL and LL through quantitative evaluation of ICG.

An Escherichia coli strain with extra catalase activity protects against murine colitis by scavenging hydrogen peroxide and regulating regulatory t cell/interleukin-17 pathways.

Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract whose occurrence is attributed to various factors, including genetic factors, immune response, microbial changes, and oxidative stress. Microbial-targeted therapy has emerged as an alternative to immunosuppressive therapy for IBD.

Methods: The effects of an atypical commensal Escherichia coli strain harboring an additional catalase gene (compared to typical E.

Intramyocardial delivery of human cardiac stem cell spheroids with enhanced cell engraftment ability and cardiomyogenic potential for myocardial infarct repair.

Strategies for stem cell-based cardiac regeneration and repair are key issues for the ischemic heart disease (IHD) patients with chronic complications related to ischemic necrosis. Cardiac stem cells (CSCs) have demonstrated high therapeutic efficacy for IHD treatment owing to their specific cardiac-lineage commitment. The therapeutic potential of CSCs could be further enhanced by designing a cellular spheroid formulation.

An efficient system for intestinal on-site butyrate production using novel microbiome-derived esterases.

Short-chain fatty acids, especially butyrate, play beneficial roles in sustaining gastrointestinal health. However, due to limitations associated with direct consumption of butyrate, there has been interest in using prodrugs of butyrate. Tributyrin (TB), a triglyceride composed of three butyrate molecules and a glycerol, is a well-studied precursor of butyrate.

Long term complications and prognostic factors in locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma treated with docetaxel, cisplatin, 5-fluorouracil induction chemotherapy followed by concurrent chemoradiotherapy: A retrospective cohort study.

This study was conducted to evaluate the long term complications and their risk factors including of survival outcomes in patients with locally advanced nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) treated with docetaxel, cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil (TPF) induction chemotherapy followed by concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT).Among the patients who were diagnosed as NPC, we consecutively evaluated the late complications in 104 patients who completed 3 cycles of TPF induction chemotherapy followed by CCRT and received regular follow-up by otolaryngologist and oncologist. The prognostic factors for overall survival, relapse free survival and each complication were analyzed based on clinical characteristics.

Molecular characteristics of fluoroquinolone-resistant avian pathogenic Escherichia coli isolated from broiler chickens.

Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) is a major pathogen in the poultry industry worldwide including Korea. In this study, the phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of 33 fluoroquinolone (FQ)-resistant APEC isolates from broilers were analyzed. All FQ-resistant APEC isolates showed amino acid exchanges at both gyrA and parC and high minimal inhibitory concentrations for FQs.

Molecular characterization of avian pathogenic Escherichia coli from broiler chickens with colibacillosis.

Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) causes extensive mortality in poultry flocks, leading to extensive economic losses. The aim of this study was to investigate the phenotypic and genotypic characteristics and antimicrobial resistance of recent APEC isolates. Of the 79 APEC isolates, the most predominant serogroup was O78 (16 isolates, 20.

Lercanidipine Synergistically Enhances Bortezomib Cytotoxicity in Cancer Cells via Enhanced Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Mitochondrial Ca Overload.

The proteasome inhibitor (PI), bortezomib (Btz), is effective in treating multiple myeloma and mantle cell lymphoma, but not solid tumors. In this study, we show for the first time that lercanidipine (Ler), an antihypertensive drug, enhances the cytotoxicity of various PIs, including Btz, carfilzomib, and ixazomib, in many solid tumor cell lines by inducing paraptosis, which is accompanied by severe vacuolation derived from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria. We found that Ler potentiates Btz-mediated ER stress and ER dilation, possibly due to misfolded protein accumulation, in MDA-MB 435S cells.

Commensal-derived metabolites govern Vibrio cholerae pathogenesis in host intestine.

Background: Recent evidence suggests that the commensal microbes act as a barrier against invading pathogens and enteric infections are the consequences of multi-layered interactions among commensals, pathogens, and the host intestinal tissue. However, it remains unclear how perturbations of the gut microbiota compromise host infection resistance, especially through changes at species and metabolite levels.

Results: Here, we illustrate how Bacteroides vulgatus, a dominant species of the Bacteroidetes phylum in mouse intestine, suppresses infection by Vibrio cholerae, an important human pathogen.