Anti-Melanogenic Effects of Umbelliferone: In Vitro and Clinical Studies.

Melanin overexpression causes skin hyperpigmentation, which is associated with various skin disorders and cosmetic concerns. Umbelliferone, a natural coumarin found widely in plant species, has been noted for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects but has received little attention for its impact on melanogenesis. Here, the effects of umbelliferone on melanogenesis were investigated in vitro and in clinical studies.

Lam. Extract Alleviates Airway Inflammation Induced by Particulate Matter Plus Diesel Exhaust Particles in Mice.

Unlabelled: Exposure to air pollution poses a risk to human respiratory health, and a preventive and therapeutic remedy against fine dust-induced respiratory disease is needed.

Background/objectives: The respiratory-protective effects of (LM) against airway inflammation were evaluated in a mouse model exposed to a fine dust mixture of diesel exhaust particles and particulate matter with a diameter of less than 10 µm (PM10D).

Methods: To induce airway inflammation, PM10D was intranasally injected into BALB/c mice three times a day for 12 days, and LM extracts were given orally once per day.

Evaluation of a Cosmetic Formulation Containing Arginine Glutamate in Patients with Burn Scars: A Pilot Study.

Patients with burn scars require effective treatments able to alleviate dry skin and persistent itching. Ion pairing has been employed in cosmetic formulations to enhance solubility in solvents and improve skin permeability. To evaluate the efficacy and safety of the cosmetic formula "RE:pair (arginine-glutamate ion pair)", we analyzed scar size, itching and pain, skin barrier function, scar scale evaluation, and satisfaction in our study participants.

Uncaria Rhynchophylla and hirsuteine as TRPV1 agonists inducing channel desensitization.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Uncaria rhynchophylla (UR) is recognized for its therapeutic applications in treating hypertension and inflammation. However, the specific molecular mechanisms how UR and its bioactive constituents modulate inflammatory pathways remain unknown. This study investigates the effects of UR extract and its constituent, hirsuteine (HST), on TRPV1 channel modulation which is related to hypertension and inflammation.

Novel Cosmetic Ingredient CS-AA Polyion Complex and Skin Moisturizing Effect.

Purpose: The study explored the enhanced skin moisturizing capabilities and moisture retention effects achieved by forming a polyion complex using sulfated glycosaminoglycan (GAG), specifically chondroitin sulfate (CS), and amino acids (AA) such as glutamine (Q) and arginine (R). The overall hydration effect of this CS-AA complex was examined.

Methods: After analyzing the CS-AA polyion complex structure using spectroscopic methods, the ex vivo moisture retention ability was assessed under dry conditions using porcine skin samples.

Study of the soothing effects of troxerutin in alleviating skin sensitivity.

Background: Transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) is associated with skin sensitivity and mainly activated by capsaicin and heat. Interestingly, troxerutin can inhibit TRPV1 activation. However, its efficacy in reducing skin sensitivity remains undetermined.

Effects of Doxycycline-Loaded NO-Releasing Nanomatrix Gel on Delayed Replanted of Rat Molar.

Background/aim: Tooth avulsion and delayed replantation may cause inflammatory responses and root resorption of the tooth. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of a doxycycline-loaded nitric oxide-releasing nanomatrix (DN) gel on the delayed replantation of avulsed rat teeth, with a focus on assessing the gel's potential to promote regeneration and inhibit complications associated with the replantation process.

Materials And Methods: Twenty-four right maxillary first molars from male Sprague-Dawley rats were atraumatically extracted using sterile extraction forceps.

Thirty-day mortality after palliative radiotherapy in advanced cancer patients: Optimizing end-of-life care in Asia.

Introduction: Evidence-based guidelines recommend hypofractionated palliative radiotherapy (PRT); nonetheless, many patients receive prolonged course of PRT. To identify patients with limited benefits from PRT in end-of-life care, we evaluated the pattern of PRT at an Asian institution and factors associated with 30-day mortality after PRT (30dM).

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 228 patients who died after PRT in Yonsei Wonju Severance Christian hospital between October 2014 and March 2022.

Amentoflavone, a potent natural matrix metalloproteinase 2 inhibitor.

Gelatinase A (MMP-2) has been studied and proven to play a vital role in the intrusion and metastasis of cancer. Flavonoids influence on molecular and cellular functions of MMP-2 and thus a systematic investigation of flavonoids against the metalloproteolytic activity of MMP-2 has been performed in this study. A fluorescence resonance energy transfer method was used to investigate the inhibitory activities of various flavonoids.

A tryptophan-based assay method to search regulatory compounds for transcriptionally controlled tumor protein.

Transcriptionally controlled tumor protein (TCTP) is a highly conserved protein performing a large number of cellular functions by binding with various partner proteins. The importance of its roles in many diseases requires an assay method to find regulatory compounds. However, the molecular characteristics of TCTP made it difficult to search for chemicals interacting with it.

Feasibility of artificial intelligence-driven interfractional monitoring of organ changes by mega-voltage computed tomography in intensity-modulated radiotherapy of prostate cancer.

Purpose: High-dose radiotherapy (RT) for localized prostate cancer requires careful consideration of target position changes and adjacent organs-at-risk (OARs), such as the rectum and bladder. Therefore, daily monitoring of target position and OAR changes is crucial in minimizing interfractional dosimetric uncertainties. For efficient monitoring of the internal condition of patients, we assessed the feasibility of an auto-segmentation of OARs on the daily acquired images, such as megavoltage computed tomography (MVCT), via a commercial artificial intelligence (AI)-based solution in this study.

Effect of intra-alveolar delivery of Frondoside A on inflammatory response of delayed tooth replantation.

Background/aim: Frondoside A is a sea cucumber extract which is well known for its anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of Frondoside A application in the alveolar socket on inflammatory responses after delayed replantation in rat teeth.

Materials And Methods: Human periodontal ligament cells were cultured and exposed to Frondoside A.

Anti-acne activity of carnitine salicylate and magnolol through the regulation of exfoliation, lipogenesis, bacterial growth and inflammation.

Background: Salicylic acid has been used as an anti-acne agent with its comedolytic property and antimicrobial activity. However, there is a limit to use for leave-on cosmetics because of the transient skin irritation and low efficacy at neutral pH condition. We prepared a salicylic acid-based ionic pair with -carnitine (we named, IP-BHA) overcoming the limitation of salicylic acid.

Effect of Home-Based Self-Management Intervention for Community-Dwelling Patients with Early Parkinson's Disease: A Feasibility Study.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of a home-based self-management intervention in community-dwelling patients with early Parkinson's diseases (PD).

Design: A randomized-controlled design.

Methods: Thirty-two patients participated (15=intervention, 17=control), and the intervention group received 16 weeks of the intervention.

Extract Attenuates Airway Inflammation in a Murine Model of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Induced by Cigarette Smoke and Lipopolysaccharide.

We studied the activities of extracts (SGE) on airway inflammation in a mouse model of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) stimulated by cigarette smoke extract (CSE) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS), as well as in LPS-treated human bronchial epithelial cell line (BEAS-2B). SGE improved the viability of LPS-incubated BEAS-2B cells and inhibited the expression and production of inflammatory cytokines. SGE also attenuated the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)-nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling activated by LPS stimulation in BEAS-2B cells.

Determination of the range of intervention timing for supernumerary teeth using the Korean health insurance review and assessment service database.

This study aimed to identify the frequency of complications during the diagnosis, observation, and treatment of supernumerary teeth or odontomas and evaluate the relationship between complications and the timing of surgical intervention. This study was conducted based on data from the Korea Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service between January 2008 and December 2019. A 2-year washout period was applied, and a follow-up period of at least 2 years was also included.

Development of Growth Factor Releasing Hyaluronic Acid-Based Hydrogel for Pulp Regeneration: A Preliminary Study.

Growth factors play essential roles as signaling molecules in pulp regeneration. We investigated the effect of a hyaluronic acid (HA)-collagen hybrid hydrogel with controlled release of fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-2 and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-BB on human pulp regeneration. The cell interaction and cytotoxicity of the HA-collagen hybrid hydrogel, the release kinetics of each growth factor, and the effects of the released growth factors on pulp cell proliferation were examined.

Long-term motor outcomes of deep brain stimulation of the globus pallidus interna in Parkinson's disease patients: Five-year follow-up.

Background: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of globus pallidus interna (GPi) is an established treatment for advanced Parkinson's disease (PD). However, in contrast to subthalamic nucleus (STN)-DBS, long-term outcomes of GPi-DBS have rarely been studied.

Objective: We investigated the long-term motor outcomes in PD patients at 5 years after GPi-DBS.

Orodispersible hyaluronic acid film delivery for oral wound healing in rats.

Background/purpose: Oral wound healing undergoes a dynamic process of oral environment. This study aimed to investigate the effects of hyaluronic acid (HA) film on oral wound healing in a rat model.

Materials And Methods: A total of 60 rats with tongue wounds (5 mm in diameter) were randomly divided into control ( = 20), HA gel ( = 20), and HA film groups ( = 20).

Clinical factors and dopamine transporter availability for the prediction of outcomes after globus pallidus deep brain stimulation in Parkinson's disease.

We aimed to investigate the predictive value of preoperative clinical factors and dopamine transporter imaging for outcomes after globus pallidus interna (GPi) deep brain stimulation (DBS) in patients with advanced Parkinson's disease (PD). Thirty-one patients with PD who received bilateral GPi DBS were included. The patients underwent preoperative [F] FP-CIT positron emission tomography before DBS surgery.

Korean medicine treatment for premature ovarian failure: Three case reports.

Introduction: Premature ovarian failure (POF) is defined as amenorrhea lasting for more than 4 months before 40 years of age, which is accompanied by a serum follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) concentration above 40 mlU/mL. POF can cause a series of symptoms associated with low estrogen levels, such as hot flushes, excessive sweating, and infertility. This study aimed to report three cases of POF that were treated successfully with Korean medicine.

Does reduced chewing ability efficiency influence cognitive function? Results of a 10-year national cohort study.

A growing body of literature suggests that oral health can influence cognitive function during aging. However, it is currently unclear whether reduced masticatory efficiency influences cognitive impairment in longitudinal studies.This study sought to investigate the effects of reduced chewing ability on the incidence of cognitive impairment using national representative data from 10 years of follow-up in Korea.

A Study of Drug Repurposing to Identify SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease (3CLpro) Inhibitors.

The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) wreaked havoc all over the world. Although vaccines for the disease have recently become available and started to be administered to the population in various countries, there is still a strong and urgent need for treatments to cure COVID-19. One of the safest and fastest strategies is represented by drug repurposing (DRPx).

Effect of mobile health intervention for self-management on self-efficacy, motor and non-motor symptoms, self-management, and quality of life in people with Parkinson's disease: Randomized controlled trial.

Objectives: To evaluate the effects of a mobile health intervention for self-management on self-efficacy, motor and non-motor symptoms, self-management, and quality of life in people with Parkinson's disease.

Methods: A randomized controlled design was used. The participants were randomly assigned to an intervention or a control group.