The Risk Factors Influencing between the Early and Late Recurrence in Systemic Recurrent Breast Cancer.

Purpose: Patients with recurrent breast cancer usually die of their disease, even after radical surgery and adjuvant therapies which could reduce the odds of dying. Many studies analyzed and compared patients who died of recurrent disease with those that died without recurrent disease. However, less attention has been paid to evaluating factors associated with the timing of recurrence.

Role of fine needle aspiration cytology, cell block preparation and CD63, P63 and CD56 immunostaining in classifying the specific tumor type of the lung.

Objective: To determine whether CD63, p63 and CD56 are useful in the diagnostic evaluation of cytologic samples of pulmonary malignancy.

Study Design: We explored the utility of using a panel of 3 antibodies, CD63, p63 and CD56, for the diagnosis of lung cancer in cytologic samples consisting of 40 cases of cell block sections and previously Papanicolaou-stained cytologic smear slides.

Results: The positive rates for CD63, p63 and CD56 were as follows: adenocarcinoma (18/19), (0/19), (0/19), for small cell lung carcinoma (3/8), (0/8), (8/8), and for squamous cell carcinoma (0/13), (12/13), (0/13).

Clinical implication of recurrent copy number alterations in hepatocellular carcinoma and putative oncogenes in recurrent gains on 1q.

To elucidate the pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and develop useful prognosis predictors, it is necessary to identify biologically relevant genomic alterations in HCC. In our study, we defined recurrently altered regions (RARs) common to many cases of HCCs, which may contain tumor-related genes, using whole-genome array-CGH and explored their associations with the clinicopathologic features. Gene set enrichment analysis was performed to investigate functional implication of RARs.

CD63 as a biomarker for predicting the clinical outcomes in adenocarcinoma of lung.

Background: The prognosis of lung cancer is still poor, since there are few early detection tools available yet. So, it is important to identify more efficient and clinically applicable biomarkers associated with the prognosis in as earlier stages as possible.

Patients And Methods: In this study, we observed the expression of CD63 in 90 cases of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) to explore the potential of this molecule as a prognostic biomarker for lung cancer subtypes using real-time quantitative RT-PCR and tissue microarray based immunohistochemistry.

Recurrent genomic alterations with impact on survival in colorectal cancer identified by genome-wide array comparative genomic hybridization.

Background & Aims: Although genetic aspects of tumorigenesis in colorectal cancer (CRC) have been well studied, reliable biomarkers predicting prognosis are scarce. We aimed to identify recurrently altered genomic regions (RAR) in CRC with high resolution, to investigate their implications on survival and to explore novel cancer-related genes in prognosis-associated RARs.

Methods: A 1-Mb resolution microarray-based comparative genomic hybridization (array CGH) was applied to 59 CRCs.

p21 as a prognostic factor in non-small cell lung carcinomas.

Few studies have focused on the correlation between p21 expression and survival for patients with non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC), and the results are not consistent. We investigated the expression of p21 in 90 cases of NSCLC to evaluate the correlation between the p21 expression level and the clinicopathologic characteristics with patient survival. p21 was expressed in the nuclei of all the NSCLCs.

Aspiration cytology of mediastinal seminoma: report of a case with emphasis on the diagnostic role of aspiration cytology, cell block and immunocytochemistry.

Background: Medigstinal seminoma ia an uncommon tumor that occurs primarily in young males. We present a case of mediastinal seminoma in an elderly male diagnosed on fine needle aspiration (FNA) tytology.

Case: A 62-year-old male was admitted to our hospital because of anterior chest pain for 2 weeks.

Genome-wide screening of genomic alterations and their clinicopathologic implications in non-small cell lung cancers.

Purpose: Although many genomic alterations have been observed in lung cancer, their clinicopathologic significance has not been thoroughly investigated. This study screened the genomic aberrations across the whole genome of non-small cell lung cancer cells with high-resolution and investigated their clinicopathologic implications.

Experimental Design: One-megabase resolution array comparative genomic hybridization was applied to 29 squamous cell carcinomas and 21 adenocarcinomas of the lung.

Aspiration cytology of pulmonary small cell variant of poorly differentiated synovial sarcoma metastatic from the tongue: a case report.

Background: Small cell variant ofpoorly differentiated synovial sarcoma (PDSS) is a great mimic of Ewing's sarcoma/primitive neuroectodermal tumor, with cytologic and immunohistochemical overlap.

Case: A 21-year-old male was admitted to our hospital because of a solitary pulmonary nodule that developed 22 months after resection of a tongue mass, small cell variant of PDSS. The nodule was biopsied via fluoroscopy-guided fine needle aspiration (FNA).

Extensive and divergent chromosomal losses in squamous and spindle-cell components of esophageal sarcomatoid carcinoma.

Sarcomatoid carcinoma of the esophagus is an unusual type of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) with a variable component of sarcomatoid spindle cells (SA). The loss of heterozygosity (LOH) involving multiple cancer-associated chromosomal arms has been reported to have a concerted, rather than an individual, effect on tumor progression. In order to delineate the role of LOH in the evolution of a biphasic tumor, the carcinoma in situ (CIS), invasive squamous cell carcinoma (ISCC), and SA components from a sarcomatoid carcinoma of the esophagus were compared for their clonality and extent of LOH.

Detection of germinal center B-cell lymphoma in archival specimens: critical evaluation of Bcl-6 protein expression in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of the tonsil.

Expression of Bcl-6 and CD10, markers for the tumor of the germinal center (GC) B-cell derivation, has been studied in primary diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBCLs) of the lymph node, gastrointestinal tract, and mediastinum. In these studies, the coexpression rate of CD10 and Bcl-6 was relatively constant at 30% approximately 40%, but the frequency of Bcl-6+ tumors varied from 55% to 100%, raising doubts about the usefulness of Bcl-6 expression in identifying the tumor of GC B-cell derivation. Because the expression of Bcl-6 in tumors of non-GC B-cell origin has recently been reported, we critically evaluated the expression of Bcl-6 and CD10 in primary DLBCLs of the tonsil, a relatively common tumor in Japan and Korea.

Critical evaluation of Bcl-6 protein expression in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of the stomach and small intestine.

Unlabelled: Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) of the gastrointestinal tract is heterogeneous, including mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) origin and non-MALT, and they are indistinguishable. MALT lymphoma is a tumor of a post-germinal center (GC) memory B-cell origin, which is negative for Bcl-6 protein expression in low-grade but may become positive in high-grade tumors. Because Bcl-6 expression patterns in lymphoma of GC and non-GC B-cell origins have recently been characterized and CD10 is generally regarded as a specific marker for GC B cells, we critically evaluated gastric and small intestinal DLBCLs to see whether it is possible to identify tumor of GC B-cell origin by immunostaining in archival specimens.

Schwannomas of the gastrointestinal tract: clinicopathological features of 12 cases including a case of esophageal tumor compared with those of gastrointestinal stromal tumors and leiomyomas of the gastrointestinal tract.

We analyzed the clinicopathological features of 12 gastrointestinal (GI) schwannomas and compared them with those of 37 GI stromal tumors (GISTs) and 15 leiomyomas. Grossly, the schwannomas showed rubbery to firm, yellow-white to tan, glistening, and often trabeculated cut surfaces, resembling soft tissue schwannomas. The GISTs were firm to soft or fish-flesh tan, gray-pink, or variegated tumors with a degenerative change, and the leimyomas resembled typical uterine leiomyomas.

Genetic classification of colorectal cancer based on chromosomal loss and microsatellite instability predicts survival.

Purpose: Colorectal cancers harbor one of two distinct alterations, unilateral chromosomal loss as evidenced by a loss of heterozygosity (LOH) and microsatellite instability (MSI), as represented by the widespread insertion or deletion of simple repeat nucleotides. We investigated the relationships between the clinicopathological features and microsatellite alterations (LOH and MSI) of 168 colorectal cancers.

Experimental Design: The concerted and individual effects of various chromosomal losses on survival were comparatively analyzed using a reference panel of 40 microsatellite markers in eight cancer-related chromosomes, 3p, 4p, 5q, 8p, 9p, 13q, 17p, and 18q.

Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) of gastrointestinal stromal tumor: an emphasis on diagnostic role of FNAC, cell block, and immunohistochemistry.

Recently the origin of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) is thought be the interstitial cells of Cajal or primitive stem cells. This study was performed to evaluate the roles of fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC), cell block preparation, and immunohistochemistry in the diagnosis of GISTs. Nine cases of GIST in which FNAC was performed were included in this study.