Analysis of Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis isolates from South Korea based on whole genome sequences, antibiotic resistance, and virulence assays.

We compared 15 Salmonella Enteritidis isolates collected in South Korea in 2023: 11 from chickens and 4 from humans. All isolates belonged to ST11, and they were divided into two clusters, rST3888 and rST1425. All four human isolates were colistin-resistant, and mcr-1 was identified in three isolates.

Phylogenetic Analysis Based on Whole Genome Sequences, Antibiotic Resistance, and Virulence of Clinical Isolates from South Korea.

is a major cause of foodborne disease and frequently causes human salmonellosis in South Korea. In this study, we investigated the genome diversity, antimicrobial resistance, and virulence of clinical isolates of from South Korea. We collected 42 subsp.

Comparative analyses of the faecal resistome against β-lactam and quinolone antibiotics in humans and livestock using metagenomic sequencing.

To assess the prevalence and abundance of antibiotic resistance genes in human and livestock gut microbiomes, 87 humans (healthy individuals and patients with Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI)) and 108 livestock (swine, cattle, and chickens) were enrolled. Gut microbiomes and fluoroquinolone-resistant Escherichia coli isolates were sequenced, and mobile genetic elements adjacent to the β-lactamase (bla) and transferable quinolone resistance (qnr) genes were compared using metagenomic contigs. Each group of humans and livestock exhibited distinctive microbiota and resistome compositions in the gut.

Development of reverse-transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification assays for point-of-care testing of human influenza virus subtypes H1N1 and H3N2.

Influenza A virus (IAV) is the most widespread pathogen causing human respiratory infections. Although polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based methods are currently the mostcommonly used tools for IAV detection, PCR is not ideal for point-of-care testing. In thisstudy, we aimed to develop a more rapid and sensitive method than PCR-based tools todetect IAV using loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) technology.

Rapid and specific detection of and using a loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay.

and are the main causative pathogens of onychomycosis. However, the sensitivity and specificity of conventional microscopic tests are insufficient for reliable diagnoses of onychomycosis. In this study, we developed loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assays for the rapid and specific identification of the two major spp.

Genetic Relatedness of 5-Year Isolates of Polymerase Chain Reaction Ribotype 017 Strains in a Hospital.

The objective of this study was to analyse the genetic relatedness of polymerase chain reaction ribotype 017 (RT017) strains from patients with hospital-acquired infection (HA-CDI) in a hospital with a high RT017 prevalence. From 2009 to 2013, 200 RT017 strains (26.8%) were collected from 745 HA-CDI patient isolates.

High fecal carriage of bla, bla, and plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes among healthy Korean people in a metagenomic analysis.

To characterize the carriage of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in the gut microbiome of healthy individuals. Fecal carriage of ARGs was investigated in 61 healthy individuals aged 30 to 59 years through whole metagenome sequencing of the gut microbiome and a targeted metagenomic approach. The number of ARGs in the gut microbiome was counted and normalized per million predicted genes (GPM).

Quantitative characterization of Clostridioides difficile population in the gut microbiome of patients with C. difficile infection and their association with clinical factors.

Objective was to analyse bacterial composition and abundance of Clostridioides difficile in gut microbiome of patients with C. difficile infection (CDI) in association with clinical characteristics. Whole metagenome sequencing of gut microbiome of 26 CDI patients was performed, and the relative abundance of C.

Ribotype variability of Clostridioides difficile strains in patients with hospital-acquired C. difficile infections, community-acquired C. difficile infections, and colonization with toxigenic and non-toxigenic strains of C. difficile.

There have been few available data that presented a direct comparison between polymerase chain reaction ribotype (RT) distribution of Clostridioides difficile strains from C. difficile infection (CDI) and colonization. To understand the epidemiology of CDI in a hospital setting, we compared RTs of C.

Change in antimicrobial susceptibility and PCR ribotypes of Clostridioides difficile in a hospital over 5 years: Correlation analysis with antimicrobial consumption.

Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) is a major concern in hospital settings. Antimicrobial resistance is a key contributing factor in CDI outbreaks. This study analysed the antimicrobial susceptibility and PCR ribotypes (RTs) of 745 C.

Prevalence, genetic relatedness and antibiotic resistance of hospital-acquired clostridium difficile PCR ribotype 018 strains.

Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) is a major healthcare-associated infection. The aim of this study was to investigate the genetic relatedness of the endemic C. difficile PCR ribotype 018 strains in an institution and changes to their characteristics during a five-year period.

Usefulness of Blood Cultures and Radiologic Imaging Studies in the Management of Patients with Community-Acquired Acute Pyelonephritis.

Background: The objective of this study was to examine the usefulness of blood cultures and radiologic imaging studies for developing therapeutic strategies in community-acquired acute pyelonephritis (CA-APN) patients.

Materials And Methods: We prospectively collected the clinical data of CA-APN patients who visited 11 hospitals from March 2010 to February 2011.

Results: Positive urine and blood cultures were obtained in 69.

Galpha12 Protects Vascular Endothelial Cells from Serum Withdrawal-Induced Apoptosis through Regulation of miR-155.

Purpose: Apoptosis of vascular endothelial cells is a type of endothelial damage that is associated with the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis. Heterotrimeric GTP-binding proteins (G proteins), including the alpha 12 subunit of G protein (Gα12), have been found to modulate cellular proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis of numerous cell types. However, the role of Gα12 in the regulation of apoptosis of vascular cells has not been elucidated.

Antioxidant activity of caffeoyl-prolyl-histidine amide and its effects on PDGF-induced proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells.

Caffeic acid (CA) is one of the antioxidants found in plants, which protects vascular cells against vascular injuries from oxidative stress. In our previous study, caffeoyl-prolyl-histidine amide (CA-L-Pro-L-His-NH2; CA-PH; a CA derivative) was synthesized, which exhibited a strong antioxidant activity with sufficient stability. In this study, we investigated the role of CA-PH in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and confirmed the enhanced antioxidant activity of CA-PH compared with that of CA.

Susceptibility of Escherichia coli from community-acquired urinary tract infection to fosfomycin, nitrofurantoin, and temocillin in Korea.

With increase of multi-drug resistant Escherichia coli in community-acquired urinary tract infections (CA-UTI), other treatment option with a therapeutic efficacy and a low antibiotic selective pressure is necessary. In this study, we evaluated in vitro susceptibility of E. coli isolates from CA-UTI to fosfomycin (FM), nitrofurantoin (NI), temocillin (TMO) as well as trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (SMX), ciprofloxacin (CIP) and cefepime (FEP).

Salvianolic acid B inhibits atherogenesis of vascular cells through induction of Nrf2-dependent heme oxygenase-1.

Aims: Salvianolic acid B (Sal B), one of the most active components of Danshen extracts, has beneficial roles in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. However, the precise mechanism by which Sal B exerts its effects on vascular cells is unclear. We aimed to elucidate the effects of Sal B on vascular cells and the underlying mechanisms.

FoxO1 is a negative regulator of FSHβ gene expression in basal and GnRH-stimulated conditions in female.

The importance of forkhead box class O (FoxO) proteins in reproductive endocrinology has been confirmed by age-dependent infertility in females in a FoxO3a-knockout mouse model. In this study, FoxO1 was detected in gonadotropes in the anterior pituitary. Overexpression of FoxO1 in primary pituitary cells decreased FSHβ gene expression in both basal and GnRH-stimulated conditions, and this result was replicated by the human FSHβ promoter activity.

Clinical and Microbiologic Characteristics of Clostridium difficile Infection Caused by Binary Toxin Producing Strain in Korea.

Background: Binary toxin-producing Clostridium difficile infections (CDI) are known to be more severe and to cause higher case fatality rates than those by binary toxin-negative isolates. There has been few data of binary toxin-producing CDI in Korea. Objective of the study is to characterize clinical and microbiological trait of CDI cause by binary-toxin producing isolates in Korea.

Clinical and microbiologic characteristics of tcdA-negative variant Clostridium difficile infections.

Background: The tcdA-negative variant (A-B+) of Clostridium difficile is prevalent in East Asian countries. However, the risk factors and clinical characteristics of A-B+C. difficile infections (CDI) are not clearly documented.

Epidemiology and clinical characteristics of Clostridium difficile infection in a Korean tertiary hospital.

In order to investigate the incidence, clinical and microbiologic characteristics of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) in Korea, a prospective observational study was performed. From September 2008 through January 2010, all patients whose stool was tested for toxin assay A&B and/or C. difficile culture were studied for clinical characteristics.

Characteristics of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes in extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli in Korea.

Background: Quinolone resistance is frequently associated with extended-spectrum cephalosporin resistance in Enterobacteriaceae.

Methods: The characteristics of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes [qnr genes, aac(6')-Ib-cr and qepA] in clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli resistant to extended-spectrum cephalosporin were studied.

Results: 5 and 4 of 95 E.

Gq protein mediates UVB-induced cyclooxygenase-2 expression by stimulating HB-EGF secretion from HaCaT human keratinocytes.

Ultraviolet (UV) radiation induces cyclooxygenase-2 expression to produce cellular responses including aging and carcinogenesis in skin. We hypothesised that heterotrimeric G proteins mediate UV-induced COX-2 expression by stimulating secretion of soluble HB-EGF (sHB-EGF). In this study, we aimed to elucidate the role and underlying mechanism of the alpha subunit of Gq protein (Galphaq) in UVB-induced HB-EGF secretion and COX-2 induction.

Risk factors and clinical features of infections caused by plasmid-mediated AmpC beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae.

A case-control study was performed with the objective of analysing risk factors and clinical features of infections caused by plasmid-mediated AmpC beta-lactamase (plasmid AmpC)-producing Enterobacteriaceae. All patients infected with plasmid AmpC-producing Enterobacteriaceae in two tertiary care hospitals from December 2006 to August 2007 were included. Plasmid AmpC enzymes were characterised by isoelectric focusing, enzyme inhibition assay and enzyme-specific polymerase chain reaction.