Mid-upper arm circumference as a screening tool for identifying physical frailty in community-dwelling older adults: The Korean Frailty and Aging Cohort Study.

Aims: Frailty in older adults is influenced by various factors, such as poor nutritional status. Mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) is a validated, simple, and non-invasive tool for assessing nutritional status. Despite its potential, no study has explored the association between MUAC and physical frailty in older adults.

Heavy metal exposure linked to metabolic syndrome in Korean male firefighters: FRESH cohort cross-sectional analysis.

This study aimed to identify the relationship between blood lead and Cadmium (Cd) concentrations and metabolic syndromes (MetS), including its components (central obesity, hypertriglyceridemia, low high-density lioioritein, hypertension, and hyperglycemia) among Korean firefighters. A total of 965 firefighters of the Enhancement of Safety and Health cohort were analyzed in this study. MetS was defined according to the 2005 revised National Cholesterol Education Program-Adult Treatment Panel III criteria and the Korean Society for the Study of Obesity criteria for waist circumference.

Change of Femoral Anteversion Angle in Children With Intoeing Gait Measured by Three-Dimensional Computed Tomography Reconstruction: 3-Year Follow-Up Study.

Objective: To investigate long-term changes in femoral anteversion angle (FAA) in children with intoeing gait and to identify factors that affect FAA changes.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed three-dimensional computed tomography data from 2006 to 2022 of children with intoeing gait with ≥3 years of follow-up without active treatment. The study examined the mean changes in FAA, the effects of sex, age, and initial FAA on FAA change, and mean FAAs by age.

Associations of cold exposure with hospital admission and mortality due to acute kidney injury: A nationwide time-series study in Korea.

Background: Emerging evidence supports an association between heat exposure and acute kidney injury (AKI). However, there is a paucity of studies on the association between cold exposure and AKI.

Objective: We aimed to investigate the associations of cold exposure with hospital admission and mortality due to AKI and to explore whether these associations were influenced by age and sex.

Percutaneous nephrostomy for complex renal stones: Percutaneous renal access behind the stone versus renal calyx dilation.

Objective: To evaluate the technical success rate and complications associated with percutaneous nephrostomy (PCN) via percutaneous renal access behind the stone and renal calyx dilation in patients with complex renal stones.

Materials And Methods: From January 2010 to February 2021, we identified 69 patients with 70 complex renal stones who underwent PCN. Complex renal stones were classified as simple (renal pelvis only) (27.

Effect of High Temperature on Walking among Residents of Rural and Urban Communities.

Purpose: This study aimed to establish the association between high temperature and walking among residents of rural and urban areas.

Materials And Methods: This cross-sectional study used data from the Korea Meteorological Administration and the 2018 Community Health Survey to confirm the association between temperature and walking practice. The dependent variable was walking practice.

Automatic Plaque Removal Using Dual-Energy Computed Tomography Angiography: Diagnostic Accuracy and Utility in Patients with Peripheral Artery Disease.

Background and Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the utility and accuracy of dual-energy automatic plaque removal (DE-APR) in patients with symptomatic peripheral arterial disease (PAD) using digital subtraction angiography (DSA) as the reference standard. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 100 patients with PAD who underwent DE computed tomography angiography (DE-CTA) and DSA of the lower extremities. DE-CTA was used to generate APR subtracted images.

Population attributable fraction of indicators for musculoskeletal diseases: a cross-sectional study of fishers in Korea.

Background: The musculoskeletal disease (MSD) burden is an important health problem among Korean fishers. We aimed to investigate the indicators of the prevalence of MSD and contributions of significant indicators to MSD in Korean fishers.

Methods: This cross-section study included 927 fishers (male, 371; female, 556) aged 40 to 79 years who were enrolled from 3 fishery safety and health centers.

Association between Disability and Edema Index Values in Rural Older Adult Osteosarcopenia Patients.

Purpose: This study analyzed the relationship between degree of disability and edema index [extracellular water/total body water (ECW/TBW) ratio] values in a rural population of older adult patients with osteopenia, sarcopenia, or osteosarcopenia (OS).

Materials And Methods: This study used data from the Namgaram-2 cohort. The degree of disability was measured using the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS) 12, and ECW/TBW ratio was calculated using bioelectrical impedance analysis.

Clinical and histopathological analyses of kidney biopsies in a single center for 7 years.

Kidney biopsy is the most important tool for diagnosing kidney disease and can be helpful in determining treatment and prognosis. Pathological spectra vary by country, region, race, sex, and age. We are the first to investigate the pathological spectrum of biopsy-proven kidney disease in Gyeongnam province of South Korea.

Associations between cold spells and hospital admission and mortality due to diabetes: A nationwide multi-region time-series study in Korea.

Background: Climate change is predicted to increase the frequency, intensity, and duration of extreme cold events in the mid-latitudes. However, although diabetes is one of the most critical metabolic diseases due to its high and increasing prevalence worldwide, few studies have investigated the short-term association between cold exposure and diabetes-related outcomes.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the associations between cold spells and their characteristics (intensity, duration, and seasonal timing) and hospital admission and mortality due to diabetes.

Achieving complete electrooxidation of ethanol by single atomic Rh decoration of Pt nanocubes.

SignificanceDirect ethanol fuel cells are attracting growing attention as portable power sources due to their advantages such as higher mass-energy density than hydrogen and less toxicity than methanol. However, it is challenging to achieve the complete electrooxidation to generate 12 electrons per ethanol, resulting in a low fuel utilization efficiency. This manuscript reports the complete ethanol electrooxidation by engineering efficient catalysts via single-atom modification.

The effect of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons on changes in the brain structure of firefighters: An analysis using data from the Firefighters Research on Enhancement of Safety & Health study.

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are formed during incomplete combustion of organic matter, and firefighters are highly exposed to these toxic compounds at fire sites. Exposure to PAHs can cause cognitive decline and neurodegeneration; however, to date, few studies have examined the potential effects of PAH exposure on structural changes in the brain. We aimed to investigate the association between the four types of PAH metabolites and the corresponding changes in neuroimaging markers based on smoking status and hypertension in male firefighters.

Muscle Exercise Mitigates the Negative Influence of Low Socioeconomic Status on the Lack of Muscle Strength: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Socioeconomic status (SES), which takes into account household income and education level, is an important factor in the role of muscle strength as a discriminator of sarcopenia. Although the benefits of exercise on muscle strength are well recognized, its influence on people of different SES has not been fully elucidated, informing the aim of this study. A total of 6081 subjects, for which we had complete data on measurements of handgrip strength (HGS) and other relevant variables, were included from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (KNHANES) VII-3.

Crystal Phase Transition Creates a Highly Active and Stable RuC Nanosurface for Hydrogen Evolution Reaction in Alkaline Media.

Although metastable crystal structures have received much attention owing to their utilization in various fields, their phase-transition to a thermodynamic structure has attracted comparably little interest. In the case of nanoscale crystals, such an exothermic phase-transition releases high energy within a confined surface area and reconstructs surface atomic arrangement in a short time. Thus, this high-energy nanosurface may create novel crystal structures when some elements are supplied.

Factors associated with assisted ventilation use in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a nationwide population-based study in Korea.

Few studies have investigated the factors associated with assisted ventilation use in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) in western countries with a relatively small number of participants. This study aimed to evaluate the factors associated with assisted ventilation use using a large nationwide cohort covering the entire Korean population. We selected patients with primary or secondary diagnoses of ALS (ICD-10 code: G12.

Associations between Frailty in Older Adults and Malnutrition in Rural Areas: 2019 Updated Version of the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of frailty among an older adult population living in rural communities and to determine if frailty is associated with nutritional status after adjusting for sarcopenia and depression.

Materials And Methods: This research used baseline data from the Namgaram-2 study. Frailty was evaluated using the Kaigo-Yobo checklist in an older Korean population.

Translation and validation of the Korean version of the Sarcopenia Quality of Life (SarQoL-K®) questionnaire and applicability with the SARC-F screening tool.

Purpose: The purpose of this paper was to translate and validate into the Korea language and setting the Sarcopenia Quality of Life (SarQoL®) questionnaire.

Methods: The participants consisted of 450 individuals in Namgaram-2 cohort who were followed up in 2019-2020. The study participants were divided into four groups: (1) SARC-F < 4, (2) SARC-F ≥ 4 and robust grip strength, (3) SARC-F ≥ 4, low grip strength, robust muscle mass, (4) SARC-F ≥ 4, low grip strength, and low muscle mass.

Effects of a Cognitive-Functional Intervention Method on Improving Executive Function and Self-Directed Learning in School-Aged Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: A Single-Subject Design Study.

Background: School-aged children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) face many difficulties with self-directed learning because of their poor executive function. This leads to secondary problems such as learning disabilities and depression, so the role of intervention to improve executive function in school-aged children with ADHD is important.

Objective: The present study is aimed to investigate how cognitive-functional (Cog-Fun) intervention affected executive function of school-aged children with ADHD and the sustainability of these effects.

Regional Differences in the Association between Dietary Patterns and Muscle Strength in Korean Older Adults: Data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2014-2016.

Objectives: Adequate nutrition is an important factor to prevent sarcopenia in older adults. The purpose of this study was to identify the regional differences in the association between dietary pattern and muscle strength in older Korean adults.

Methods: This study was based on data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) in 2014-2016.

Comparison of Lamina Cribrosa Morphology in Normal Tension Glaucoma and Autosomal-Dominant Optic Atrophy.

Purpose: To compare lamina cribrosa (LC) morphology in patients with normal tension glaucoma (NTG) and autosomal-dominant optic atrophy (ADOA).

Methods: This cross-sectional study matched 24 patients diagnosed with ADOA (24 eyes) by age and retinal nerve fiber layer thickness with 48 patients diagnosed with NTG (48 eyes) by age with 48 healthy controls (48 eyes). Optic nerve heads were scanned by enhanced-depth imaging (EDI) optical coherence tomography (OCT).

Association of the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) with Muscle Strength in Community-Dwelling Elderly with Knee Osteoarthritis.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the correlation between muscle strength and knee symptoms (pain, stiffness, and functional limitation) regardless of the presence of radiologic knee osteoarthritis (RKOA) in community-dwelling elderly.

Patients And Methods: This cross-sectional study used data from the Namgaram-2 cohort. The Namgaram-2 cohort consisted of participants living in three rural communities.

Validation of the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index Short Form (WOMAC-SF) and Its Relevance to Disability and Frailty.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the validity of the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index Short Form (WOMAC-SF) for the assessment of musculoskeletal disorders. We evaluated whether WOMAC-SF correlated with the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 12 (WHODAS-12) and Kaigo-Yobo questionnaires for assessing health-outcomes in Korea.

Materials And Methods: This cross-sectional study used data from the Namgaram-2 cohort.

Blood pressure and the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events among firefighters.

Objective: No long-term follow-up study has investigated the effect of blood pressure (BP) on cardiovascular disease mortality and morbidity in firefighters. To investigate the effects of BP on the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) using a national representative population-matched cohort.

Methods: We enrolled all firefighters (N = 8242) and 28 678 referent controls aged more than 40 years who underwent baseline health examinations in 2002 and 2003.