Using Variable Data-Independent Acquisition for Capillary Electrophoresis-Based Untargeted Metabolomics.

Capillary electrophoresis coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (CE-MS/MS) offers advantages in peak capacity and sensitivity for metabolic profiling owing to the electroosmotic flow-based separation. However, the utilization of data-independent MS/MS acquisition (DIA) is restricted due to the absence of an optimal procedure for analytical chemistry and its related informatics framework. We assessed the mass spectral quality using two DIA techniques, namely, all-ion fragmentation (AIF) and variable DIA (vDIA), to isolate 60-800 Da precursor ions with respect to annotation rates.

Sarcopenia, a Risk Predictor of Postoperative Acute Kidney Injury in Elderly Patients after Hip Fracture Surgery: A Retrospective Analysis.

Hip fracture surgery, which affects quality of life, can be a major challenge in geriatric populations. Although sarcopenia is known to be associated with postoperative outcomes, there are few studies on the association between sarcopenia and postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) in this population. We investigated the association between sarcopenia and postoperative AKI in elderly patients following hip fracture surgery.

Use of stepwise lung recruitment maneuver to predict fluid responsiveness under lung protective ventilation in the operating room.

Recent research has revealed that hemodynamic changes caused by lung recruitment maneuvers (LRM) with continuous positive airway pressure can be used to identify fluid responders. We investigated the usefulness of stepwise LRM with increasing positive end-expiratory pressure and constant driving pressure for predicting fluid responsiveness in patients under lung protective ventilation (LPV). Forty-one patients under LPV were enrolled when PPV values were in a priori considered gray zone (4% to 17%).

Unintended subdural anesthesia and subdural air bubbles after attempted epidural anesthesia in a patient undergoing cesarean section.

Background: Unintended subdural anesthesia accompanied by air bubbles compressing the cauda after attempting epidural anesthesia is rare.

Cases: A 41-year-old pregnant woman was scheduled to undergo epidural anesthesia for cesarean section. After attempting epidural anesthesia, she experienced prolonged hypotension and recovery time, especially in the right extremity.

Effects of head-elevated position on tracheal intubation using a McGrath MAC videolaryngoscope in patients with a simulated difficult airway: a prospective randomized crossover study.

Background: The head-elevated laryngoscopy position has been described to be optimal for intubation, particularly in obese patients and those with anticipated difficult airways. Horizontal alignment of the external auditory meatus and sternal notch (AM-S) can be used as endpoints for optimal positioning. Thus, we aligned the head-elevated position with the AM-S in the horizontal plane and evaluated its effect on laryngeal visualization and ease of intubation using a McGrath MAC videolaryngoscope in patients with a simulated difficult airway.

The influence of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) in predicting fluid responsiveness in patients undergoing one-lung ventilation.

Dynamic preload parameters such as pulse pressure variation (PPV) and stroke volume variation (SVV) have widely been used as accurate predictors for fluid responsiveness in patients under mechanical ventilation. To circumvent the limitation of decreased cyclic change of intrathoracic pressure, we performed an intermittent PEEP challenge test to evaluate whether PPV or SVV can predict fluid responsiveness during one-lung ventilation (OLV). Forty patients undergoing OLV were analyzed.

Efficacy of intermittent epidural dexamethasone bolus for zoster-associated pain beyond the acute phase.

Herpes zoster develops when latent varicella zoster virus is reactivated in the trigeminal or dorsal root ganglions. Zoster-associated pain (ZAP) is neuropathic pain caused by the herpes zoster virus. Histological studies of postherpetic neuralgia patients suggest that inflammation is involved in ZAP.

Correction to: Mitral regurgitation detected during the intraoperative period after atrial septal defect closure: a case report.

The original article [1] contained a typo in author, Joo Hyun Jun's name. This has now been corrected.

Is Tube Thermosoftening Helpful for Videolaryngoscope-Guided Nasotracheal Intubation?: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Thermosoftening of the endotracheal tube (ETT) and telescoping the ETT into a rubber catheter have been suggested as a method for reducing epistaxis during nasotracheal intubation (NTI). However, thermosoftening technique is known to make it difficult to navigate the ETT into trachea without the use of Magill forceps during NTI. The cuff inflation technique has been suggested as an effective alternative to the use of Magill forceps to improve the oropharyngeal navigation of the ETT, irrespective of their stiffness, during direct laryngoscope-guided NTI.

The tidal volume challenge improves the reliability of dynamic preload indices during robot-assisted laparoscopic surgery in the Trendelenburg position with lung-protective ventilation.

Background: The reliability of pulse pressure variation (PPV) and stroke volume variation (SVV) is controversial under pneumoperitoneum. In addition, the usefulness of these indices is being called into question with the increasing adoption of lung-protective ventilation using low tidal volume (V) in surgical patients. A recent study indicated that changes in PPV or SVV obtained by transiently increasing V (V challenge) accurately predicted fluid responsiveness even in critically ill patients receiving low V.

Mitral regurgitation detected during the intraoperative period after atrial septal defect closure: a case report.

Background: Atrial septal defect (ASD) is a congenital cardiac defect often diagnosed in adult patients. Mitral regurgitation (MR) observed in ASD patients mostly improves after ASD closure. However, a subset of adult ASD patients present new-onset MR or aggravation of preexisting MR after ASD closure.

Efficacy of forced-air warming and warmed intravenous fluid for prevention of hypothermia and shivering during caesarean delivery under spinal anaesthesia: A randomised controlled trial.

Background: Peri-operative hypothermia and shivering are frequent events in patients during caesarean delivery under spinal anaesthesia.

Objective: We assessed the efficacy of combined pre-anaesthetic forced-air warming in combination with warmed intravenous fluid infusion for preventing hypothermia and shivering during caesarean delivery under spinal anaesthesia.

Design: A randomised controlled study.

Effect of pre-warming on perioperative hypothermia during holmium laser enucleation of the prostate under spinal anesthesia: a prospective randomized controlled trial.

Background: The purpose of this study is to assess whether the application of preoperative forced air warming set to high temperature (> 43 °C) for brief period can increase temperature on admission to the postanesthesia care unit (PACU) and prevent hypothermia or shivering during holmium laser enucleation of the prostate performed under spinal anesthesia.

Methods: Fifty patients were enrolled were assigned randomly to receive passive insulation (control group, n = 25) or forced-air skin surface warming for 20 min before spinal anesthesia (pre-warming group, n = 25). The primary outcome was temperature at PACU admission.

The Effect of Nefopam Infusion during Laparascopic Cholecystectomy on Postoperative Pain.

While recovery from remifentanil is fast due to its rapid metabolism, it can induce hyperalgesia by activation of N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptors. Therefore, administration of NMDA receptor antagonists such as ketamine is effective in relieving hyperalgesia caused by remifentanil. A previous study showed that nefopam administration before anesthesia combined with low-dose remifentanil reduced pain and analgesic consumption during the immediate postoperative period.

Effects of a Single-Dose Interscalene Block on Pain and Stress Biomarkers in Patients Undergoing Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Purpose: To compare the effects of a single-dose interscalene block and general anesthesia (SISB/GA) with the effects of GA only in the early postoperative period after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair by evaluating subjective pain visual analog scale scores and objective pain-related stress biomarkers.

Methods: Patients refractory to conservative treatment of the affected shoulder were enrolled in this prospective, randomized endpoint study. Patients diagnosed with a rotator cuff tear (1-4 cm) based on magnetic resonance imaging were included.

Head Elevation in Spinal-Epidural Anesthesia Provides Improved Hemodynamics and Appropriate Sensory Block Height at Caesarean Section.

Purpose: We aimed to determine whether head elevation during combined spinal-epidural anesthesia (CSE) and Caesarean section provided improved hemodynamics and appropriate sensory block height.

Materials And Methods: Forty-four parous women undergoing CSE for elective Caesarean section were randomly assigned to one of two groups: right lateral (group L) or right lateral and head elevated (group HE) position, for insertion of the block. Patients were positioned in the supine wedged position (group L) or the left lateral and head elevated position (group HE) until a block height of T5 to light touch was reached.

Effects of ultrasound-guided stellate ganglion block on acute pain after arthroscopic shoulder surgery.

Background And Objectives: Apart from a few case reports, the effectiveness of stellate ganglion block (SGB) as a monotherapy in acute nociceptive pain has not been determined. We aimed to assess the effects of SGB on postoperative pain after arthroscopic shoulder surgery.

Study Design: Randomized, blind, controlled, clinical trial

Setting: University Hospital outpatient

Methods: Forty-six patients undergoing arthroscopic shoulder surgery were assigned randomly to 2 groups: group S included patients who underwent SGB prior to surgery and group C did not.

Comparison of effects of intraoperative esmolol and ketamine infusion on acute postoperative pain after remifentanil-based anesthesia in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

Background: Remifentanil is a short-acting drug with a rapid onset that is useful in general anesthesia. Recently, however, it has been suggested that the use of opioids during surgery may cause opioid-induced hyperalgesia (OIH). Researchers have recently reported that esmolol, an ultra-short-acing β1 receptor antagonist, reduces the postoperative requirement for morphine and provides more effective analgesia than the administration of remifentanil and ketamine.

Comparison of spread of subarachnoid sensory block and incidence of hypotension in early and late second trimester of pregnancy.

Background: Obstetric or non-obstetric surgery can be performed in pregnant women during the second trimester. We evaluated maximal sensory block level (MSBL), and other sensory block characteristics after spinal anesthesia in early and late second trimester pregnant women.

Methods: Forty-four pregnant women scheduled for cervical cerclage under spinal anesthesia in the early second trimester (Group E) or in the late second trimester (Group L) were enrolled in this study.

Motor Weakness after Caudal Epidural Injection Using the Air-acceptance Test.

Air injected into the epidural space may spread along the nerves of the paravertebral space. Depending on the location of the air, neurologic complications such as multiradicular syndrome, lumbar root compression, and even paraplegia may occur. However, cases of motor weakness caused by air bubbles after caudal epidural injection are rare.

Anesthetic experience using total intravenous anesthesia in a patient with Isaacs' syndrome -A case report-.

We report on an anesthetic experience with a 74-year-old female with Isaacs' syndrome, who underwent elective surgery for open rotator cuff repair. Isaacs' syndrome is a rare peripheral motor neuron disorder with clinical manifestations such as involuntary muscle twitching, cramps, mild weakness and increased sweating. To avoid prolonged neuromuscular blockade, the patient was observed with neuromuscular monitoring during total intravenous anesthesia with propofol, remifentanil, and atracurium.

[Estrogen-like effects of Menoprogen on female ovariectomized rats].

Objective: To study the estrogen-like action mechanism of Menoprogen on ovariectomized female rats.

Method: Ovariectomized rat model (OVX) was established and estradiol (17beta-estradiol, E2) was used as positive control. The uterine coefficient and serum E2 level were determined after administration of Menoprogen for 2 weeks.

Comparison of loss of resistance technique between Epidrum® and conventional method for identifying the epidural space.

Background: Epidrum® is a recently developed, air operated, loss of resistance (LOR) device for identifying the epidural space. We investigated the usefulness of Epidrum® by comparing it with the conventional LOR technique for identifying the epidural space.

Methods: One hundred eight American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status I or II patients between the ages of 17 and 68 years old and who were scheduled for elective surgery under combined spinal-epidural anesthesia were enrolled in this study.

Effect of warmed ropivacaine solution on onset and duration of axillary block.

Background: Bicarbonate, as an adjunct increasing the non-ionized form of local anesthetics, can reduce latency and prolong duration of regional nerve block. Warming of local anesthetics decreases pKa and also increases the non-ionized form of local anesthetics. We warmed ropivacaine to body temperature (37℃) and evaluated the sensory block onset time, motor block onset time and analgesic duration of axillary block.