Psychological interventions decrease unintended pregnancies: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Despite innovations in contraceptive methods, unintended pregnancies remain common. Researchers have examined psychological approaches to decrease unintended pregnancies through contraceptive use. These interventions have involved applying aspects of social cognitive theory, the health belief model and self-determination theory.

The Association between the Five-factor Model of Personality and Problem Gambling: a Meta-analysis.

This meta-analysis examined the associations between five-factor personality model traits and problem gambling. To be eligible for inclusion in the meta-analysis, studies had to provide effect size data that quantified the magnitude of the association between all five personality traits and problem gambling. Studies also had to use psychometrically sound measures.

[Narrow band UVB phototherapy in the treatment of widespread lichen planus].

Introduction: UVA phototherapy, acitretin and oral corticosteroids are currently the front-line treatment of disseminated cutaneous lichen planus. We studied the efficacy of narrow band UVB therapy in this indication.

Patients And Methods: We retrospectively studied the dossiers of patients suffering from disseminated cutaneous lichen planus, treated with narrow band phototherapy in the Phototherapy Unit of the University hospital in Montpellier, from May to November of the year 2001.

Treatment and prophylaxis of seborrheic dermatitis of the scalp with antipityrosporal 1% ciclopirox shampoo.

Objective: To demonstrate the efficacy, safety, and tolerance of ciclopirox shampoo for treatment and prophylaxis of seborrheic dermatitis of the scalp.

Design: Multicenter, randomized, double-blind, vehicle-controlled study. After treatment with ciclopirox shampoo once or twice weekly or vehicle for 4 weeks (study segment A), responders were randomized to a 12-week prophylactic study arm (segment B).

[For a coordination of the supportive care for people affected by severe illnesses: proposition of organization in the public and private health care centres].

The concept of continuous and global care is acknowledged today by all as inherent to modern medicine. A working group gathered to propose models for the coordination of supportive care for all severe illnesses in the various private and public health care centres. The supportive care are defined as: "all care and supports necessary for ill people, at the same time as specific treatments, along all severe illnesses".

Is combined oral and topical therapy better than oral therapy alone in patients with moderate to moderately severe acne vulgaris? A comparison of the efficacy and safety of lymecycline plus adapalene gel 0.1%, versus lymecycline plus gel vehicle.

This multicenter, randomized, investigator-blinded study compared the efficacy and tolerability of a combination of lymecycline 300 mg/day orally and adapalene topical gel 0.1% (n = 118) to lymecycline 300 mg/day orally plus vehicle gel (n = 124) in patients with moderate to moderately severe acne vulgaris with both inflammatory and noninflammatory lesions. The primary efficacy end point, total lesion count at end point (last observation carried forward), showed a statistically significant difference in favor of the lymecycline plus adapalene group (P =.

[Simvastatin-induced lichen planus pemphigoides].

Introduction: Simvastatin is a competitive inhibitor of the 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase which is effective in the treatment of various hyperlipidemia. We report a case of lichen planus pemphigoides induced by simvastatin treatment.

Case Report: A 63-year-old man was treated for two months with simvastatin for hypercholesterolemia.

[Allergy investigations in eczema].

Investigation of allergy is of major importance in the diagnosis of eczema. It is mainly based on patient history: personal and familial atopic antecedents, possible contact with allergens at the work-site, in the household or during leisure activities, or in topical medications, cosmetics or clothing. Among complementary examinations, detection of eosinophilia or elevated IgE has no practical application, but sometimes the presence of specific IgE can be useful.

Multicenter randomized comparative double-blind controlled clinical trial of the safety and efficacy of zinc gluconate versus minocycline hydrochloride in the treatment of inflammatory acne vulgaris.

Background: In addition to tetracyclines, zinc may constitute an alternative treatment in inflammatory lesions of acne.

Objective: To evaluate the place of zinc gluconate in relation to antibiotics in the treatment of acne vulgaris.

Methods: Zinc was compared to minocycline in a multicenter randomized double-blind trial.

Transient protection by peripheral benzodiazepine receptors during the early events of ultraviolet light-induced apoptosis.

The peripheral benzodiazepine receptor (PBR) is a mitochondrial protein involved in the formation of mitochondrial permeability transition (PT) pores which play a critical role during the early events of apoptosis. PBRs are located in many tissues and are strongly expressed in the superficial layers of human epidermis. PBRs play a protective role against free radical damage and PBR ligands modulate apoptosis.

Ultraviolet AI exposure of human skin results in Langerhans cell depletion and reduction of epidermal antigen-presenting cell function: partial protection by a broad-spectrum sunscreen.

Background: Ultraviolet (UV) B-induced effects on the skin immune system have been extensively investigated, but little is known regarding the immunological changes induced by UVA exposure of human skin. Recent data assessing the protection afforded by sunscreens against photoimmunosuppression stress the need for broad-spectrum sunscreens with an adequate UVA protection.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was first to determine the changes observed in epidermal Langerhans cells (ELC) density and epidermal antigen-presenting cell (APC) activity after exposure of human skin to UVAI (340-400 nm) radiation, and secondly to assess the immune protection afforded in vivo by a sunscreen formulation containing a long wavelength UVA filter with a low UVA protection factor (UVA-PF = 3).

Morphine and alternative opioids in cancer pain: the EAPC recommendations.

An expert working group of the European Association for Palliative Care has revised and updated its guidelines on the use of morphine in the management of cancer pain. The revised recommendations presented here give guidance on the use of morphine and the alternative strong opioid analgesics which have been introduced in many parts of the world in recent years. Practical strategies for dealing with difficult situations are described presenting a consensus view where supporting evidence is lacking.

[Contact dermatitis caused by labile henna skin tattoo].

Background: Contact dermatitis to henna are rarely reported. Most of the time, they are related to additives, especially scented oils or paraphenylene diamine. This latter substance is added to shorten the time of application and to enhance the darkness of the color.