Publications by authors named "Meunier H"
Article Synopsis
- Gallup's theory suggests that self-awareness is necessary for understanding others' mental states, known as theory of mind.
- Following this idea, Humphrey indicated that by being aware of our own thoughts and feelings, we can better infer what others might be thinking or feeling in similar situations.
- Recent research in fields like psychology has tested and provided evidence supporting Gallup's hypothesis about the link between self-awareness and understanding others' minds.
Article Synopsis
- Conflict management involves both preventing and repairing the damage from social conflicts, with a focus on understanding primates' decision-making processes related to conflict.
- A study with Tonkean macaques examined how they navigate social dilemmas, showing that they consider the costs of conflict versus rewards when making choices.
- Findings indicate that these macaques balance social hierarchy and reward value in their decisions, often prioritizing group cohesion and peacekeeping over personal gains.
Article Synopsis
- Detecting predators is crucial for survival, and the Snake Detection Theory (SDT) posits that primates evolved specialized skills to spot snakes, a longstanding threat.
- Recent research involved Tonkean and rhesus macaques to assess their abilities in identifying various predators through an oddity task that measured their reaction times and success rates over 400,000 trials.
- Findings revealed that macaques were quicker at identifying geometric shapes than animals, and showed similar detection abilities for snakes and other predators, challenging the idea that snakes uniquely capture primate attention.
Introduction: To analyze the safety and long-term result of bariatric surgery in patients with psychiatric disorders.
Material And Methods: From January 2009 to December 2018, n = 961 patients underwent bariatric surgery in a tertiary center. Among them, two groups of patients were created: a group of patients with psychiatric disorders (PG) and a group without psychiatric disorders (CG), using a propensity score matched (PSM).
Article Synopsis
- Revisional bariatric surgery (RBS) is becoming more common, but it presents unique challenges for surgeons and has limited data available for analysis.
- Data from 252 patients who had RBS after two types of previous surgeries (LAGB and LSG) were examined over a two-year period, with a focus on overall health outcomes and complications.
- The study found that RBS following LSG had higher overall morbidity, while RBS after LAGB resulted in more perioperative complications, with significant differences in weight loss outcomes between the two groups.
Article Synopsis
- - The study reveals that 12 species of macaques originated from a hybridization event between two ancestral groups around 3.45 to 3.56 million years ago, which is a rare case of hybrid speciation in animals.
- - It found that the X chromosomes and low-recombination regions had equal parental lineage contributions, indicating they maintained the hybrid characteristics effectively, which is important for hybrid species integrity.
- - The research also identified reproduction-related genes that may contribute to the unique sexual traits of macaques and confirmed that all Western macaque species are vulnerable to HIV-1 infection, providing new insights into their evolutionary history.
Article Synopsis
- Inhibitory control helps animals resist impulsive behavior, which is crucial for navigating complex social settings, especially in species with varying degrees of social tolerance.
- The study compared inhibitory control abilities among three macaque species with different social tolerances (low, medium, and high) using touchscreen tasks.
- Results showed that macaques with higher social tolerance exhibited better inhibitory control, being less impulsive and distracted, indicating that evolution favors these skills to manage complex social interactions.
Background: To identify preoperative risk factors for discharge failure beyond postoperative day two (POD-2) in bariatric surgery ERAS program in a tertiary referral center.
Methods: all consecutive patients who underwent laparoscopic bariatric treated in accordance with ERAS protocol between January 2017 and December 2019 were included. Two groups were identified, failure of early discharge (> POD-2) (ERAS-F) and success of early discharge (≤ POD-2) (ERAS-S).
Article Synopsis
- The study examines the long-standing question of mirror self-recognition in animals, specifically capuchin monkeys, addressing concerns about the methodology used in previous research.
- Researchers noted that past studies typically used vertical mirrors, while reflective surfaces in nature are more often horizontal, which could impact results.
- In the end, capuchin monkeys did not show self-recognition by failing to remove stickers placed on their foreheads in front of a horizontal mirror, suggesting they do not possess this ability, although the modified test could help future research.
Article Synopsis
- Developing brain imaging is crucial for assessing neurological health in preterm infants, as impaired brain growth is linked to negative outcomes, independent of visible brain injuries.
- This study evaluated the accuracy of cerebral ultrasound (cUS) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in measuring brain structures and identifying injuries in infants born before 32 weeks of gestation at their term equivalent age (TEA).
- Results showed that cUS performed similarly to MRI for detecting hemorrhages, but MRI was better for identifying specific white matter lesions, with good inter-observer agreement on most measurements, except for some dimensions of the corpus callosum and vermis.
Article Synopsis
- Behavioral coordination in primates heavily relies on co-representation, where an individual understands both their own and their partner's actions simultaneously; however, this study found that co-representation actually hinders joint performance rather than helping it.
- The research explored whether social factors like grooming behavior, sociality, rank, or centrality could explain variations in co-representation among different monkey species, but these factors did not predict individual differences.
- The findings suggest that successful cooperation is more about learned behaviors from shared experiences rather than innate inhibitory control, indicating a need for better-designed tasks that promote, instead of inhibit, cooperation to study co-representation effectively.
Article Synopsis
- Amblyopia is a significant public health issue that requires effective visual acuity assessments, but many smartphone apps lack scientific validation for medical use.
- A study involving 100 children aged 3 to 8 compared the eMOVA test, a tablet-based assessment, to a conventional test (Rossano-Weiss test) to evaluate its effectiveness and usability.
- Although the eMOVA test slightly overestimated visual acuity, it was well-received by children and parents, proving to be a reliable and convenient tool for pediatric eye examinations in hospital settings.
Article Synopsis
- Human joint actions can be improved by understanding both your own and your partner's tasks, but sometimes this shared representation can lead to interference, hindering performance.
- Research on brown capuchins, Tonkean macaques, and marmosets in a joint Simon task showed that while corepresentation existed in all species, its impact on cooperation varied significantly.
- Marmosets, which breed cooperatively, exhibited the weakest corepresentation effect and the highest success in cooperation, suggesting that cooperative behavior and flexibility aren't solely tied to brain size but rather to the species' natural inclination towards cooperation.
Article Synopsis
- Economic risk proneness is observed in both children and capuchin monkeys, with different preferences for risk in economic choices.
- In a gambling task, toddlers favored risky options with unexpected outcomes, while capuchin monkeys preferred the safer, secure choices, indicating different strategies.
- The study suggests that toddlers' attraction to uncertain rewards is tied to their desire for novelty, whereas capuchins demonstrate risk aversion by sticking to known and safe options.
Purpose: Few studies have evaluated the association between non-clinical determinants (socioeconomic status and geographic accessibility to healthcare) and the outcomes of bariatric surgery, with conflicting results. This study aimed to evaluate this association.
Methods: The medical records of 1599 consecutive patients who underwent either laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass or laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy between June 2005 and December 2017 were retrieved.
Background: Patients over 60 years old undergoing bariatric surgery is still increasing.
Objectives: First, to assess the impact of age (>60 years) on the 90-day morbidity and mortality of both laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGB) and sleeve gastrectomy (LSG), and second, to determine the effectiveness of surgical weight loss and resolution of obesity-related comorbidities for patients 60 years of age and older over a 2-year period.
Setting: Bicentric study from University Hospital of Caen and Memorial Hospital of Saint Lô, France.
Article Synopsis
- Group living can be stressful, and social organization impacts the health and well-being of individuals, with this study focusing on how different dominance styles in macaques affect stress levels.
- The research compares hair cortisol concentrations between egalitarian Tonkean macaques and despotic long-tailed macaques, finding higher cortisol in Tonkeans (mean 349.67 pg/mg) than in long-tails (mean 231.2 pg/mg).
- Results indicate that lower dominance rank certainty and increased cortisol in Tonkeans may be linked to less predictable social relationships, highlighting the effects of social structure on stress.
Background: Bariatric surgery may be associated with severe postoperative complications (SPC). Factors associated with the risk of SPC have not been fully investigated.
Objectives: This study aimed to identify preoperative risk factors of SPC within 90 days and to develop a risk prediction model based on these factors.
Article Synopsis
- Dominance hierarchy is crucial in animal societies, but traditional methods of assessing it can be affected by various challenges like environmental factors and difficulties in recognizing individuals.
- This research utilized automated learning and testing machines (MALT) to track and measure the dominance dynamics among semi-free-ranging Tonkean macaques, revealing a strong correlation between MALT data and observed social interactions.
- The study confirms that MALT offers a reliable, low-labor approach for continuously monitoring dominance hierarchies, which can be beneficial for managing animal groups, even in fluctuating environments.
Background And Purpose: MR imaging has a key role in predicting neurodevelopmental outcomes following neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). A novel MR imaging scoring system for hypoxic-ischemic brain injury was used in our patient population with the aim of assessing interobserver variability and developing subcategories for the severity of brain injury.
Materials And Methods: We evaluated brain MR images of 252 infants who underwent hypothermia for HIE between 2014 and 2019.
Article Synopsis
- Foraging in changing environments is complex, and larger brains are often tied to fruit-based diets in primates.
- The study examined how three species of semi-free-ranging primates, with varying reliance on fruit, used spatial and temporal cues to locate food during foraging experiments with manipulated food availability.
- Results showed that primates effectively remembered food distribution patterns, demonstrating flexible foraging strategies even when usual cues or seasonal patterns were altered.
Background: Bariatric surgery is associated with decreased cancer-related mortality. An indefinite proportion of patients that undergo bariatric surgery have a history of malignancy or will develop cancer. In these patients, weight loss and oncologic evolution needed to be assessed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA new visual acuity test on touchpad for vision screening in children.
Int J Ophthalmol
September 2020
Article Synopsis
- - The study aimed to validate a touchpad visual acuity test for children by comparing it to traditional tests, using a cohort of 101 pediatric patients aged 3 to 10 in Strasbourg, France.
- - Results showed strong correlations between the touchpad app and standard tests for monocular and binocular vision, with low measurement errors and no significant differences in results.
- - The touchpad application proved to be an effective tool for screening visual impairments in children, demonstrating good sensitivity (92%) and specificity (80%) for identifying amblyopia.
Article Synopsis
- Complex social relationships in primates have driven the evolution of social cognition, which helps them navigate their social worlds.
- Research on Tonkean macaques shows that they react more strongly to conflicts between friends compared to non-friends, indicating an ability to recognize and prioritize important social bonds.
- This suggests that friendships play a crucial role in the social dynamics of primate groups, as monitoring such relationships helps them maintain social structure.
Article Synopsis
- The study addresses the challenge of low anisotropic resolution in neonatal brain MRI analysis by proposing a method that combines high-resolution reconstruction and image segmentation simultaneously using generative adversarial networks.
- The paper details the architecture and implementation of the network, with additional resources available on GitHub, and demonstrates its effectiveness in analyzing cortical structures from neonatal MR images.
- The results show strong performance metrics and usability for medical applications, with the software being freely available for anyone to use on their own MR image datasets.