Organic waste and beechwood cellulose blend saccharification and validation of hydrolysates by fermentation.

This study demonstrates the sustainable advancement of fermentation media by blending the organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) with organosolv beechwood cellulose. Investigations examined the effects of enzyme dosages and OFMSW integration into organosolv beechwood cellulose on sugar yield. The findings indicate that OFMSW inclusion and Cellic® CTec3 dosage significantly influence hydrolysis across two different batches of beechwood cellulose.

Quality assurance of internal mammary node irradiation in the DBCG IMN2 study.

Purpose/objective: The Danish Breast Cancer Group (DBCG) IMN2 study investigated the gain from internal mammary node irradiation (IMNI) in node-positive breast cancer patients. IMNI was indicated in right-sided patients, but not in left-sided. Target volume delineations were based on bony landmarks in contrast to the contemporary vessel-based ESTRO consensus guideline.

Benefit of respiratory gating in the Danish Breast Cancer Group partial breast irradiation trial.

Background And Purpose: Partial breast irradiation (PBI)has beenthe Danish Breast Cancer Group(DBCG) standard for selected breast cancer patients since 2016 based onearlyresults from the DBCG PBI trial.During trial accrual, respiratory-gated radiotherapy was introduced in Denmark. This study aims to investigate the effect of respiratory-gating on mean heart dose (MHD).

Isolation of Polyphenols from Aqueous Extract of the Halophyte .

Polyphenols from residual non-food grade have health-promoting effects in feed, food, or nutraceutical applications. Therefore, the isolation of polyphenols is of interest from a series of environmentally friendly isolation methods with recyclable solvents. The isolation of polyphenols from non-food grade was investigated using sequential membrane filtration with and without acid pretreatment, liquid-liquid extraction, resin adsorption, and centrifugal partition chromatography (CPC); analyzed by the Folin-Ciocalteu assay for total polyphenols; and finally analyzed using UPLC-TQMS in negative ion-spray mode for detection of 14 polyphenols.

Impact of multimorbidity and polypharmacy on mortality after cancer: a nationwide registry-based cohort study in Denmark 2005-2017.

Background: Concurrent chronic diseases and treatment hereof in patients with cancer may increase mortality. In this population-based study we examined the individual and combined impact of multimorbidity and polypharmacy on mortality, across 20 cancers and with 13-years follow-up in Denmark.

Materials And Methods: This nationwide study included all Danish residents with a first primary cancer diagnosed between 1 January 2005 and 31 December 2015, and followed until the end of 2017.

Characterization of biochar produced from sewage sludge and its potential use as a substrate and plant growth improver.

Biochar is a product rich in carbon produced by pyrolysis of different kinds of biomass and it modifies the physical, chemical, and biological properties of soil. In this study, biochar, produced at different pyrolysis temperatures (590 °C, 665 °C, and 765 °C), was physico-chemically characterized. It was explored whether biochar made from sewage sludge can become an alternative solution for future water and phosphorus management in agricultural production.

Phenolic Compounds in spp. and Their Potential Therapeutic Effects on H1N1, HBV, HCV, and HIV: A Review.

Despite public health risk mitigation measures and regulation efforts by many countries, regions, and sectors, viral outbreaks remind the world of our vulnerability to biological hazards and the importance of mitigation actions. The saltwater-tolerant plants in the genus belonging to the Amaranthaceae family are widely recognized and researched as producers of clinically applicable phytochemicals. The plants in the genus contain flavonoids, flavonoid glycosides, and hydroxycinnamic acids, including caffeic acid, ferulic acid, chlorogenic acid, apigenin, kaempferol, quercetin, isorhamnetin, myricetin, isoquercitrin, and myricitrin, which have all been shown to support the antiviral, virucidal, and symptom-suppressing activities.

Harnessing the Value of and Halophyte Biomass through Integrated Green Biorefinery.

Bioactive extracts are often the target fractions in bioprospecting, and halophyte plants could provide a potential source of feedstock for high-value applications as a part of integrated biorefineries. (Jacq.) Dobrocz.

Mental disorders, participation, and trajectories in the Danish colorectal cancer programme: a population-based cohort study.

Background: People with mental disorders exhibit increased mortality due to colorectal cancer, despite having a similar incidence to the general population. We aimed to evaluate the extent to which people with mental disorders participate in organised colorectal cancer screening.

Methods: We conducted a population-based cohort study of all Danish residents aged 50-74 years who were invited to undergo biennial faecal immunochemical testing between March 1, 2014, and Sept 30, 2018.

Effect of a FIT-Based Colorectal Cancer Screening Program on Mortality Estimated by the Regression Discontinuity Design.

The fecal immunochemical test (FIT) has been implemented in colorectal cancer (CRC) screening programs, but effect evaluations are lacking. We evaluated the effect of a positive FIT on all-cause and CRC mortality using the regression discontinuity design. The Danish CRC screening program invites all residents 50-74 years old, using a 20-μg hemoglobin/g feces cutoff for colonoscopy referral.

Bioactive Extracts from J. Woods Biorefinery as a Source of Ingredients for High-Value Industries.

Salt-tolerant plants, also known as halophytes, could provide a novel source of feedstock for biorefineries. After harvesting fresh shoots for food, the lignified fraction of J. Woods could be used to produce bioactive botanical extracts for high-value industries such as nutraceuticals, cosmetics, and biopharmaceuticals.

Cultivation and characterisation of Salicornia europaea, Tripolium pannonicum and Crithmum maritimum biomass for green biorefinery applications.

Salt-tolerant halophytes have shown potential for biorefinery and agricultural use in salt-affected soils, increasing the value of marginal lands. They could provide a bio-based source for compounds obtained from the petrochemical industry or an alternative for biomass currently imported overseas. Salicornia europaea, Tripolium pannonicum and Crithmum maritimum were cultivated in hydroponic systems under various salinity conditions, harvested green but not food-grade, and fractionated to green juice and fibre residue.

Chemical Profiling and Biological Activity of Extracts from Nine Norwegian Medicinal and Aromatic Plants.

There is an increased interest in identifying beneficial compounds of plant origin that can be added to animal diets to improve animal performance and have a health-promoting effect. In the present study, nine herb species of the Norwegian wild flora or which can be cultivated in Norway were selected for phytogenic evaluation (hops, maral root, mint, oregano, purslane, rosemary, roseroot, sweet wormwood, yarrow). Dried herbs were sequentially extracted with dichloromethane (DCM), ethanol (EtOH) and finally water (HO) by ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE).

Volume matters: Breast induration is associated with irradiated breast volume in the Danish Breast Cancer Group phase III randomized Partial Breast Irradiation trial.

The relation between breast induration grade 2-3 at 3 years after radiation therapy and irradiated breast volume was investigated for patients in the Danish Breast Cancer Group (DBCG) Partial Breast Irradiation (PBI) trial. METHODS Treatment plan data was obtained from the Danish radiotherapy plan database. Dosimetric parameters for breast and organs at risk were determined.

Computational design logics for bio-based design.

This paper examines how the central contributions of the computational design field can be understood as central steppingstones into an age of sustainability to engage with new renewable, regenerative and restorative material systems. By taking departure in the conceptualisation of an extended digital chain by which architecture can address fabrication at the low scales of the material, this paper asks how these methodological innovations can be transferred to new questions arising from a bio-based material paradigm. The paper outlines the three central contributions of the computational design field: advanced information modelling, functional grading and integrated sensing, and suggests how these can be extended to allow new means of instrumentation for bio-based materials characterised by the heterogeneous, the behaving and the living.

Accuracy and potential improvements of surface-guided breast cancer radiotherapy in deep inspiration breath-hold with daily image-guidance.

Radiotherapy of left-sided breast cancer in deep inspiration breath-hold (DIBH) reduces the heart dose. Surface guided radiotherapy (SGRT) can guide the DIBH, but the accuracy is subject to variations in the chest wall position relative to the patient surface.In this study, ten left-sided breast cancer patients received DIBH radiotherapy with tangential fields in 15-18 fractions.

Partial Breast Irradiation Versus Whole Breast Irradiation for Early Breast Cancer Patients in a Randomized Phase III Trial: The Danish Breast Cancer Group Partial Breast Irradiation Trial.

Purpose: On the basis of low risk of local recurrence in elderly patients with breast cancer after conservative surgery followed by whole breast irradiation (WBI), the Danish Breast Cancer Group initiated the noninferiority external-beam partial breast irradiation (PBI) trial (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00892814). We hypothesized that PBI was noninferior to WBI regarding breast induration.

Mental illness and participation in colorectal cancer screening: a scoping review.

Introduction: Compared with the background population, persons with mental illness have increased colorectal cancer (CRC) mortality. Screening has the potential to alleviate the increased cancer mortality due to mental illness, but the extent to which persons with mental illness participate in CRC screening programs is uncertain. This scoping review aims to summarize the literature on CRC screening participation among persons with mental illness.

Towards a transformational eco-metabolistic bio-based design framework in architecture.

This paper discusses the foundations of a bio-based material paradigm for architecture. It argues that moving from a current reliance on the non-renewable materials of the geosphere, to the renewable and fundamentally cyclical materials of the biosphere can establish alternate foundations for thinking alternative sustainable building practices. By positioning architecture and the built environment as a particular case for bio-based materials, where the longer life spans of buildings support better carbon storage, this paper identifies the bottlenecks that limit their adaptation into the way architecture is thought, designed and built.

Effects of Salicornia-Based Skin Cream Application on Healthy Humans' Experimental Model of Pain and Itching.

Halophyte plants are salt-tolerant and are acclimated for growth in saline soils such as along coastal areas. Among the halophytes, the Salicornia species have been used as both folk medicine and functional food for many years due to their high levels of bioactive compounds with supposed anti-inflammatory and antioxidative effects. However, the properties of Salicornia bioactive extracts on pain and itching still remain unclear.

Risk-stratified selection to colonoscopy in FIT colorectal cancer screening: development and temporal validation of a prediction model.

Background: Faecal immunochemical tests (FITs) yield many false positives and challenge colonoscopy capacity in colorectal cancer (CRC) screening programmes. We aimed to develop a risk-based selection of participants to undergo diagnostic colonoscopy.

Methods: The study was observational and used registry data from the Danish CRC screening programme.

Gastrointestinal tolerability of once-weekly semaglutide 2.4 mg in adults with overweight or obesity, and the relationship between gastrointestinal adverse events and weight loss.

Aim: We evaluated gastrointestinal (GI) adverse events (AEs) with once-weekly semaglutide 2.4 mg in adults with overweight or obesity and their contribution to weight loss (WL).

Materials And Methods: AE analyses pooled data from the Semaglutide Treatment Effect in People With Obesity (STEP) 1-3 trials for participants randomized to 68 weeks of semaglutide 2.