Occupational noise exposure and maternal pregnancy complications: register-based cohort from urban areas in four Nordic countries.

Objective: To assess the role of occupational noise exposure on pregnancy complications in urban Nordic populations.

Methods: A study population covering five metropolitan areas in Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden was generated using national birth registries linked with occupational and residential environmental exposures and sociodemographic variables. The data covered all pregnancies during 5-11 year periods in 2004‒2016, resulting in 373 184 pregnancies.

Amino acid substrate specificities and tissue expression profiles of the nine CYP79A encoding genes in Sorghum bicolor.

Cytochrome P450s of the CYP79 family catalyze two N-hydroxylation reactions, converting a selected number of amino acids into the corresponding oximes. The sorghum genome (Sorghum bicolor) harbours nine CYP79A encoding genes, and here sequence comparisons of the CYP79As along with their substrate recognition sites (SRSs) are provided. The substrate specificity of previously uncharacterized CYP79As was investigated by transient expression in Nicotiana benthamiana and subsequent transformation of the oximes formed into the corresponding stable oxime glucosides catalyzed by endogenous UDPG-glucosyltransferases (UGTs).

Corrigendum to "Residential exposure to transportation noise and risk of incident atrial fibrillation: a pooled study of 11 prospective Nordic cohorts" [The Lancet Regional Health - Europe, Volume 46, November 2024, 101091].

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.lanepe.

Road traffic noise and breast cancer: DNA methylation in four core circadian genes.

Background: Transportation noise has been linked with breast cancer, but existing literature is conflicting. One proposed mechanism is that transportation noise disrupts sleep and the circadian rhythm. We investigated the relationships between road traffic noise, DNA methylation in circadian rhythm genes, and breast cancer.

Age-Dependent DNA Methylation Variability on the X-Chromosome in Male and Female Twins.

We aimed to explore the age-dependent epigenetic variability on the X-chromosome with consideration of X-chromosome inactivation by applying a sex-stratified regression analysis to DNA methylation array data on X-linked CpGs in aging identical twins. We found 13 X-linked CpGs showing age-related significant increase in variability in males (FDR < 0.05) but none in females.

Sequence diversity in the monooxygenases involved in oxime production in plant defense and signaling: a conservative revision in the nomenclature of the highly complex CYP79 family.

Cytochrome P450 monooxygenases of the CYP79 family catalyze conversion of specific amino acids into oximes feeding into a variety of metabolic plant pathways. Here we present an extensive phylogenetic tree of the CYP79 family built on carefully curated sequences collected across the entire plant kingdom. Based on a monophyletic origin of the P450s, a set of evolutionarily distinct branches was identified.

Overlooked and misunderstood: can glutathione conjugates be clues to understanding plant glutathione transferases?

Plant glutathione transferases (GSTs) constitute a large and diverse family of enzymes that are involved in plant stress response, metabolism and defence, yet their physiological functions remain largely elusive. Consistent with the traditional view on GSTs across organisms as detoxification enzymes, most plant GSTs catalyse glutathionylation, conjugation of the tripeptide glutathione (GSH; γ-Glu-Cys-Gly) onto reactive molecules. However, when it comes to elucidating GST functions, it remains a key challenge that the endogenous plant glutathione conjugates (GS-conjugates) that would result from such glutathionylation reactions are rarely reported.

Long term exposure to road traffic noise and air pollution and risk of infertility in men and women: nationwide Danish cohort study.

Objective: To investigate associations between long term residential exposure to road traffic noise and particulate matter with a diameter <2.5 µm (PM) and infertility in men and women.

Design: Nationwide prospective cohort study.

Harnessing the Power of an Extensive EMS-Induced Sorghum Population for Rapid Crop Improvement.

Plant breeders leverage mutagenesis using chemical, biological, and physical mutagens to create novel trait variations. Many widely used sorghum genotypes have a narrow genetic base, which hinders improvements using classical breeding. Enhancing the diversity of the sorghum genome thus remains a key priority for sorghum breeders.

Electron beam radiotherapy for the management of squamous cell carcinoma of the anal margin.

Purpose And Objective: Squamous cell carcinoma of the anal margin (SCCAM) is an uncommon lesion that comprises one-third to a quarter of all anal squamous cell carcinoma. Treatment involves surgery or exclusive radiotherapy for small tumours, whereas the preferred treatment for larger tumours is chemoradiotherapy. In our department, selected patients with SCCAM are treated with electron beam radiotherapy using one perineal field.

Long-term exposure to transportation noise and obesity: A pooled analysis of eleven Nordic cohorts.

Background: Available evidence suggests a link between exposure to transportation noise and an increased risk of obesity. We aimed to assess exposure-response functions for long-term residential exposure to road traffic, railway and aircraft noise, and markers of obesity.

Methods: Our cross-sectional study is based on pooled data from 11 Nordic cohorts, including up to 162,639 individuals with either measured (69.

Insect meal in aquafeeds: A sustainable path to enhanced mucosal immunity in fish.

The mucosal surfaces of fish, including their intestines, gills, and skin, are constantly exposed to various environmental threats, such as water quality fluctuations, pollutants, and pathogens. However, various cells and microbiota closely associated with these surfaces work in tandem to create a functional protective barrier against these conditions. Recent research has shown that incorporating specific feed ingredients into fish diets can significantly boost their mucosal and general immune response.

Transportation Noise Pollution and Cardiovascular Health.

Epidemiological studies have found that transportation noise increases the risk for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, with solid evidence for ischemic heart disease, heart failure, and stroke. According to the World Health Organization, at least 1.6 million healthy life years are lost annually from traffic-related noise in Western Europe.

Disentangling hydroxynitrile glucoside biosynthesis in a barley (Hordeum vulgare) metabolon provides access to elite malting barleys for ethyl carbamate-free whisky production.

Barley produces several specialized metabolites, including five α-, β-, and γ-hydroxynitrile glucosides (HNGs). In malting barley, presence of the α-HNG epiheterodendrin gives rise to undesired formation of ethyl carbamate in the beverage production, especially after distilling. Metabolite-GWAS identified QTLs and underlying gene candidates possibly involved in the control of the relative and absolute content of HNGs, including an undescribed MATE transporter.

Xylooligosaccharides from lignocellulosic biomass and their applications as nutraceuticals: a review on their production, purification, and characterization.

Xylooligosaccharides (XOS) are considered a potent source of prebiotics for humans. The global prebiotic market is expanding in size, was valued at USD 6.05 billion in 2021, and is expected to grow at a 14.

Mucosal barrier status in Atlantic salmon fed rapeseed oil and Schizochytrium oil partly or fully replacing fish oil through winter depression.

The study was designed to investigate the effects of replacing fish oil by algal oil and rapeseed oil on histomorphology indices of the intestine, skin and gill, mucosal barrier status and immune-related genes of mucin and antimicrobial peptide (AMP) genes in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). For these purposes, Atlantic salmon smolts were fed three different diets. The first was a control diet containing fish oil but no Schizochytrium oil.

Randomized Phase I Trial of the α-Synuclein Antibody Lu AF82422.

Background: Immunotherapy targeting pathological α-synuclein (α-syn) species is a promising strategy for slowing disease progression in neurodegenerative synucleinopathies, including Parkinson's disease (PD).

Objective: The aim was to evaluate the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and target engagement of ascending doses of Lu AF82422.

Methods: In this first-in-human study (NCT03611569), healthy participants (18-55 years, cohort A) and patients with PD (40-80 years, Hoehn and Yahr stage ≤3, cohort B) were enrolled in ascending-dose cohorts and randomly assigned to receive single intravenous infusions of Lu AF82422 (cohorts A1-A6: 75, 225, 750, 2250 4500, and 9000 mg, respectively; cohorts B1 and B2: 2250 and 9000 mg, respectively) or placebo.

[Not Available].

This case report describes a 29-year-old man, who was admitted to a psychiatric hospital due to a severe depressive episode without psychotic symptoms. After two weeks he developed acute retrograde autobiographical amnesia. No organic cause was identified, and the patient was therefore diagnosed with dissociative amnesia.

Video consultation and treatment in the community smoking cessation therapy success rates in patients with mental illness: a randomized controlled trial.

Purpose: Smoking is the single factor with the highest impact on reducing life expectancy of patients with mental illness. Patients experience difficulty in participating in smoking cessation programs but are concerned about the impact of tobacco on their health and finances. Smoking cessation advice videoconferencing might be an alternative to an ordinary in-person consultation.

Recurrence and Survival Following Cytoreductive Surgery and Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy for Synchronous and Metachronous Peritoneal Metastases of Colorectal Origin.

Cytoreductive surgery (CRS) with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) has improved the 5-year survival for colorectal cancer (CRC) patients with peritoneal metastases (PM). Little is known about recurrence patterns and recurrence rates between synchronous (S) and metachronous (M) PM following CRS+HIPEC. We aimed to describe the recurrence patterns, overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) in S-PM and M-PM patients after complete CRS+HIPEC.

Hearing Loss, Hearing Aid Use, and Risk of Dementia in Older Adults.

Importance: Hearing loss has been suggested as a risk factor for dementia, but there is still a need for high-quality research to better understand the association between these 2 conditions and the underlying causal mechanisms and treatment benefits using larger cohorts and detailed data.

Objective: To investigate the association between hearing loss and incident dementia, as well as how hearing aid use contributes to this association.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This population-based cohort study was conducted in Southern Denmark between January 2003 and December 2017 and included all residents 50 years and older.

Outcomes after curatively intended treatment of limited peritoneal metastases and thermal ablation for liver metastases from colorectal cancer.

Objectives: Peritoneal metastases (PM) and liver metastases (LM) are present simultaneously in up to 2 % of patients at the time of their colorectal cancer (CRC) diagnosis. Curatively intended treatment includes cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) combined with LM resection. A less invasive treatment for LM is ablation.