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Documenting systematic searches promotes transparency, reproducibility, and integrity in research. In recent years, various reporting guidelines have gained widespread recognition and adoption, and some journals and funders require researchers to provide a detailed account of their search strategies. Documentation of systematic searches vary depending on the search strategies and types of reviews.

Supplementary strategies identified additional eligible studies in qualitative systematic reviews.

Background And Objectives: There is an increasing number of qualitative systematic reviews being produced. Searching for qualitative literature to include in these systematic reviews is, however, more challenging and may result in less than favorable recall. Database searches relying solely on key elements of the research question may not retrieve all relevant qualitative studies for synthesis, and supplementary searches may be pertinent to complement the searches.

Avoiding searching for outcomes called for additional search strategies: a study of Cochrane review searches.

Objectives: A search strategy for a systematic review that uses the Population, Intervention, Comparison, and Outcome framework should include the population, the intervention(s), and the type(s) of study design. According to existing guidelines, outcome should generally be excluded from the search strategy unless the search is multistranded. However, a recent study found that approximately 10% (51) of recent Cochrane reviews on interventions included outcomes in their literature search strategies.

[The use of search filtersin systematic searches].

In this review, we provide an overview of search filters, which are pre-formulated search strategies developed to help identify articles within a given topic or with a particular study design. We present the rationale behind search filters and how they are used. Using a search filter may however, result in missing relevant publications and they should be used with care.

Performance of conceptual framework elements for the retrieval of qualitative health literature: a case study.

Objective: A growing volume of studies address methods for performing systematic reviews of qualitative studies. One such methodological aspect is the conceptual framework used to structure the review question and plan the search strategy for locating relevant studies. The purpose of this case study was to evaluate the retrieval potential of each element of conceptual frameworks in qualitative systematic reviews in the health sciences.

[Planning the searches for a systematic review].

The planning of a systematic search is of great importance to the results. The systematic searches are planned as part of a protocol, which is developed to minimise bias. The development of the search strategy uses elements from a conceptualisation model.

Using Embase as a supplement to PubMed in Cochrane reviews differed across fields.

Objective: Medline/PubMed is often first choice for health science researchers when doing literature searches. However, Medline/PubMed does not cover the health science research literature equally well across specialties. Embase is often considered an important supplement to Medline/PubMed in health sciences.

Using the full PICO model as a search tool for systematic reviews resulted in lower recall for some PICO elements.

Objectives: The use of the four-part PICO model to facilitate search strategy development for a precise answer is recommended for structuring searches for systematic reviews. Existing guidelines generally recommend that a search strategy should include the population, intervention(s), and types of study design. Consequently, comparison and outcome are not recommended as a part of the search strategy.

Research Integrity Among PhD Students at the Faculty of Medicine: A Comparison of Three Scandinavian Universities.

This study investigates research integrity among PhD students in health sciences at three universities in Scandinavia (Stockholm, Oslo, Odense). A questionnaire with questions on knowledge, attitudes, experiences, and behavior was distributed to PhD students and obtained a response rate of 77.7%.

[Questionable journals and how to avoid them].

The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of tools, which health-science researchers can use when assessing, whether a journal is legitimate or questionable. Researchers are regularly contacted by journals encouraging them to submit manuscripts. Many of these contacts are phishing e-mails sent by questionable journals, who offer the publication of manuscripts for a fee but without performing peer review or carrying out other processes normally associated with a scientific journal.

PubMed coverage varied across specialties and over time: a large-scale study of included studies in Cochrane reviews.

Objective: PubMed is one of the most commonly used search tools in biomedical and life sciences. Existing studies of database coverage generally conclude that searching PubMed may not be sufficient although some find that the contributions from other databases are modest at best. However, generalizability of the studies of the coverage of PubMed is typically restricted.

The impact of patient, intervention, comparison, outcome (PICO) as a search strategy tool on literature search quality: a systematic review.

Objective: This review aimed to determine if the use of the patient, intervention, comparison, outcome (PICO) model as a search strategy tool affects the quality of a literature search.

Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Library and Information Science Abstracts (LISA), Scopus, and the National Library of Medicine (NLM) catalog up until January 9, 2017. Reference lists were scrutinized, and citation searches were performed on the included studies.

Research integrity among PhD students within clinical research at the University of Southern Denmark.

Introduction: Responsible conduct of research is the basis for the credibility of all research. Research misconduct is defined as the fabrication, falsification or plagiarism committed willfully or grossly negligently in the planning, performing or reporting of research. We undertook a survey of knowledge of the attitudes towards and experiences with research misconduct among PhD students in clinical research.

[Embase is a central resource for literature search in health science].

PubMed is often first choice for searching health sciences literature. However, even though Embase tends to be overlooked it is an important supplement to PubMed. The present paper provides an overview of the literature dealing with the significance of using Embase for systematic reviews and metaanalyses.

Testosterone treatment increases androgen receptor and aromatase gene expression in myotubes from patients with PCOS and controls, but does not induce insulin resistance.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is associated with insulin resistance and increased risk of type 2 diabetes. Skeletal muscle is the major site of insulin mediated glucose disposal and the skeletal muscle tissue is capable to synthesize, convert and degrade androgens. Insulin sensitivity is conserved in cultured myotubes (in vitro) from patients with PCOS, but the effect of testosterone on this insulin sensitivity is unknown.

Universal screening for hepatitis B among pregnant women led to 96% vaccination coverage among newborns of HBsAg positive mothers in Denmark.

In Denmark selective screening programs of pregnant women for hepatitis B missed 30-50% of high-risk groups and in late 2005 a universal screening of pregnant women for HBsAg was implemented. During a 2-year period a prospective enhanced surveillance of the universal screening was performed to examine the effectiveness of universal HBV-screening of pregnant women and HBV-immunizations of their newborn, and to provide a prevalence-estimate for HBV in Denmark. On a opt out basis all women in Denmark attending antenatal care were tested for hepatitis B serology.

Intact primary mitochondrial function in myotubes established from women with PCOS.

Context: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) affects 5-8% of fertile women and is often accompanied by insulin resistance, leading to increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Skeletal muscle from insulin-resistant PCOS subjects display reduced expression of nuclear encoded genes involved in mitochondrial oxidative metabolism.

Objective: We aimed to investigate whether there was a primary mitochondrial dysfunction or difference in mitochondria content that might contribute to the in vivo detected insulin resistance.

Molecular and epidemiological profiles of hepatitis C virus genotype 4 in Denmark.

The prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 4 has increased throughout Europe. This is an epidemiological study of patients infected chronically with HCV genotype 4 in Denmark. The HCV strains analyzed originated from patient samples collected between 1999 and 2007 as part of the national Danish hepatitis B and C network, DANHEP.

Postmortem detection of hepatitis B, C, and human immunodeficiency virus genomes in blood samples from drug-related deaths in Denmark*.

Blood-borne viral infections are widespread among injecting drug users; however, it is difficult to include these patients in serological surveys. Therefore, we developed a national surveillance program based on postmortem testing of persons whose deaths were drug related. Blood collected at autopsy was tested for anti-HBc, anti-HBs, anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV), or anti-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antibodies using commercial kits.