Physiotherapist-supervised exercises versus unsupervised home-based exercises after nonsurgically treated proximal humerus fracture: a multicenter randomized controlled trial.

Background: Proximal humerus fracture (PHF) is a common fragility fracture in older adults and can have a substantial impact on upper limb function. Although most patients with PHF can be treated nonsurgically, it is unknown whether older adults benefit from supervised exercise therapy after PHF. Therefore, the objective of this trial was to investigate whether 10 weeks of physiotherapist-supervised exercises once a week were superior to 10 weeks of unsupervised home-based exercises in older adults with a nonsurgically treated displaced 2-part PHF.

Effectiveness of a bandage to prevent re-dislocation after total hip arthroplasty in patients with a previous hip dislocation. A randomized controlled trial with 12-week follow-up.

Objective: To investigate if using a hip bandage is more effective than standard care in the prevention of total hip arthroplasty re-dislocation in patients with a previous total hip arthroplasty dislocation.

Design: randomized controlled trial.

Setting: Holstebro Regional Hospital and Viborg Regional Hospital.

Effects of nutrition education using a food-based approach, carbohydrate counting or routine care in type 1 diabetes: 12 months prospective randomized trial.

Introduction: Evidence on the effects of structured nutrition education is weak in adults with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) with moderately impaired glycemic control. Objective was to compare the effects of different types of nutrition education programs on glycemic control, cardiovascular risk factors, quality of life, diet quality and food choices in T1D.

Research Design And Methods: A 12 months randomized controlled study conducted at nine diabetes specialist centers with three parallel arms: (i) a food-based approach (FBA) including foods with low glycemic index or (ii) carbohydrate counting (CC) according to today's standard practice or (iii) individual sessions according to routine care (RC).

Whole-Body Magnetic Resonance Imaging Assessment of Joint Inflammation in Rheumatoid Arthritis-Agreement With Ultrasonography and Clinical Evaluation.

To compare joint inflammation seen by whole-body magnetic resonance imaging (WBMRI), with "whole-body" ultrasound and clinical assessments, in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis (RA) before and during tumor necrosis factor-inhibitor (TNF-I, adalimumab) treatment. In 18 patients with RA, clinical assessment for joint tenderness and swelling, WBMRI, and ultrasound were obtained at baseline and week 16. Wrist, metacarpophalangeal (MCP) and proximal interphalangeal (PIP), elbow (except for WBMRI), shoulder, knee, ankle, and metatarsophalangeal joints were examined.

Whole-body Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Psoriatic Arthritis, Rheumatoid Arthritis, and Healthy Controls: Interscan, Intrareader, and Interreader Agreement and Distribution of Lesions.

Objective: Whole-body MRI (WBMRI) is a promising technique for monitoring patients' global disease activity in inflammatory joint diseases. The validation of WBMRI is limited; no studies have evaluated the test-retest agreement (interscan agreement) and only a few have assessed the intra- and interreader agreement. Therefore, we first examined the interscan agreement of WBMRI in patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and healthy controls (HC); and second, we evaluated the intra- and interreader agreement and agreement with conventional hand MRI and determined the distribution of lesions.

Sociodemographic determinants and health outcome variation in individuals with type 1 diabetes mellitus: A register-based study.

Background: Socioeconomic status, origin or demographic attributes shall not determine the quality of healthcare delivery, according to e.g. United Nations and European Union rules.

Magnetic resonance imaging assessed inflammation in the wrist is associated with patient-reported physical impairment, global assessment of disease activity and pain in early rheumatoid arthritis: longitudinal results from two randomised controlled trials.

Objectives: To examine whether MRI assessed inflammation and damage in the wrist of patients with early rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are associated with patient-reported outcomes (PROs).

Methods: Wrist and hand MRIs of 210 patients with early RA from two investigator-initiated, randomised controlled studies (CIMESTRA/OPERA) were assessed according to the Outcome Measures in Rheumatology RA MRI score (RAMRIS) for synovitis, tenosynovitis, osteitis, bone erosions and joint space narrowing (JSN) at baseline, 1 and 5 years follow-up. These features, and changes therein, were assessed for associations with health assessment questionnaires (HAQ), patient global visual analogue scales (VAS-PtGlobal) and VAS-pain using Spearman's correlations, generalised estimating equations and univariate/multivariable linear regression analyses.

Clearance of Sclerostin, Osteocalcin, Fibroblast Growth Factor 23, and Osteoprotegerin by Dialysis.

Introduction: Fibroblast growth factor (FGF23), sclerostin, osteocalcin, and osteoprotegerin are important factors that control mineral bone metabolism. End-stage renal disease is associated with the pronounced dysregulation of mineral bone metabolism; however, the impact and clearance of mineral bone metabolism factors during dialysis remain largely undescribed.

Methods: In a cross-sectional study, 10 chronic hemodialysis patients were treated with hemodialysis for 8 h using a high-flux filter and a dialysate bath of 50% calculated total body water continuously recycled at a rate of 500 mL/min.

Tele-Health Followup Strategy for Tight Control of Disease Activity in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Results of a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objective: To test the effect of patient-reported outcome (PRO)-based tele-health followup for tight control of disease activity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and the differences between tele-health followup performed by rheumatologists or rheumatology nurses.

Methods: A total of 294 patients were randomized (1:1:1) to either PRO-based tele-health followup carried out by a nurse (PRO-TN) or a rheumatologist (PRO-TR), or conventional outpatient followup by physicians. The primary outcome was a change in the Disease Activity Score in 28 joints (DAS28) after week 52.

Cephalic phase of insulin secretion in response to a meal is unrelated to family history of type 2 diabetes.

The pre-absorptive cephalic phase of insulin secretion is elicited during the first ten min of a meal and before glucose levels rise. Its importance for insulin release during the post-absorptive phase has been well documented in animals but its presence or importance in man has become increasingly controversial. We here examined the presence of an early cephalic phase of insulin release in 31 well matched individuals without (n = 15) or with (n = 16) a known family history of type 2 diabetes (first-degree relatives; FDR).

Protein-bound solute removal during extended multipass versus standard hemodialysis.

Background: Multipass hemodialysis (MPHD) is a recently described dialysis modality, involving the use of small volumes of dialysate which are repetitively recycled. Dialysis regimes of 8 hours for six days a week using this device result in an increased removal of small water soluble solutes and middle molecules compared to standard hemodialysis (SHD). Since protein-bound solutes (PBS) exert important pathophysiological effects, we investigated whether MPHD results in improved removal of PBS as well.

Influence of field strength, coil type and image resolution on assessment of synovitis by unenhanced MRI--a comparison with contrast-enhanced MRI.

Objectives: To explore if the reliability of synovitis assessment by unenhanced MRI is influenced by different MRI field-strengths, coil types and image resolutions in RA patients.

Methods: Forty-one RA patients and 12 healthy controls underwent hand MRI (wrist and 2(nd)--5(th) metacarpophalangeal joints) at 4 different field-strengths (0.23 T/0.

Mesangioproliferative glomerulonephritis: a 30-year prognosis study.

Background: Diffuse mesangioproliferative glomerulonephritis (MesP) is the most commonly diagnosed type of glomerulonephritis (GN) in Denmark, with an incidence of 10.8 million per year. In the present study, the 30-year renal survival was estimated.

Bone marrow oedema assessment by magnetic resonance imaging in rheumatoid arthritis wrist and metacarpophalangeal joints: the importance of field strength, coil type and image resolution.

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the influence of different MRI unit field strengths, coil types and image resolutions on the OMERACT RA MRI scoring system (RAMRIS) of bone marrow oedema (BME) and image quality.

Methods: Forty-one patients and 12 healthy controls participated in this cross-sectional study. Coronal short tau inversion recovery (STIR) and T1-weighted sequences were obtained at 0.

A treat-to-target strategy with methotrexate and intra-articular triamcinolone with or without adalimumab effectively reduces MRI synovitis, osteitis and tenosynovitis and halts structural damage progression in early rheumatoid arthritis: results from the OPERA randomised controlled trial.

Objectives: To investigate whether a treat-to-target strategy with methotrexate and intra-articular glucocorticosteroid injections suppresses MRI inflammation and halts structural damage progression in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis (ERA), and whether adalimumab provides an additional effect.

Methods: In a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 85 disease-modifying antirheumatic drug-naïve patients with ERA were randomised to receive methotrexate, intra-articular glucocorticosteroid injections and placebo/adalimumab (43/42). Contrast-enhanced MRI of the right hand was performed at months 0, 6 and 12.

Whole-body MRI assessment of disease activity and structural damage in rheumatoid arthritis: first step towards an MRI joint count.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the ability of whole-body MRI (WBMRI) to visualize inflammation [synovitis, bone marrow oedema (BME) and enthesitis] and structural damage in patients with RA.

Methods: The 3T WBMR images were acquired in a head-to-toe scan in 20 patients with RA and at least one swollen or tender joint. Short Tau Inversion Recovery and pre- and post-contrast T1-weighted images were evaluated for readability and the presence/absence of inflammation (synovitis, BME and enthesitis) and structural damage (erosions and fat infiltrations) in 76 peripheral joints, 30 entheseal sites and in the spine.

Multipass haemodialysis: a novel dialysis modality.

Introduction: Most home haemodialysis (HD) modalities are limited to home use since they are based on a single-pass (SP) technique, which requires preparation of large amounts of dialysate. We present a new dialysis method, which requires minimal dialysate volumes, continuously recycled during treatment [multipass HD (MPHD)]. Theoretical calculations suggest that MPHD performed six times weekly for 8 h/night, using a dialysate bath containing 50% of the calculated body water, will achieve urea clearances equivalent to conventional HD 4 h thrice weekly, and a substantial clearance of higher middle molecules.

Correlation between computer-aided dynamic gadolinium-enhanced MRI assessment of inflammation and semi-quantitative synovitis and bone marrow oedema scores of the wrist in patients with rheumatoid arthritis--a cohort study.

Objective: To test the correlation between assessment of inflammation using dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) analysed by a novel computer-aided approach and semi-quantitative scores of synovitis and bone marrow oedema (BME) using the OMERACT-RA MRI Scoring (RAMRIS) system, in the wrist of patients with RA.

Methods: Fifty-four RA patients had conventional and DCE-MRI of a symptomatic wrist using a low-field 0.2T extremity scanner.

Magnetic resonance imaging in spondyloarthritis--how to quantify findings and measure response.

Sensitive and reliable tools for monitoring disease activity and damage, and for prognostication, are essential in the management of patients with spondyloarthritis, including ankylosing spondylitis and psoriatic arthritis. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) allows direct visualisation of inflammation in peripheral and axial joints, and peripheral and axial entheses, and has dramatically improved the possibilities for early diagnosis and objective monitoring of the disease process in spondyloarthritis. Truthful, discriminative and feasible scoring systems are available for the assessment of inflammatory activity in the spine and sacroiliac joints in axial spondyloarthritis and in the hands of patients with peripheral psoriatic arthritis.

Measuring the glycemic index of foods: interlaboratory study.

Background: Many laboratories offer glycemic index (GI) services.

Objective: We assessed the performance of the method used to measure GI.

Design: The GI of cheese-puffs and fruit-leather (centrally provided) was measured in 28 laboratories (n=311 subjects) by using the FAO/WHO method.

Mediterranean-inspired diet lowers the ratio of serum phospholipid n-6 to n-3 fatty acids, the number of leukocytes and platelets, and vascular endothelial growth factor in healthy subjects.

Background: Reduced cardiovascular mortality and morbidity have been shown in persons adhering to Mediterranean-inspired diets (MIDs). Although the underlying mechanisms of this association are poorly understood, the importance of increasing dietary amounts of polyunsaturated fatty acids of the n-3 series has been emphasized.

Objective: We investigated whether a MID provided to healthy subjects would affect 1) the inflammatory process and endothelial indexes such as vasoregulation and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and 2) serum phospholipid fatty acid composition.

Effects of a Mediterranean-inspired diet on blood lipids, vascular function and oxidative stress in healthy subjects.

Mediterranean-inspired diets have been shown to decrease cholesterol levels in patients with hypercholesterolaemia, who frequently exhibit endothelial dysfunction. The aims of the present study are to improve endothelial function by dietary intervention in healthy subjects with lipid levels representative of a Western population. Twenty-two healthy subjects (mean total cholesterol, 5.

Fat distribution, lipid accumulation in the liver, and exercise capacity do not explain the insulin resistance in healthy males with a family history for type 2 diabetes.

To explore the mechanisms for the insulin resistance associated with a family history of type 2 diabetes, we studied 16 healthy men with at least two first-degree relatives with type 2 diabetes and 16 control subjects without known heredity. They were pair-wise matched for age, body mass index, and fasting triglycerides and underwent an oral glucose tolerance test, iv glucose infusion to measure the early insulin secretion, euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp, computed tomography scan, 7-d food record, and a cardiopulmonary exercise test to measure peak oxygen uptake. Insulin sensitivity index was 30% lower (P = 0.

Predictors of weight loss in adults with topiramate-treated epilepsy.

Objective: We examined predictors of weight loss with topiramate, an anticonvulsant associated with weight loss in adults.

Research Methods And Procedures: In this uncontrolled, prospective clinical trial, topiramate was added to existing anticonvulsants in adults (40 to 110 kg) with partial-onset seizures. Primary measurements were change from baseline weight after 3 months and 1 year in patients completing 1 year of topiramate treatment (N = 38).