Case report - Hyperthermia and nuclear hypersegmentation of blood cells.

This case report describes a patient with a medical history of schizophrenia, found in a coma with hyperthermia, likely due to classic heatstroke. The white blood cells observed on the blood smear showed cytological abnormalities characterized by multilobed nuclei, which could be early signs of cell death. The evolution into multiorgan failure led rapidly to death.

Ensuring the Safety of Locally Sourced Alcohols for Hand Sanitizer Production During the SARS-CoV-2 Crisis: A Comprehensive Impurity Analysis.

Amid the early 2020 SARS-CoV-2 crisis, severe hand sanitizer shortages led to OMS local production recommendations, inviting a diverse array of alcohol producers to contribute. However, not all followed mandatory controls for API-grade alcohol. We conducted a study to ensure the safety of the received alcohols, focusing on methanol and acetaldehyde levels.

Non-O1/non-O139 Vibrio cholerae bacteremia and hepatitis in diabetic patient, France, winter 2019.

Objectives: Vibrio cholerae non-O1/non-O139 (NOVC) bacteremia is infrequently reported in Western countries and is associated with unfavorable outcome.

Patient/method: We describe here the case of a diabetic patient with hepatic cytolysis and NOVC bacteremia following an episode of diarrhea.

Result: The patient was paucisymptomatic and had a favorable resolution with oral ciprofloxacin.

Zinc unbound concentration as an anchor to drive individualize repletion.

Background And Aims: Zinc (Zn) quantification is of particular interest in many clinical condition (e.g. inflammatory disease, critical care).

Analytical assays and bootstrap resampling method to validate performance of the Roche Elecsys STAT highly sensitive troponin T assay and its application for the 'rule-out' part of ESC guidelines for NTSTEMI.

Background: The European Society of Cardiology (ESC) guidelines recommend a dynamic (0-1h) cardiac troponin (cTn) determination for non-ST elevation myocardial infarction diagnosis. For patients with low cTn levels, a discharge from emergency can be considered. Nevertheless, cTn cutoffs for discharge are lower than the limits of quantification proposed by laboratory reagent suppliers.

Importance of relative binding of bisphenol A and bisphenol S to plasma proteins for predicting their in vivo potencies.

Many studies suggest that the potential impact of bisphenol S (BPS) as an endocrine disruptor is comparable to that of bisphenol A (BPA). However, in vitro-to-in vivo and from animal to human extrapolations require knowledge of the plasma free fraction of the active endocrine compounds. The present study aimed to characterise BPA and BPS binding to plasma proteins both in humans and different animal species.

Comparing ultrafiltration and equilibrium dialysis to measure unbound plasma dolutegravir concentrations based on a design of experiment approach.

Dolutegravir therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) could be improved by measuring the unbound dolutegravir plasma concentration (Cu), particularly in patients experiencing virological failure or toxicity despite achieving appropriate DTG total plasma concentrations. Equilibrium dialysis (ED) is the gold standard to measure Cu, but ED is time consuming, precluding its use in clinical practice. In contrast, ultrafiltration is applicable to TDM, but is sensitive to numerous analytical conditions.

Plasma Hepatitis E Virus Kinetics in Solid Organ Transplant Patients Receiving Ribavirin.

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection causes chronic hepatitis in solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients. Antiviral therapy consists of three months of ribavirin, although response rates are not optimal. We characterized plasma HEV kinetic patterns in 41 SOT patients during ribavirin therapy.

Efficacy of teicoplanin monotherapy following initial standard therapy in Enterococcus faecalis infective endocarditis: a retrospective cohort study.

Purpose: Teicoplanin is often used in Enterococcus faecalis infective endocarditis as a relay in case of penicillin side effects, or in outpatients. We assessed the efficacy of teicoplanin used as continuation therapy after initial standard treatment of E. faecalis endocarditis.

The Electronic Pharmaceutical Record: A new method for medication reconciliation.

Rationale, Aim, And Objective: There are several ways to establish an accurate medication list in the hospital admission medication reconciliation (MedRec). The challenge for MedRec lies in the availability, reliability, and completeness of the data used. In France, the Electronic Pharmaceutical Record (ePR) was developed to register each medication taken by ambulatory patients, primarily to make dispensation in community pharmacies safe.

Determination of dolutegravir's unbound fraction in human plasma using validated equilibrium dialysis and LC-MS/MS methods.

Assessment of the unbound pharmacologically active fraction (fu; as the ratio of unbound to total concentration) of dolutegravir could improve therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) in patients that experience virological failure or toxicity, despite receiving adequate total concentrations. This study evaluated (i) dolutegravir's fu through equilibrium dialysis (ED), (ii) the pre-analytical parameters that influence fu, and (iii) fu's inter-individual variability in HIV patients. Validation of the LC-MS/MS method followed FDA guidelines.

Antiretroviral unbound concentration during pregnancy: piece of interest in the puzzle?

Atazanavir and darunavir total concentrations (drug bound to plasma proteins plus unbound drug) progressively decrease during pregnancy. This pharmacokinetic variation leads physicians to recommend increasing doses. Conversely, the unbound concentration (Cu), i.

Is the unbound concentration of atazanavir of interest in therapeutic drug monitoring?

To date, therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is carried out with antiretrovirals and is usually based on total concentrations (C ). However, for some patients, TDM does not reflect efficacy or the avoidance of toxicity as is the case for atazanavir (ATV), a HIV protease inhibitor. As the unbound concentration (C ) is the pharmacological active form, the aim of the study was to evaluate the value of C and the unbound fraction (f , f = C /C ) for the TDM of ATV.

Impact of CYP2C19 genetic polymorphisms on voriconazole dosing and exposure in adult patients with invasive fungal infections.

Voriconazole (VCZ) use is limited by its narrow therapeutic range and significant interpatient variability in exposure. This study aimed to assess (i) the impact of CYP2C19 genotype on VCZ exposure and (ii) the doses required to achieve the therapeutic range in adult patients with invasive fungal infections (IFIs). Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of VCZ, based on trough concentration measurement, and CYP2C19 genotyping were used to guide VCZ dosing in Caucasian patients with IFIs.

An Early Viral Response Predicts the Virological Response to Ribavirin in Hepatitis E Virus Organ Transplant Patients.

Background: Ribavirin is efficient at treating chronic hepatitis E virus infection in solid-organ transplant patients. However, the early kinetics of viral replication under therapy and the impact of immunosuppressant regimens on viral replication are unknown: thus, determining the aim of our study.

Methods: Thirty-five patients with a solid-organ transplant and chronic hepatitis E virus infection were given ribavirin for 3 months.

Ceftazidime dosage recommendations in burn patients: from a population pharmacokinetic approach to clinical practice via Monte Carlo simulations.

Background: Ceftazidime dosage regimen recommendations based on pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic approaches are not available for burn patients.

Objective: The goal of this study was to propose a continuous dosage regimen of ceftazidime in burn patients, taking into account different MICs and pharmacokinetic covariates.

Methods: The population pharmacokinetic analysis was conducted by using software dedicated to the analysis of nonlinear mixed effects models.