Impact of thrombocytopenia on failure of endoscopic variceal treatment in cirrhotic patients with acute variceal bleeding.

Background: Acute variceal bleeding (AVB), a life-threatening complication of liver cirrhosis, can be effectively treated by endoscopy, but there is a risk of early rebleeding after endoscopic variceal treatment (EVT). Thrombocytopenia is the most common hemostatic abnormality in liver cirrhosis. However, it is still unclear about whether thrombocytopenia increases the failure of EVT in cirrhotic patients with AVB.

Interplay of gut microbiota, glucagon-like peptide receptor agonists, and nutrition: New frontiers in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease therapy.

The gut-liver axis plays a crucial role in the development and progression of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). Key metabolites, including lipopolysaccharides, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), bile acids, and beneficial gut bacteria such as Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus, are pivotal in this process. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) show promise in managing MASLD by promoting weight loss, enhancing insulin secretion, and improving liver health.

Timing of endoscopy in cirrhotic patients with acute variceal bleeding: protocol of a multicenter randomized controlled trial.

Background: Endoscopy is important for the diagnosis and treatment of acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding (AUGIB), especially acute variceal bleeding (AVB), in liver cirrhosis. However, the optimal timing of endoscopy remains controversial, primarily because the currently available evidence is of poor quality, and the definition of early endoscopy is also very heterogeneous among studies. Herein, a multicenter randomized controlled trial (RCT) is performed to explore the impact of the timing of endoscopy on the outcomes of cirrhotic patients with AVB.

Impact of peptic ulcer bleeding on the in-hospital outcomes of cirrhotic patients with acute gastrointestinal bleeding: an international multicenter study.

Objectives: Peptic ulcer is the most common source of non-variceal bleeding. However, it remains controversial whether the outcomes of cirrhotic patients with peptic ulcer bleeding differ from those with variceal bleeding.

Methods: Cirrhotic patients with acute gastrointestinal bleeding (AGIB) who underwent endoscopy and had an identifiable source of bleeding were retrospectively screened from an international multicenter cohort.

TASL Practice Guidance on the Clinical Assessment and Management of Patients with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a multisystem disease and is significantly associated with obesity, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular disease. NAFLD has become the most prevalent chronic liver disease in Western countries, and the proportion of NAFLD-related cirrhosis among patients on liver transplantation waiting lists has increased. In light of the accumulated data about NAFLD, and to provide a common approach with multi-disciplines dealing with the subject, it has become necessary to create new guidance for diagnosing and treating NAFLD.

Use of albumin infusion for cirrhosis-related complications: An international position statement.

Background & Aims: Numerous studies have evaluated the role of human albumin (HA) in managing various liver cirrhosis-related complications. However, their conclusions remain partially controversial, probably because HA was evaluated in different settings, including indications, patient characteristics, and dosage and duration of therapy.

Methods: Thirty-three investigators from 19 countries with expertise in the management of liver cirrhosis-related complications were invited to organise an International Special Interest Group.

Timing of endoscopy in patients with cirrhosis and acute variceal bleeding: a single-center retrospective study.

Background: The optimal timing of endoscopy in liver cirrhosis with acute variceal bleeding (AVB) remains controversial in current guidelines and studies.

Methods: Consecutive patients with liver cirrhosis and AVB were screened. The timing of endoscopy was calculated from the last presentation of AVB or the admission to endoscopy.

Mass spectrometry-based untargeted metabolomics study of non-obese individuals with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

Objectives: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a disease characterized by the accumulation of excessive fat in the liver, which can lead to fibrosis and has an increasing prevalence. NAFLD requires non-invasive diagnostic biomarkers. While typically observed in overweight individuals, it can also occur in non-obese/non-overweight individuals.

Telenutrition for the management of inflammatory bowel disease: Benefits, limits, and future perspectives.

Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) require lifelong and personalized care by a multidisciplinary healthcare team. However, the traditional medical model is not ideal for patients who require continuous close monitoring and whose symptoms may dramatically worsen between regularly scheduled visits. Additionally, close dietary follow-up and monitoring of IBD in a traditional setting are challenging because of the disease complexity, high pressure on outpatient clinics with a small number of IBD specialist dietitians, and rising incidence.

Improvement of Work Productivity and Quality of Life with Anti-Tumor Necrosis Factor Treatment Used in Crohn's Disease in Routine Clinical Practice in Turkey.

Background: Patients with Crohn's disease experience major deterioration in work productivity and quality of life. We aimed to provide the long-term effects of anti-tumor necrosis factor agents on work productivity and activity impairment and quality of life in patients with Crohn's disease using the Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire and the Short-Form Health Survey-36.

Methods: Patients with Crohn's disease and initiated an anti-tumor necrosis factor treatment were included and followed up for 12 months in this observational study.

Association of endoscopic variceal treatment with portal venous system thrombosis in liver cirrhosis: a case-control study.

Background: The association of endoscopic variceal treatment (EVT) with portal venous system thrombosis (PVST) in liver cirrhosis is still unclear.

Methods: PVST was assessed by contrast-enhanced CT or MRI in 406 cirrhotic patients from our prospective database. Case and control groups, which are defined as patients with and without PVST, respectively, were matched at a ratio of 1:1 according to age, gender, Child-Pugh class, and MELD score.

Rate and Predictors of Endoscopic Mucosal Healing in Biologic Naive Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease by Azathioprine Treatment: A Real World, 10 Years' Experience from a Single Centre in Turkey.

Background: There is increasing evidence that endoscopic mucosal healing (EMH) is a key target in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) therapy. However, there is limited evidence of EMH rates with conventional IBD therapy outside of Western population groups.

Ai̇m: To evaluate the role of azathioprine (AZA) in inducing EMH in IBD patients.

Low lipase levels as an independent marker of pancreatic cancer: a frequently neglected condition in clinical setting.

Background/aims: Low lipase levels, which may be an indication of low production due to organ failure, are frequently encountered in a clinical setting, but are usually overlooked. This study examined the values of low serum lipase levels and other clinical parameters in the diagnosis of several clinical conditions, such as in pancreatic cancer.

Materials And Methods: Patients with low lipase levels (≤8 U/L) were included in this retrospective study.

Significant cohort of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease with portal vein thrombosis in transplant waiting list.

Aim: To characterize non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) presentation with esophageal varices.

Methods: We carried out a retrospective cohort study on 258 patients with esophageal varices at a single tertiary referral center. These patients underwent diagnosis of several liver diseases, including: NAFLD-associated cirrhosis, hepatitis B, hepatitis C, Wilson disease, autoimune liver diseases, and others.

Ovaries are more vulnerable than hepatocytes for insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia.

Background/aims: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are common metabolic disorders. We aimed to evaluate the underlying mechanisms in the development of NAFLD and PCOS.

Materials And Methods: Thirty female patients with NAFLD and without PCOS; 12 female patients with PCOS; and a control group with 17 healthy females were included.

Two cases with Plummer-Vinson syndrome in the 21st century.

Plummer-Vinson syndrome (PVS) is characterized by the presence of postcricoid dysphagia, iron deficiency anemia, and upper esophageal web. This syndrome is now a rare condition because of the improvement in nutritional status and increased awareness regarding iron deficiency anemia and the early diagnosis and easy treatment of this anemia or underlying causes. In this presentation, we report two middle-aged female patients with PVS and briefly review the literature.

Mallory-Denk bodies: Correlation with steatosis, severity, zonal distribution, and identification with ubiquitin.

Background/aims: Intermediate filament proteins contain few aggregates as their main component. Among those, Mallory-Denk bodies (MDBs) are by far the best recognized component. To identify the presence of MDBs in individuals having chronic liver disease and to evaluate the correlation among MDBs and steatosis as well as the severity and zonal distribution of hepatocyte balloon degeneration.