Endoscopic follow-up of low-grade precancerous bronchial lesions in high-risk patients: long-term results of the SELEPREBB randomised multicentre trial.

Background: 3-9% of low-grade preinvasive bronchial lesions progress to cancer. This study assessed the usefulness of an intensive bronchoscopy surveillance strategy in patients with bronchial lesions up to moderate squamous dysplasia.

Methods: SELEPREBB (ClinicalTrials.

Fumonisins and zearalenone fed at low levels can persist several days in the liver of turkeys and broiler chickens after exposure to the contaminated diet was stopped.

Previous studies using zearalenone (ZEN) and fumonisins (FB) revealed alpha-zearalanol (α-ZOL) and FB1 in the liver of turkeys and chickens with no sign of toxicity. The aim of the present study was to determine whether contamination persists after distribution of a mycotoxin-free diet for several days. Turkeys and broilers were fed for 14 days with a diet containing respectively, 7.

Toxicity of Fumonisins, Deoxynivalenol, and Zearalenone Alone and in Combination in Turkeys Fed with the Maximum European Union-Tolerated Level.

Surveys of mycotoxins worldwide have shown that deoxynivalenol (DON), fumonisins (FB), and zearalenone (ZON) are the most abundant mycotoxins (FUS) in European poultry feed, in both the level and the frequency of contamination. Previous studies reported that a combination of FUS at concentrations that individually are not toxic may negatively affect animals. However, although toxic thresholds and regulatory guidelines exist for FUS, none account for the risk of multiple contamination, which is the most frequent.

Fumonisin B1, B2 and B3 in Muscle and Liver of Broiler Chickens and Turkey Poults Fed with Diets Containing Fusariotoxins at the EU Maximum Tolerable Level.

Although provisional maximum tolerable daily intake and recommended guidelines have been established for fumonisins (FB) in food, few data are available concerning levels of FB in edible animal tissues. Such data are of particular interest in avian species that can tolerate relatively high levels of fumonisins in their feed. Also, even if multiple contamination of animal feed by toxins produced by is very frequent, little is known about the consequences of multiple contamination for FB levels in tissues.

Lack of Toxic Interaction Between Fusariotoxins in Broiler Chickens Fed throughout Their Life at the Highest Level Tolerated in the European Union.

mycotoxins (FUS) occur frequently in poultry diets, and regulatory limits are laid down in several countries. However, the limits were established for exposure to a single mycotoxin, whereas multiple contamination is more realistic, and different studies have demonstrated that it is not possible to predict interactions between mycotoxins. The purpose of this study was thus to compare the toxic effect of deoxynivalenol (DON), fumonisins (FB) and zearalenone (ZON), alone and in combination on broiler chickens, at the maximum tolerated level established by the EU for poultry feed.

Ergot Alkaloids at Doses Close to EU Regulatory Limits Induce Alterations of the Liver and Intestine.

An increase in the occurrence of ergot alkaloids (EAs) contamination has been observed in North America and Europe in recent years. These toxins are well known for their effects on the circulatory and nervous systems. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of EAs on the liver and on the intestine using the pig both as a target species and as a non-rodent model for human.

Time to initiation of treatment for neonatal abstinence syndrome in neonates exposed in utero to buprenorphine or methadone.

Background: The recommended standard of care calls for treating opioid-dependent pregnant women with methadone and observing neonates exposed in utero for five to seven postnatal days to see if treatment for neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) is needed. Data from a large multi-site randomized clinical trial comparing buprenorphine vs. methadone for the treatment of opioid dependence during pregnancy suggest buprenorphine-exposed neonates had less severe NAS, but may require pharmacologic treatment for NAS later than methadone-exposed neonates.

Development of a substance abuse program for opioid-dependent nonurban pregnant women improves outcome.

Background: The goal of this study was to determine whether improved access to medication assisted therapy in the general population, with improved coordination of ancillary services for pregnant women, improved perinatal outcomes in a nonurban area.

Methods: The cohort of women treated for opioid dependence during pregnancy with medication-assisted therapy and delivered at a single institution between 2000 and 2006 were retrospectively identified (n = 149 women; n = 151 neonates). Access to opioid agonist therapy for the general population was determined as the combined number of available treatment positions for medication-assisted therapy.

Standardised amino acid digestibility of wheat distillers' dried grains with solubles in force-fed cockerels.

1. In recent years, policies encouraging the production of ethanol from maize or wheat have stimulated an increased production of distillers' dried grains with solubles (DDGS) for which the nutritional value for poultry is poorly described, especially in the case of wheat DDGS. 2.

Energy value of wheat dried distillers grains with solubles in roosters, broilers, layers, and turkeys.

Four experiments were conducted to measure total tract metabolizability of gross energy (GE), the AME, and AMEn or AME content corrected for a standardized N retention (AMEs) of 10 European wheat dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS) in roosters, broilers (3 wk old), layers (25 wk old), and growing turkeys (10 wk old). The wheat DDGS were obtained from 7 European ethanol plants and selected to get a large variability in chemical composition. The AME, AMEn, or AMEs of wheat DDGS was obtained according to the difference method.

Energy value of wheat distillers grains with solubles for growing pigs and adult sows.

Two experiments were conducted to determine the total tract digestibility of energy and the DE and ME values of 10 European wheat dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS) fed to growing pigs and adult sows. The wheat DDGS were obtained from European ethanol plants and selected to get a large variability. One control diet, based on wheat (87.

Rheology of confined granular flows: scale invariance, glass transition, and friction weakening.

We study fully developed, steady granular flows confined between parallel flat frictional sidewalls using numerical simulations and experiments. Above a critical rate, sidewall friction stabilizes the underlying heap at an inclination larger than the angle of repose. The shear rate is constant and independent of inclination over much of the flowing layer.

Molecular predictive factors for progression of high-grade preinvasive bronchial lesions.

Rationale: The outcome of precancerous bronchial lesions is not well known, and their management is subject to controversy. Many molecular alterations are present in preinvasive lesions, but none has been assessed to predict the evolution of the lesions.

Objectives: To analyze the outcome of high-grade precancerous lesions according to their molecular profile.

Chronic toxicity of fumonisins in turkeys.

Fumonisins are mycotoxins that are found worldwide. They are mainly produced by Fusarium verticillioides during its development on corn. The main toxic effects of these molecules have been well characterized in poultry in the case of acute exposure, but the subclinical and economic effects of chronic exposure are less known.

[Cytokeratins 7 and 20 immunohistochemistry in ampullary carcinomas].

Unlabelled: Ampullary carcinomas (AC) account for 33% of all surgically operable pancreatoduodenal tumors. The 5-year relative survival rate is 50% and tumoral stage is the main prognostic factor. However, among the three AC histological subtypes (intestinal, pancreatobiliary and mixed), a favorable prognostic has been reported for the intestinal subtype.

-related Familial Juvenile Polyposis Syndrome with Colon Cancer.

Background: Juvenile polyposis syndrome (JPS) is a rare autosomal dominant disorder characterized by the development of multiple hamartomatous polyps in the gastrointestinal tract with an increased risk of malignancy. SMAD4 germline mutations account for about a third of JPS.

Patients And Methods: We describe, in the same family, the morphological and genetic aspects of two cases of JPS with colon cancer in one patient.

[Recurring bone epithelioid hemangioma].

Bone vascular tumors are very rare. Epithelioid types are described according to their architecture, their degree of vascular differentiation, and their cytonuclear atypia. The include epithelioid hemangioma, epithelioid hemangioendothelioma, and angiosarcoma.

[Retrorectal cystic hamartomas. Report of one case].

Retrorectal cystic hamartomas (RCH) are rare congenital lesions of the presacral space, of which 68 cases are reported under different terms. Clinicopathologic features are usually constant and similar to the present case. A 23-year-old woman complained of abdominal and perineal pains for several months.

Smoking status, occupational asbestos exposure and bronchial location of lung cancer.

The objective of this study was to determine the factors associated with central airway versus peripheral bronchial location of lung cancer. All patients diagnosed with lung cancer from 1997 through 2000 in the Respiratory Disease Department of Rouen University Hospital were prospectively interviewed about their smoking and occupational history using a standardized questionnaire. All patients underwent white-light bronchial endoscopy using a 4.