Virulence Spectra of Hungarian f. Isolates Collected from Experimental Fields Show Continuous Variation without Specific Isolate × Barley Differential Interactions.

f. (Ptt), the causal agent of net form net blotch (NFNB) disease, is an important and widespread pathogen of barley. This study aimed to quantify and characterize the virulence of Ptt isolates collected from experimental fields of barley in Hungary.

A Qualitative Concept Elicitation Study to Understand Patient-Reported Symptoms and Impacts of Neisseria gonorrhoeae Infections in the United States.

Background: Gonorrhea is the second most common bacterial sexually transmitted infection in the United States, with rising rates. Emerging antimicrobial resistance threatens public health, and vaccines are in development. This study documents patient-reported gonorrhea symptoms and health-related quality-of-life (HRQoL) impact in women who have sex with men (WSM), men who have sex with women (MSW), and men who have sex with men (MSM).

Lifecycle model-based evaluation of infant 4CMenB vaccination in the UK.

Objectives: Invasive meningococcal disease, an uncommon but severe disease, imposes catastrophic health and economic burdens. Cost-utility analysis (CUA) assumes separability in lifetime health and economic variables and cannot capture the full value of preventing such burdens. We overcome these limitations with a retrospective societal perspective cost-benefit analysis (CBA) of meningococcal serogroup B vaccination (4CMenB) of one infant cohort in the United Kingdom using a health-augmented lifecycle model (HALM) incorporating health's interactions with consumption, earnings, non-market time and financial risk.

Heat Treatments at Varying Ambient Temperatures and Durations Differentially Affect Plant Defense to in a Resistant and a Susceptible Line.

Our previous research showed that a powdery mildew resistant barley line (MvHV07-17) maintains its resistance to (Bh) even if plants are exposed to a long-term high temperature of 35°C for 120 h before Bh inoculation, whereas such high temperature pretreatment further increases susceptibility to infection in the susceptible barley line MvHV118-17. In the present study, we extended this approach using short-term high-temperature water treatment (49°C for 30 s) to determine how it affects powdery mildew resistance in these barley lines. We found that this short-term heat shock (HS) impaired plant defense responses, as reflected by development of Bh colonies and visible necrotic spots on leaves of MvHV07-17, which does not develop visible symptoms upon Bh inoculation under optimal growth conditions.

Rule of Prevention: a potential framework to evaluate preventive interventions for rare diseases.

The benefits of preventive interventions lack comprehensive evaluation in standard health technology assessments (HTA), particularly for rare and transmissible diseases. To identify possible considerations for future HTA using analogies between the treatment and prevention of rare diseases. An Expert panel meeting assessed whether one HTA assessment framework can be applied to assess both rare disease treatments and preventive interventions.

Burden of Pertussis in Adults Aged 50 Years and Older: A Retrospective Database Study in England.

Introduction: Pertussis, a highly infectious respiratory disease caused by Bordetella pertussis, affects people of all ages. Older adults are particularly susceptible to its severe outcomes and complications.

Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, the incidence rate of pertussis among individuals aged ≥ 50 years was assessed during 2009-2018 using Clinical Practice Research Datalink and Hospital Episode Statistics databases, United Kingdom.

Metabolic Adaptation as Potential Target in Papillary Renal Cell Carcinomas Based on Their In Situ Metabolic Characteristics.

Metabolic characteristics of kidney cancers have mainly been obtained from the most frequent clear cell renal cell carcinoma (CCRCC) studies. Moreover, the bioenergetic perturbances that affect metabolic adaptation possibilities of papillary renal cell carcinoma (PRCC) have not yet been detailed. Therefore, our study aimed to analyze the in situ metabolic features of PRCC vs.

Aspirin Mediates Its Antitumoral Effect Through Inhibiting PTTG1 in Pituitary Adenoma.

Context: DNA demethylation and inhibitory effects of aspirin on pituitary cell proliferation have been demonstrated.

Objective: Our aim was to clarify the molecular mechanisms behind the aspirin-related effects in pituitary cells.

Methods: DNA methylome and whole transcriptome profile were investigated in RC-4B/C and GH3 pituitary cell lines upon aspirin treatment.

Range of invasive meningococcal disease sequelae and health economic application - a systematic and clinical review.

Background: Invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) is uncommon, life-threatening, with many diverse sequelae. The aims were to: 1) comprehensively characterise the sequelae; 2) have a systematic application for sequelae impact in economic evaluation (EE).

Methods: Sequelae categorised as physical/neurological or psychological/behavioural were identified from a systematic review of IMD observational studies (OS) and EEs in high-income countries (published 2001-2020).

Burden of Pertussis in Individuals with a Diagnosis of Asthma: A Retrospective Database Study in England.

Purpose: The impact of pertussis in individuals with asthma is not fully understood. We estimated the incidence, health care resource utilization (HCRU), and direct medical costs (DMC) of pertussis in patients with asthma.

Patients And Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, the incidence rate of pertussis (identified using diagnostic codes) among individuals aged ≥50 years with an asthma diagnosis was assessed during 2009-2018 using Clinical Practice Research Datalink and Hospital Episode Statistics databases.

Public Health Impact and Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Routine Infant 4CMenB Vaccination in Germany to Prevent Serogroup B Invasive Meningococcal Disease.

Introduction: Invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) is an uncommon, severe, life-threatening disease primarily affecting infants, with potential lifelong sequelae. Neisseria meningitidis (Nm) serogroup B (MenB) causes most IMD cases in Germany, many of which can be prevented with four-component MenB (4CMenB) vaccination. The potential public health and economic impact of introducing routine 4CMenB infant vaccination in Germany was assessed.

Wnt-Signaling Regulated by Glucocorticoid-Induced miRNAs.

Glucocorticoids (GCs) are pleiotropic hormones which regulate innumerable physiological processes. Their comprehensive effects are due to the diversity of signaling mechanism networks. MiRNAs, small, non-coding RNAs contribute to the fine tuning of signaling pathways and reciprocal regulation between GCs and miRNAs has been suggested.

A relative quantitation method for measuring DNA methylation and hydroxymethylation using guanine as an internal standard.

Global DNA methylation and hydroxymethylation play an important role in gene expression. They can be connected with several diseases. The modification status could be a biomarker to determine the status of disease.

Three Dimensional Cell Culturing for Modeling Adrenal and Pituitary Tumors.

monolayer conditions are not able to reproduce the complexity of solid tumors, still, there is scarce information about the 3D cell culture models of endocrine tumor types. Therefore, our aim was to develop 3D tumor models by different methodologies for adrenocortical carcinoma (H295R), pituitary neuroendocrine tumor (RC-4B/C and GH3) and pheochromocytoma (PC-12). Various methodologies were tested.

Heat Stress Pre-Exposure May Differentially Modulate Plant Defense to Powdery Mildew in a Resistant and Susceptible Barley Genotype.

Heat stress negatively affects barley production and under elevated temperatures defense responses to powdery mildew ( f. sp. Bgh) are altered.

Community nursing placements: student learning experiences during a pandemic and beyond.

This article explores the challenges in maintaining community nursing placements as dynamic learning experiences for student nurses during the pandemic and beyond. Opportunities to create new ways of working and learning are essential to ensure student nurses can continue to be exposed to community nursing care. Developing insight, understanding, knowledge and skills in this unique learning environment is instrumental to encourage the next generation of community nurses and increase the future workforce.

Burden of Pertussis in COPD: A Retrospective Database Study in England.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) may increase the risk and severity of pertussis infection. Health care resource utilization (HCRU) and direct medical costs (DMC) of treating pertussis among patients with COPD are unknown. Reported incidence of pertussis among individuals aged ≥ 50 years with COPD was assessed in Clinical Practice Research Datalink and Hospital Episode Statistics databases during 2009-2018 using a retrospective cohort design.

Abiotic Stress Response of Near-Isogenic Spring Durum Wheat Lines under Different Sowing Densities.

A detailed study was made of changes in the plant development, morphology, physiology and yield biology of near-isogenic lines of spring durum wheat sown in the field with different plant densities in two consecutive years (2013-2014). An analysis was made of the drought tolerance of isogenic lines selected for yield QTLs ( and ), and the presence of QTL effects was examined in spring sowings. Comparisons were made of the traits of the isogenic pairs and -- both within and between the pairs.

Cost-Effectiveness of 4CMenB Infant Vaccination in England: A Comprehensive Valuation Considering the Broad Impact of Serogroup B Invasive Meningococcal Disease.

Objectives: This cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA) of 4CMenB infant vaccination in England comprehensively considers the broad burden of serogroup B invasive meningococcal disease (MenB IMD), which has not been considered, or was only partially considered in previous CEAs.

Methods: A review of previous MenB vaccination CEAs was conducted to identify aspects considered in the evaluation of costs and health outcomes of the disease burden of MenB IMD. To inform the model structure and comprehensive analysis, the aspects were grouped into 5 categories.

The SDHB Arg230His mutation causing familial paraganglioma alters glycolysis in a new model.

The conserved B-subunit of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) participates in the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA) cycle and mitochondrial electron transport. The Arg230His mutation in SDHB causes heritable pheochromocytoma/paraganglioma (PPGL). In , we generated an PPGL model (SDHB-1 Arg244His; equivalent to human Arg230His), which manifests delayed development, shortened lifespan, attenuated ATP production and reduced mitochondrial number.

Modelling the impact of 4CMenB and MenACWY meningococcal combined vaccination strategies including potential 4CMenB cross-protection: An application to England.

Invasive meningococcal disease (IMD), an uncommon but severe disease, affects mainly infants, young children and adolescents. Meningococcal B (4CMenB) and ACWY (MenACWY) vaccines targeting IMD-causing serogroups B and A, C, W and Y, respectively are available for these mostly-affected age-groups. The objective was to assess the impact of 4CMenB and/or MenACWY vaccination strategies on IMD in England, considering MenACWY carriage protection and potential cross-protection of 4CMenB against non-B serogroups.

Gamma-Synuclein Levels Are Elevated in Peritoneal Fluid of Patients with Endometriosis.

BACKGROUND The role of gamma-synuclein (SNCG) has been widely examined in malignant conditions due to its possible role in disease progression, but very little information is available on its theoretical function on endometriosis formation. MATERIAL AND METHODS Between January 2016 and December 2016, we collected peritoneal fluid and plasma samples from 45 consecutive female patients, of which 15 were without endometriosis, 15 had minimal to mild endometriosis, and 15 had moderate to severe endometriosis. The statistical power was 0.

Demethylation Status of Somatic DNA Extracted From Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumors Indicates Proliferative Behavior.

Background: Cytosine intermediaries 5-methylcytosine (5mC) and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), epigenetic hallmarks, have never been investigated in pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNET).

Objective: To examine methylation-demethylation status of global deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) in PitNET tissues and to assess its correlation with clinical and biological parameters.

Materials And Methods: Altogether, 57 PitNET and 25 corresponding plasma samples were collected.

Glucocorticoids Influencing Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway; Multiple Sites, Heterogeneous Effects.

Glucocorticoid hormones are vital; their accurate operation is a necessity at all ages and in all life situations. Glucocorticoids regulate diverse physiological processes and they use many signaling pathways to fulfill their effect. As the operation of these hormones affects many organs, the excess of glucocorticoids is actually detrimental to the whole human body.