Clinical and Laboratory Comparison of Covid-19 and Influenza A/B in Children.

Background: The clinical picture of COVID-19 shows significant similarity with influenza. In this study, it was aimed to compare the clinical and laboratory findings between pediatric patients diagnosed with COVID-19 and those with influenza A or B, and to obtain data on the differential diagnosis of COVID-19 from influenza in children.

Methods: The study included 104 patients with COVID-19, 140 patients with influenza A and 135 patients with in-fluenza B (379 patients in total) who were admitted to our tertiary hospital with symptoms of acute respiratory tract infection.

The Importance of Neutrophil/Lymphocyte and Lymphocyte/Monocyte Ratios in The Diagnosis of Influenza in Children.

Background: We aimed to analyze the neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and lymphocyte/monocyte ratio (LMR) to investigate their value in supporting the diagnosis of influenza in cases with influenza-like symptoms.

Methods: A total of 5,693 pediatric patients who applied to the Pediatric Clinic between January 2015 and December 2018 were included in the study. Complete blood count and influenza rapid antigen tests were evaluated at the time of admission.

The relationship of argyrophilic proteins of the nuclear-organized regions and atopic dermatitis in children.

Background: The argyrophilic proteins of nuclear-organized regions (AgNOR), visualised with colloidal silver methods as black dots are known as AgNOR. To date, the relationship between AgNOR and cancer and inflammatory conditions has been investigated. However, there has been no report investigating the relationship between AgNOR and atopic dermatitis.

Does maternal diet affect infantile colic?

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of maternal diet on infantile colic without any interventions or food restrictions.

Methods: Thirty colicky and 29 non-colicky infants were included in this prospective study. Mother's diet and baby crying time were recorded for 1 week by mothers; nutritionist classified contents of mother's diet and compared the diet of mother in colicky and non-colicky infants.

Late presenting Bochdalek hernia with gastric perforation.

Late-onset congenital diaphragmatic hernias that give symptoms beyond the neonatal period are rare and are difficult to diagnose. The diagnosis is usually made in case of complications such as intestinal obstruction, strangulation, and perforation, which further necessitate immediate surgical repair. The case of a 5-year-old child presenting with acute respiratory distress with gastric strangulation and perforation secondary to Bochdalek hernia is reported here.

The prevalence of goiter and hypothyroidism among school children 6 years after introduction of a mandatory salt iodination program in a severely iodine-deficient area of the West Black Sea region of Turkey.

The objective of the current study was to determine the prevalence and the degree of iodine deficiency after mandatory salt iodization in Yığılca's school-aged children. A total of 806 school children aged 6-19 years were evaluated. The prevalence of goiter in children aged 6-12 and 13-19 years was 20.

H1N1 influenza A virus Related Pneumonia and Respiratory Failure.

Influenza viruses are common respiratory pathogens in humans and can cause serious infection that leads to the development of pneumonia. In this study, the clinical and laboratory features of 36 patients from Turkey who are hospitalized in intensive care unit due to pandemic influenza A (H1N1) associated pneumonia and respiratory failure were retrospectively evaluated. The most common symptoms were cough and fever.

An easy technique for removal of knotted catheter in the bladder: percutaneous suprapubic cystoscopic intervention.

Uncontaminated urine samples are indispensable to precisely diagnose urinary tract infections in new-borns or infants. Among many clinical interventions for urine collection are described, the most common noninvasive practice is using sterile bags, associated with significant contamination of samples. In children, however, invasive methods i.

Sedoanalgesia in pediatric daily surgery.

Purpose: The present report was focused on clinical advantages of sedoanalgesia in the pediatric outpatient surgical cases.

Method: Sedoanalgesia has been used to sedate patients for a variety of pediatric procedures in our department between 2007 and 2010. This is a retrospective review of 2720 pediatric patients given ketamine for sedation with midazolam premedication.

A case of bronchogenic cyst mimicking foreign body aspiration.

Bronchogenic cysts (BCs) can be life threatening if they compress vital structures in infants and small children. In particular, subcarinal cysts can be life-threatening and compromise the airways. In infants, the initial presentation may be respiratory distress.

Determination of underlying causes in asymptomatic, early-stage renal diseases by dipstick test.

Aim: To prevent possible chronic kidney diseases in healthy school- age children by screening for hematuria and proteinuria using a urine strip.

Methods: The incidence of hematuria and proteinuria was determined in 1848 healthy school-age children aged 7 to 14 years by urine screening in the eastern region of Turkey in 2008. Cases with persistent hematuria and/or proteinuria were referred to a pediatric nephrologist, and further examinations were carried out.

Low-grade osteomyelitis of the fifth metatarsal with possible concomitant Freiberg's disease of the metatarsal head.

Freiberg's disease, metatarsal avascular necrosis, is most often seen in healthy athletic adolescent girls. Presenting symptoms include vague pain, swelling, and loss of motion in the involved metatarsophalangeal joints. Low-grade osteomyelitis often is difficult to identify.

The effect of maximum voided volume on response to desmopressin therapy in children with enuresis.

Purpose: This study was aimed to determine the effect of maximum voided volume (MVV) on the efficacy of desmopressin, which is commonly used to treat primary monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis (PMNE) in children and adolescents.

Materials And Methods: Bladder capacity was measured with different methods in 52 patients with PMNE, and the effect of bladder capacity on desmopressin therapy was investigated.

Results: Patients with PMNE in whom MVV was 70% or less of estimated bladder capacity were found to be unresponsive to desmopressin therapy.

Allergic contact dermatitis to para-phenylenediamine in a tattoo: a case report.

It is highly popular among children and young adults to have temporary henna tattoos on their bodies in different colors and figures. Henna is a greenish natural powder obtained from the flowers and dry leaves of Lawsonia alba plant and its allergenicity is very low. Henna is also used in combination with other coloring substances such as para-phenylenediamine in order to darken the color and create a permanent tattoo effect.

Do gastrointestinal and respiratory signs and symptoms correlate with the severity of gastroesophageal reflux?

Background: Gastroesophageal reflux (GER) is a disorder that is common by seen in childhood and may lead to severe complications. In this study, we ascertained the incidence of GER among the children who had typical and atypical complaints of GER and whether there was a difference between two groups comparing the findings of 24-hour pH-meter.

Methods: 39 out of 70 patients with typical and atypical GER symptoms were diagnosed as GER by 24-hour pH-meter monitoring.

Retrospective clinical and laboratory evaluation of children with brucellosis.

Background: Acute brucellosis is a zoonotic disease seen in childhood, with non-specific complaints and clinical findings that can affect the locomotor, gastrointestinal, genitourinary, hematologic, cardiovascular, respiratory, and central nervous systems. Particularly in endemic regions, it occurs as a result of consumption of unpasteurized milk and dairy products. In this study, clinical and laboratory findings of children with acute brucellosis are presented.

The evaluation of children with monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis for attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder.

Objective: Monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis (MNE) and attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are multifactorial disorders and biological, social, and psychological factors may play significant roles in the development of both. Children with enuresis display a higher prevalence of ADHD compared to the normal population. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between MNE and ADHD.

Case of isolated thrombocytopenia due to cobalamin deficiency.

The most common form of isolated thrombocytopenia is idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) in childhood. Hence, pediatricians consider a possible diagnosis of ITP in patients with isolated thrombocytopenia who are admitted to hospital with complaints of skin findings such as petechiae, purpura, and ecchymosis. It is well known that cobalamin deficiency may also cause thrombocytopenia together with anemia and leukopenia in children.

A case of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis mimicking leukodystrophy.

Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is a monophasic, immune-mediated demyelinating disorder that can follow immunizations or more often infections including rubeola, rubella, varicella, herpes zoster, mumps, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, or, more commonly, other nonspecific upper respiratory tract infections. Documentation of a preceding illness is not required to make this diagnosis. This report examines the case of a 9-month-old male patient presenting with the features of an acute leukodystrophy following innoculation with the mixed vaccine Pentaxim (Sanofi Pasteur, Lyon- France) while suffering from a lower respiratory tract infection, and who was eventually diagnosed as ADEM.

Chronic mercury poisoning: Report of two siblings.

Mercury exists as organic inorganic and elementary forms in nature and is one of the most toxic metals that are poisonous for human beings. Mercury is commonly used in many different sectors of industry such as in insects formulas, agriculture products, lamps, batteries, paper, dyes, electrical/electronic devices, jewelry, and in dentistry. In this study, two siblings (one a 7-year-old boy and the other a 13 years old girl) are reported who developed chronic mercury poisoning as a result of long-term contact with batteries.