Surgical outcomes of tethered cord syndrome in patients with normal conus medullaris and filum terminale without urologic symptoms.

Purpose: Tethered cord syndrome (TCS) typically presents with urologic symptoms and abnormal imaging findings. However, some patients present with normal conus medullaris level and filum terminale appearance on MRI. This research seeks to assess the intended surgical results in this particular group of TCS patients who do not present with urologic complaints, under the premise that the surgical approach goes a long way in preventing the onset of urologic abnormalities.

Histological and electroencephalographic demonstration of probiotic effect for reduce of oxidative stress and apoptosis in experimental traumatic brain injury.

Background: The gut microbiota modulates nervous system function. In the literature, it has been shown that this modula-tion is used in many nervous system injuries through oxidative stress (OS) and apoptosis mechanisms. In this study, it was aimed to investigate the neuroprotective effects of probiotic (PB) treatment in a rat traumatic brain injury (TBI) model with histological and electroencephalographic (EEG) data.

Anterior odontoid screw fixation using Acutrak screw: Report of 19 patients.

Background: This paper aims to present clinical and radiological results of patients who underwent anterior odontoid screw fixation (AOSF).

Methods: In this study, 19 consecutive patients with an unstable odontoid fracture were operated on using an Acutrak screw.

Results: The patients were followed for a mean duration of 12.

Therapeutic effects of Lacosamide in a rat model of traumatic brain injury: A histological, biochemical and electroencephalography monitoring study.

Objective: Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is a major cause of death and disability worldwide, especially in children and young adults. TBI can be classified based on severity, mechanism or other features. Inflammation, apoptosis, oxidative stress, and ischemia are some of the important pathophys-iological mechanisms underlying neuronal loss after TBI.

Inhibiting effect of oleocanthal on neuroblastoma cancer cell proliferation in culture.

We investigated the potential anticancer effects of oleocanthal (OC) on neuroblastoma cells. Cells were divided into four groups: group 1, neuroblastoma cells were treated with OC; group 2, neurons that differentiated from neuroblastoma cells were treated with phosphate-buffered saline(PBS); group 3, bone marrow derived neuronal (BMDN) cells that were differentiated from bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) were treated with OC; group 4, BMDN cells that were differentiated from BMSCs were treated with PBS. Groups 2 and 4 were control groups.

Punicic Acid Inhibits Glioblastoma Migration and Proliferation via the PI3K/AKT1/mTOR Signaling Pathway.

Background: Punicic Acid (PA) is a polyunsaturated fatty acid that accounts for approximately 70%- 80% of Pomegranate Seed Oil (PSO). PA possesses strong antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-atherogenic effects, and anti-tumorigenic properties. Pomegranate extracts have been shown to have anticancer activity in many studies.

Neuroprotective Effects of Oleocanthal, a Compound in Virgin Olive Oil, in a Rat Model of Traumatic Brain Injury.

Aim: To evaluate the neuroprotective effects of deocanthal OC in a rat model of traumatic brain injury (TBI).

Material And Methods: Twenty-six adult male, Wistar albino rats were used. The rats were divided into 4 groups.

Neuroprotective effects of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cellsand conditioned medium in mechanically injured neuroblastoma cells.

Background/aim: Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) possess self-renewal characteristics that distinguish them from other cell types. Recent studies have focused on the effects of conditioned medium (CM) that includes the extracellular matrix. Here we examined the neuroprotective effects of BMSCs and CM on damaged neuroblastoma cells.

Are Herniated Cerebellar Tonsils the Main Culprit of Chiari Malformation Type I Symptoms? The Brainstem Compression Hypothesis seems to be Re-Elucidated and Revised.

Aim: The Chiari Malformation I (CM I) and the tethered cord syndrome (TCS) are both congenital abnormalities whose mechanisms are still not fully understood. The association of CM I and TCS has been reported only a few times previously.

Material And Methods: This retrospective study included 7 patients who were diagnosed with CM I and TCS, managed by cutting of the filum terminale.

Effects of lacosamide "a novel antiepileptic drug" in the early stages of chicken embryo development.

Introduction: Antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) are teratogens and confer a risk of congenital malformation. The estimated prevalence of major congenital malformations such as cardiac defects, facial clefts, hypospadias, and neural tube defects in epileptic women is 4-10 %, which represents a two- to fourfold increase in pregnant women compared to the general population. However, there are no clear data for newer drugs.

Scoliosis may be the first symptom of the tethered spinal cord.

Background: Tethered cord syndrome (TCS) is a progressive clinical entity that arises from abnormal spinal cord tension. Scoliosis may be a unique symptom in TCS. The aim of this study is to investigate prognosis after releasing the filum terminale in scoliosis due to TCS with/without findings in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and to draw attention to the importance of somatosensorial evoked potentials (SSEP) on the differential diagnosis of idiopathic scoliosis versus scoliosis due to TCS with normal appearance of filum terminale and conus medullaris.

Tethered Cord Syndrome in Adults: Experience of 56 Patients.

Aim: The aim of this study was to describe the results of surgery performed in a group of adult patients with tethered cord syndrome with their outcomes.

Material And Methods: This retrospective study included 56 patients. There were 38 females and 18 males.

Cutting filum terminale is very important in split cord malformation cases to achieve total release.

Aim: Split cord malformations (SCMs) are rare congenital anomalies of the vertebrae and the spinal cord. Tethered cord syndrome (TCS) is a clinical condition of various origins that arises from tension on the spinal cord. Radiographic findings may include and/or associate split cord malformations and the other neural tube defects.

Congenital dermal sinus tract of the spine: experience of 16 patients.

Congenital dermal sinus tract is a rare entity which lined by epithelial cells and can end anywhere between subcutaneous planes to thecal sac. These tracts may be accompanied with other pathologies such as lipomyelomeningocele, myelomeningocele, split cord malformation, tethered cord, filum abnormality and inclusion tumors and treatment includes resection of tract with intradural exploration. The authors review their experience with 16 cases.

Intracranial hydatid cyst is a rare cause of midbrain herniation: A case report and literature review.

Hydatid disease is a parasitic infection affecting the brain in about 2% of the cases. Brain involvement is most commonly observed in children. Here, we report a 13-year-old male patient who presented with headache, nausea, and vomiting.

[Cerebral cystic echinococcosis in the light of our experience].

Cerebral cystic echinococcosis (CCE) is rare and constitutes 1-2% of all cystic echinococcosis. The cysts are usually solitary and most frequently located in the supratentorial region. CCE is classified as primary and secondary.

A new guide tube for odontoid screw fixation for unstable odontoid fractures: report of 6 case series.

Aim: We describe a modified form of traditional open surgery with a new guide tube. This guide tube permits anterior screwing of odontoid in a shorter time with a more simple technique as compared to traditional open surgery, endoscopic and percutaneous surgeries.

Material And Methods: Our series includes 6 patients who were operated for unstable odontoid fracture.

Differences in individual susceptibility affect the development of trigeminal neuralgia.

Trigeminal neuralgia is a syndrome due to dysfunctional hyperactivity of the trigeminal nerve, and is characterized by a sudden, usually unilateral, recurrent lancinating pain arising from one or more divisions of the nerve. The most accepted pathogenetic mechanism for trigeminal neuralgia is compression of the nerve at its dorsal root entry zone or in its distal course. In this paper, we report four cases with trigeminal neuralgia due to an unknown mechanism after an intracranial intervention.

Missing screw as a rare complication of anterior cervical instrumentation.

Although anterior cervical arthrodesis is an effective procedure for the treatment of cervical disorders, the method has some complications. Here, we describe this rare complication of cervical instrumentation with a literature review. A 23-year-old male patient was operated for a C6-C7 dislocation.

Isolated solitary intramedullary spinal cord metastasis presenting as the first manifestation of small-cell lung cancer: report of a rare case.

Background. Intramedullary spinal cord metastases presenting as the first manifestation of malignancies are extremely rare lesions. Case Description.