[Effect of polysaccharides on biological activity of human lactoferrin].

The influence of neutral and ionic polysaccharides on the antioxidant (AOA) and detoxifying activities of lactoferrin (LF) and the duration of its circulation in the body was studied. In addition to natural polymers, we studied artificial chitosan derivatives with different functional groups. On the basis ofAOA test, five polysaccharides were selected.

[Sulfated polysaccharides and their anticoagulant activity (review)].

Published data on the sulfated polysaccharides of various origins that display an anticoagulant activity are summarized and analyzed. The methods used for producing semisynthetic derivatives are considered. A key role of the polysaccharide structure in the mechanisms of specific interaction with various blood plasma proteinases is discussed.

[Effects of intravenous injection of sulphated galactomannan on anticoagulant activity of rat plasma].

We studied anticoagulant activity in vitro and in vivo of sulfate depolymerisation galactomannan guar with the following characteristics: Man:Gal 1.64, molecular mass 127 kDa, sulfation degree 1.46.

[Anticoagulant activity of low-molecular-weight sulfated derivatives of galactomannan from Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (L.) seeds].

Galactomannan from seeds of Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (L.) Taub. (guar) was depolymerized using immobilized enzymatic preparation celloviridin.

[Depolymerisation of legume seed galactomannans by Celloviridin G20x].

The depolymerisation of legume seed Galactomannans by commercial preparation "Celloviridin G20x" to produce fragments of macromolecules with unchanged monomer ratio was studied. The hydrolysis of four galactomannans in whole range of monomer ratio for this phytopolysaccharide group 1.1-5.

[Synthesis of galactomannan sulfates].

The experimental conditions for the sulfation of legume galactomannans were found, which allow for the obtainment of polysaccharides with a high degree of substitution. Sulfate esters of four galactomannans of different composition (galactose content, 16.4-47.

[Study of galactoglucomannans from the seed of Cercis canadensis L].

Galactoglucomannans were isolated by selective precipitation from aqueous and alkaline extracts of endosperm and hulls of Cercis canadensis, a member of the family Fabaceae. Their monosaccharide composition (Man: Gal: Glu) was as follows: 10.4: 0.

[Fractional isolation and study of the structure of galactomannan from sophora (Styphnolobium japonicum) seeds].

Two fractions (1 and 2) of the galactomannan from seeds of sophora (Styphnolobium japonicum) were isolated using cold and hot aqueous extraction with a total yield of 12.88%. The two fractions differed by the ratio between mannose (Man) and galactose (Gal) residues (4.

[Composition and structure of galactomannan from the seed of Gleditsia ferox Desf].

Galactomannan, a heteropolysaccharide with a molecular weight of 1660 kDa, was isolated form the seed of Gleditsia ferox Desf., introduced in Russia, with a yield of 18.9%.

[Water-soluble galactomannan from the seeds of Lotus corniculatus L.: structure and properties].

Galactomannan, a water-soluble heteropolysaccharide, was isolated from the seed of Far-Eastern population of ground honeysuckle Lotus corniculatus L. (yield, 1.65%).

[Determination of the primary and fine structures of galactomannan from seeds of Gleditsia triacanthos f. intermis L].

This was the first study to isolate galactomannan, a 660-kDa polysaccharide, from the seeds of Gleditsia triacanthos f. inermis L. (yield 15.

[Localization of acetyl groups in macromolecules of glucomannan from Eremurus zangezuricus roots].

Water-soluble glucomannan from roots of Eremurus zangezuricus Mikheev was studied. The polysaccharide contains D-glucose, D-mannose, and acetyl groups in the molecular ratio of 1:2.8:0.

[Formation of xylitol in Candida guilliermondii 2581 culture].

The yeast strain Candida guilliermondii 2581 was chosen for its ability to produce xylitol in media with high concentrations of xylose. The rate of xylitol production at a xylose concentration of 150 g/l is 1.25 g/l per h; the concentration of xylitol after three days of cultivation is 90 g/l; and the relative xylitol yield is 0.

[Galactomannan from ambiguous Crazyweed (Oxytropis ambigua (Pall) DC)].

A galactomannan with a molecular weight of 735 kDa was first isolated and purified from seeds of ambiguous crazyweed Oxytropis ambigua (Pall) DC. (family Leguminosae) with a yield of 3.6%.

[Structure and characteristics of glucomannans from Eremurus iae and E.zangezuricus: detection of acetyl group localization in macromolecules].

Water-soluble glucomannans from roots of Eremurus iae and E. zangezuricus were studied. These polysaccharides were shown to contain 28.

[Composition and structure of a galactomannan macromolecules from seeds of Astragalus lehmannianus Bunge].

The composition and structure of a galactomannan from seeds of Astragalus lehmannianus, an endemic legume species, is reported for the first time. The purified galactomannan (yield, 4.8%) contained 55% D-mannose and 45% D-galactose and had a molecular weight of 997.

Protein stabilization via hydrophilization. Covalent modification of trypsin and alpha-chymotrypsin.

This paper experimentally verifies the idea presented earlier that the contact of nonpolar clusters located on the surface of protein molecules with water destabilizes proteins. It is demonstrated that protein stabilization can be achieved by artificial hydrophilization of the surface area of protein globules by chemical modification. Two experimental systems are studied for the verification of the hydrophilization approach.

Characteristics of protein-aqueous medium interactions measured by partition in aqueous Ficoll-Dextran biphasic system.

Partitioning of a number of proteins in the aqueous Ficoll-400-Dextran-70 biphasic system was studied at pH 7.4 under varied ionic compositions. The relative hydrophobicities of the proteins have been estimated, and the contributions of the interactions of the ionogenic and non-ionic groups of a protein with an aqueous environment to the total hydrophobicity of the protein have been evaluated.

Physico-chemical factors governing partition behaviour of solutes and particles in aqueous polymeric biphasic systems. III. Features of solutes and biological particles detected by the partition technique.

The partition behaviour of human serum albumin and oxyhaemoglobin and several amino acids and small peptides was studied in the aqueous Ficoll-dextran biphasic system as a function of the ionic composition and pH. The partition coefficients of the solutes were expressed in terms of the equivalent number of CH2 groups, nCH2, and the equivalent number of carboxyl groups, m. The physical meaning of these two parameters and of the relationships found between them and pH for the proteins examined are discussed.

Correlation of hydrophobic character of opioid peptides with their biological activity measured in various bioassay systems.

Relative hydrophobicity of a series of enkephalin-like peptides has been studied by partitioning in the aqueous polymeric Ficoll-dextran biphasic system. The activities of the peptides in the guinea pig ileum, mouse vas deferens and rat brain receptor binding assay systems have been examined. The biological activities of the peptides in the two latter assays were correlated with their hydrophobic character.

[Electrochemical analysis of microsomal cytochromes].

The electrochemical behaviour of the electron transfer proteins -- cytochromes b5, c and P-450 was studied by classical polarography and electrolysis with spectrophotometric monitoring. It was shown electrons are directly transferred from the electrode to oxidized cytochromes c and b5. Cytochrome P-450 is not reduced on the electrodes.

Relative hydrophobicity of human serum proteins as measured by partition in aqueous two-polymer phase systems.

The effect of the ionic strength on the partition of a number of human serum proteins in the buffered isotonic ficoll-dextran phase systems was examined. The relative hydrophobicity of the protein was estimated.

[Redox potentials of some metalloproteins].

The standard redox potentials of soluble cytochromes c isolated from the green alga Chlorella and the blue-green algae Spirulina and Aphanezomenon were determined by potentiometric titration and found to be equal to +380 mB, +330 mB and +357 AB, respectively. The standard redox potentials of plastocyanin preparations from Pisum sativum and Atriplex leaves were also determined and found close to those of soluble cytochromes c, i. e.