HaloTag-based reporters for sparse labeling and cell tracking.

Multiscale analysis of morphogenesis requires to follow and measure in real-time the behaviour of large numbers of individual cells over long period of time. Despite recent progress, the large-scale automated tracking of cells in developing embryos and tissues remains a challenge. Here we describe a genetic tool for the random and sparse labelling of individual cells in developing tissues.

Impact of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Mutations on Its Activation by TMPRSS2 and the Alternative TMPRSS13 Protease.

The continuous emergence of new variants of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) urges better understanding of the functional motifs in the spike (S) protein and their tolerance to mutations. Here, we focused on the S2' motif, which, during virus entry, requires cleavage by a host cell protease to release the fusion peptide. Though belonging to an immunogenic region, the SARS-CoV-2 S2' motif (811-KPSKR-815) has shown hardly any variation, with its three basic (K/R) residues being >99.

Gastric adenocarcinoma revealed by atypical pulmonary lymphangitic carcinomatosis.

Pulmonary lymphangitic carcinomatosis (PLC) is a well-known form of tumour metastasis to the pulmonary lymphatic system or to the adjacent interstitial tissue resulting in thickening of the bronchovascular bundle and septa. Another type of tumour metastasis to the lung involves the pulmonary vascular system and is known as pulmonary tumour thrombotic microangiopathy (PTTM). In this article, we will describe the unusual case of a young Chinese woman with gastric adenocarcinoma revealed by atypical radiographic lesions consistent with both PLC and PTTM.

Potential Targets' Analysis Reveals Dual PI3K/mTOR Pathway Inhibition as a Promising Therapeutic Strategy for Uterine Leiomyosarcomas-an ENITEC Group Initiative.

Uterine sarcomas are rare and heterogeneous tumors characterized by an aggressive clinical behavior. Their high rates of recurrence and mortality point to the urgent need for novel targeted therapies and alternative treatment strategies. However, no molecular prognostic or predictive biomarkers are available so far to guide choice and modality of treatment.

Matrix stiffness modulates formation and activity of neuronal networks of controlled architectures.

The ability to construct easily in vitro networks of primary neurons organized with imposed topologies is required for neural tissue engineering as well as for the development of neuronal interfaces with desirable characteristics. However, accumulating evidence suggests that the mechanical properties of the culture matrix can modulate important neuronal functions such as growth, extension, branching and activity. Here we designed robust and reproducible laminin-polylysine grid micropatterns on cell culture substrates that have similar biochemical properties but a 100-fold difference in Young's modulus to investigate the role of the matrix rigidity on the formation and activity of cortical neuronal networks.

The exon junction complex controls transposable element activity by ensuring faithful splicing of the piwi transcript.

The exon junction complex (EJC) is a highly conserved ribonucleoprotein complex that binds RNAs during splicing and remains associated with them following export to the cytoplasm. While the role of this complex in mRNA localization, translation, and degradation has been well characterized, its mechanism of action in splicing a subset of Drosophila and human transcripts remains to be elucidated. Here, we describe a novel function for the EJC and its splicing subunit, RnpS1, in preventing transposon accumulation in both Drosophila germline and surrounding somatic follicle cells.

Genome-wide translational changes induced by the prion [PSI+].

Prions are infectious proteins that can adopt a structural conformation that is then propagated among other molecules of the same protein. [PSI(+)] is an aggregated conformation of the translational release factor eRF3. [PSI(+)] modifies cellular fitness, inducing various phenotypes depending on genetic background.

Direct carotid-cavernous fistula: a case report and review of the literature.

A 21-year-old man presented with severe proptosis, chemosis, diplopia and an orbital bruit three weeks after a motor vehicle accident. The intraocular pressure was increased. The suspected diagnosis of a direct carotid-cavernous fistula (CCF) was confirmed by digital substraction arteriography.

Correlation between the loss of thyroglobulin iodination and the expression of thyroid-specific proteins involved in iodine metabolism in thyroid carcinomas.

Progress in biotechnology has provided useful tools for tracing proteins involved in thyroid hormone synthesis in vivo. Mono- or polyclonal antibodies are now available to detect on histological sections the Na(+)/I(-) symporter (NIS) at the basolateral pole of the cell, the putative iodide channel (pendrin) at the apical plasma membrane, thyroperoxidase (TPO), and members of the NADPH-oxidase family, thyroid oxidase 1 and 2 (ThOXs), part of the H(2)O(2)-generating system. The aim of this study was to correlate thyroglobulin (Tg) iodination with the presence of these proteins.

Pagetic sarcoma of the calvarium: report of two cases.

Two cases of calvarium sarcoma with intracranial extension, consecutive to Paget disease of the skull are presented. The neurosurgical implications of this rare complication of a common disease are reviewed. In both cases, the symptoms of malignant degeneration were unspecific and blurred by the presence of a well-known Paget disease.

Indocyanine green angiography in choroidal osteoma.

Background: Choroidal osteoma is a rare choroidal tumor; knowledge of its indocyanine green characteristics is limited.

Methods: The fundus photographs and the fluorescein and indocyanine green angiograms of three patients were reviewed. Each patient was examined at least twice with a follow-up varying from 10 to 60 months.

In vitro study of acute toxic effects of high iodide doses in human thyroid follicles.

The acute effects of increasing doses of sodium iodide were studied on human thyroid follicles isolated from normal paranodular tissue. After 24 h incubation in culture medium, follicles isolated from most thyroids maintained their capacity for 125I accumulation and organification and a normal cellular ultrastructure. 125I accumulation was significantly increased after addition of TSH, whereas 125I organification was not affected.

Correlated autoradiographic and ion-microscopic study of the role of iodine in the formation of "cold" follicles in young and old mice.

The role of iodine in the formation of "cold" follicles (not labeled on autoradiograms after radioiodine administration) was analysed in ICR female mice during aging and involution of thyroid hyperplasia, by use of light and electron microscopy and by comparing autoradiographic and analytical ion-microscopic images for the same follicle in serial sections. The proportion of "cold" and "partly cold" (displaying a patchy or ring labeling pattern on autoradiograms) follicles increased significantly during aging. This increase was more pronounced in old mice fed an iodine-rich diet as compared to mice fed a moderate iodine diet.

["Insect bite" and Borrelia].

A case of insect bite with a peculiar evolution is presented. The simultaneous inoculation of Borrelia burgdorferi and the treatment are discussed.

[Lethal midline granuloma. A case report].

In their study of a case of lethal midline-granuloma, the authors describe the relations between this affection, Wegener's granulomatosis and lymphoma. The case under review illustrates the difficulty in accurately defining the nosologic picture of the disease. Anatomo-pathological examinations present two possibilities: one being malignant granuloma of the Stewart type, the other that of lymphoma.