Graduate Student Literature Review: Potential use of HSP70 as an indicator of heat stress in dairy cows-A review.

Heat stress (HS) poses significant challenges to the dairy industry, resulting in reduced milk production, impaired reproductive performance, and compromised animal welfare. Therefore, understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying cellular responses to HS is crucial for developing effective strategies to mitigate its adverse effects. Heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) has emerged as a potential player involved in cellular thermotolerance in dairy cows.

Glucocorticoid sparing effect of Janus Kinase inhibitors compared to biological Disease Modifying Anti-Rheumatic Drugs in rheumatoid arthritis, a single-center retrospective analysis.

Background: Glucocorticoid sparing in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) treatment is crucial to minimizing adverse effects associated with long-term use. Janus kinase inhibitors (JAKi) could potentially offer a more potent glucocorticoid-sparing effect than biological Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs (bDMARDs).

Material And Methods: This is a single-center retrospective analysis of RA patients treated with JAKi or bDMARDs.

Health and functional advantages of cheese containing soy protein and soybean-derived casein.

The global food system faces a challenge of sustainably producing enough food, and especially protein, to meet the needs of a growing global population. In developed countries, approximately 2/3 of protein comes from animal sources and 1/3 from plants. For an assortment of reasons, dietary recommendations call for populations in these countries to replace some of their animal protein with plant protein.

Final Results from the First European Real-World Experience on Lusutrombopag Treatment in Cirrhotic Patients with Severe Thrombocytopenia: Insights from the REAl-World Lusutrombopag Treatment in ITalY Study.

Management of severe thrombocytopenia poses significant challenges in patients with chronic liver disease. Here, we aimed to evaluate the first real-world European post-marketing cohort of cirrhotic patients treated with lusutrombopag, a thrombopoietin receptor agonist, verifying the efficacy and safety of the drug. In the REAl-world Lusutrombopag treatment in ITalY (REALITY) study, we collected data from consecutive cirrhotic patients treated with lusutrombopag in 19 Italian hepatology centers, mostly joined to the "Club Epatologi Ospedalieri" (CLEO).

Wholegrain triticale sourdough: Effects of triticale:Wheat flour ratio and hydration level on bread quality.

Triticale (×) is a hybrid between wheat ( spp.) and rye (), producing higher grain yields than wheat in challenging environments. Triticale grain is also highly nutritious.

Effectiveness of test-and-treat model with direct-acting antiviral for hepatitis C virus infection in migrants: a prospective interventional study in Italy.

Background: Migrants, mainly undocumented and low-income refugees, are at high risk of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, but are a difficult-to-reach and to-treat population. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a test and treat model with direct-acting antiviral for HCV infection in these migrants coming from low-income and living in southern Italy.

Methods: A prospective, multicenter, collaborative study based on a four-phase-program (educational counseling, screening, linkage-to-care and treatment) was designed in southern Italy; the study started in June 2018, was stopped in February 2020 because of the outbreak of SARS-CoV2 infection in Italy and was resumed in February 2021 until November 2021.

A holistic evaluation of patients with chronic Hepatitis D virus (HDV) infection enrolled in the Italian PITER-B and delta cohort.

Background And Aims: We aimed to characterize the epidemiologic and comorbidities profiles of patients with chronic Hepatitis D (CHD) followed in clinical practice in Italy and explored their interferon (IFN) eligibility.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of the PITER cohort consisting of consecutive HBsAg-positive patients from 59 centers over the period 2019-2023. Multivariable analysis was performed by logistic regression model.

Perspective: Observational Studies Involving Low-Soy Intake Populations Have Limited Ability for Providing Insight into the Health Effects of Soybean Isoflavones.

Isoflavones are naturally occurring plant compounds found in uniquely high amounts in soybeans and foods made from this legume. These soybean constituents have been proposed to exert several health benefits and as such they have been the subject of an enormous amount of research. This research includes randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and epidemiologic investigations.

Decline and Extinction of the Italian Agile Frog from Core Areas of Its Range.

Detecting the trends of species and populations is fundamental to identifying taxa with high conservation priority. Unfortunately, long-term monitoring programs are challenging and often lacking. The Italian agile frog is endemic to Northern Italy and adjacent countries, is considered vulnerable by the IUCN, and is protected at the European level.

Plant-Based Dairy Alternatives Contribute to a Healthy and Sustainable Diet.

Plant-based foods are increasing in popularity as more and more people are concerned about personal and planetary health. The consumption of plant-based dairy alternatives (PBDAs) has assumed a more significant dietary role in populations shifting to more sustainable eating habits. Plant-based drinks (PBDs) made from soya and other legumes have ample protein levels.

Risk Factors for the Development of Early Recurrence in Patients with Primary Retroperitoneal Sarcoma.

Background: Disease recurrence after retroperitoneal sarcoma (RPS) surgery is common, and resection may offer no benefit for patients who experience recurrence early. This study examined the incidence of early recurrence (EREC) in RPS patients, and the association between EREC and prognosis, aiming to identify the factors associated with EREC.

Methods: Patients undergoing surgery for primary RPS from 2008 to 2019 at two tertiary RPS centers were analyzed.

Embedding the Patient-Citizen Perspective into an Operational Framework for the Development and the Introduction of New Technologies in Rehabilitation Care: The Smart&Touch-ID Model.

To date, at least 2.41 billion people with Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) are in need of rehabilitation. Rehabilitation care through innovative technologies is the ideal candidate to reach all people with NCDs in need.

Web-based surveillance of respiratory infection outbreaks: retrospective analysis of Italian COVID-19 epidemic waves using Google Trends.

Introduction: Large-scale diagnostic testing has been proven insufficient to promptly monitor the spread of the Coronavirus disease 2019. Electronic resources may provide better insight into the early detection of epidemics. We aimed to retrospectively explore whether the Google search volume has been useful in detecting Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus outbreaks early compared to the swab-based surveillance system.

An humanized model to study homing and sequestration of transmission stages in the bone marrow.

Introduction: Recent evidence suggests that the bone marrow (BM) plays a key role in the diffusion of malaria by providing a "niche" for the maturation of the parasite gametocytes, responsible for human-to-mosquito transmission. Suitable humanized models to study the mechanisms of the interplay between the parasite and the human BM components are still missing.

Methods: We report a novel experimental system based on the infusion of immature gametocytes into immunocompromised mice carrying chimeric ectopic ossicles whose stromal and bone compartments derive from human osteoprogenitor cells.

Development of a risk score to predict portal vein tumor thrombosis in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: Portal vein tumor thrombosis (PVTT) is a common complication of hepatocellular carcinoma and is one of the most negative prognostic factors. The management of patients with PVTT is challenging. The aim of the study was to develop a score predictive of tumor thrombosis.

Different methods for textural evaluation of freeze-dried candies during storage.

The textural changes during storage of two freeze-dried candies developed from blackcurrant fruits, unflavored yogurt, and different alternative sweeteners, one sweetened with honey/isomalt (HI) and another sweetened with isomalt/stevia (IS), were analyzed using three different methods (instrumental, sensory, and image analysis). Fresh candies were in the supercooled state and presented different structural and textural characteristics (HI: compact and homogeneous, and IS: porous and crunchy), with Fmax values of 139 ± 14 and 174 ± 16 N for HI and IS, respectively. After storage, the instrumental analysis showed approximately 60% average drop in F and W values, in agreement with the decrease observed by sensory analysis in hardness, fracturability, and crispness.

An update on the long-term outcomes of prenatal dexamethasone treatment in congenital adrenal hyperplasia.

First-trimester prenatal treatment with glucocorticoid (GC) dexamethasone (DEX) in pregnancies at risk for classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is associated with ethical dilemmas. Though effective in reducing virilisation in girls with CAH, it entails exposure to high doses of GC in fetuses that do not benefit from the treatment. The current paper provides an update on the literature on outcomes of prenatal DEX treatment in CAH cases and unaffected subjects.

Brain activity during visuospatial working memory in congenital adrenal hyperplasia.

Context: Patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) require life-long replacement of cortisol. Problems with cognitive function, especially working memory, have previously been identified, but the long-term effects of this disease on brain function are unknown.

Objective: We investigate brain activity during working memory in CAH compared to controls.

The health effects of soy: A reference guide for health professionals.

Soy is a hotly debated and widely discussed topic in the field of nutrition. However, health practitioners may be ill-equipped to counsel clients and patients about the use of soyfoods because of the enormous, and often contradictory, amount of research that has been published over the past 30 years. As interest in plant-based diets increases, there will be increased pressure for practitioners to gain a working knowledge of this area.

First Trimester Dexamethasone Treatment Is Not Associated With Alteration in Resting-state Connectivity at Adolescent or Adult Age.

Context: Prenatal treatment with dexamethasone (DEX) has been used to prevent virilization in females at risk of congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH). Both affected and unaffected girls, as well boys, are treated until the genotype and sex of the fetus is known (gestational weeks 10-12). After that, only affected girls are treated until term.