Implementation, delivery, and utilization of iron fortified rice supplied through public distribution system across different states in India: An exploratory mixed-method study.

Food fortification with micronutrients is one of the cost-effective and sustainable methods to prevent micronutrient deficiencies at community level. The rice fortified with iron, folic acid, and vitamin B12 is being supplied through various social welfare schemes in India in a phased manner and planned to cover the entire country by March 2024. We have conducted a situational analysis to assess the rollout of fortified rice supplied through the Public Distribution System (PDS) and to evaluate the accessibility, availability, acceptability, and utilization of fortified rice by the beneficiaries of the PDS.

Overweight/obesity, pre-diabetes, diabetes and its association with hypertension and other factors among rural adults (≥18 years) in India.

Background: Non-communicable diseases are important causes of morbidity and mortality throughout the world.

Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study conducted in 10 Indian states using multi-stage random sampling procedures. Information was collected on socio-economic and demographic particulars, anthropometric measurements such as height, weight and waist circumference, fasting blood glucose and blood pressure was measured.

Regional Variation in the Prevalence of Undernutrition and its Correlates Among Under Five-Year Children in North India.

Background: Undernutrition is an important public health problem affecting one-third of under five-year-old children in India.

Objectives: To assess the nutritional status of under five-year-old children along with child feeding practices.

Materials And Methods: We adopted a systematic sampling procedure to carry out this community-based, cross-sectional study in all the districts of Haryana.

SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in the city of Hyderabad, India in early 2021.

Background: COVID-19 emerged as a global pandemic in 2020, spreading rapidly to most parts of the world. The proportion of infected individuals in a population can be reliably estimated via serosurveillance, making it a valuable tool for planning control measures. Our serosurvey study aimed to investigate SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in the urban population of Hyderabad at the end of the first wave of infections.

Vitamin A Deficiency, Anemia, and Nutritional Status of under 5-Year Children from Northeast India.

Background: Vitamin A deficiency (VAD) and Anemia are important public health nutritional problems in India.

Objective: To assess nutritional status and prevalence and correlates of undernutrition, anemia, and VAD among children.

Materials And Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was carried out adopting systematic random sampling.

Prevalence of overweight/obesity, hypertension and its associated factors among women from Northeast India.

Objective: To assess prevalence of overweight/obesity, hypertension and its risk factors among women from North-eastern States of India.

Methods: A community based cross-sectional study was carried out in two north-eastern States. Information was collected on household's socio-economic & demographic particulars.

Population estimates and determinants of severe maternal thinness in India.

Objective: To examine prevalence, risk factors, and consequences of maternal severe thinness in India.

Methods: This mixed methods study analyzed data from the Indian National Family Health Survey (NFHS)-4 (2015-2016) to estimate the prevalence of and risk factors for severe thinness, followed by a desk review of literature from India.

Results: Prevalence of severe thinness (defined by World Health Organization as body mass index [BMI] <16 in adult and BMI for age Z score < -2 SD in adolescents) was higher among pregnant adolescents (4.

Screening and management options for severe thinness during pregnancy in India.

This paper answers research questions on screening and management of severe thinness in pregnancy, approaches that may potentially work in India, and what more is needed for implementing these approaches at scale. A desk review of studies in the last decade in South Asian countries was carried out collating evidence on six sets of strategies like balanced energy supplementation (BEP) alone and in combination with other interventions like nutrition education. Policies and guidelines from South Asian countries were reviewed to understand the approaches being used.

Subclinical Vitamin A Deficiency and Anemia among Women and Preschool Children from Northeast India.

Background: Micronutrient deficiencies such as iron, Vitamin A, and iodine are important public health problems in India.

Objective: The objective of the study was to assess subclinical Vitamin A deficiency (VAD) and anemia among women and preschool children from Northeast India. Methodology: A community-based cross-sectional study was carried out by adopting systematic sampling in Phek district of Nagaland.

Prolonged consumption of grass pea (64 g/Cu/day) along with millets and other cereals causes no neurolathyrism.

To assess the safe limit of L. sativus (grass pea) consumption along with cereals and millets. A community-based cross-sectional study was undertaken in three districts (Bilaspur, Durg and Raipur) of Chhattisgarh state.

Association between anthropometric-based and food-based nutritional failure among children in India, 2015.

Inadequate dietary intake is a critical underlying determinant of child undernutrition. This study examined the association between anthropometric-based and food-based nutritional failure among children in India. We used the 2015-2016 National Nutrition Monitoring Bureau data where anthropometric outcomes and food intake were both measured for each child.

Infant and young child feeding practices, sociodemographic factors and their association with nutritional status of children aged <3 years in India: findings of the National Nutrition Monitoring Bureau survey, 2011-2012.

Objective: To study infant and young child feeding (IYCF) practices and their association with nutritional status among young children.

Design: A community-based, cross-sectional study was carried out in ten states of India, using a multistage random sampling method. Anthropometric measurements such as length/height and weight were conducted and nutritional assessment was done using the WHO child growth standards.

Current scenario of consumption of Lathyrus sativus and lathyrism in three districts of Chhattisgarh State, India.

Lathyrism is a disease caused by excessive consumption of grass pea, Lathyrus sativus especially under conditions of severe drought. Grass pea contains 3-N-oxalyl-L-2, 3-diaminopropanoic acid (β-ODAP) a putative neurotoxin which acts through excitatory mechanism causing Neurolathyrism. Due to awareness of the disease, availability of food and levels of consumption of L.

Nutritional status, food insecurity, and biodiversity among the Khasi in Meghalaya, North-East India.

A community-based cross-sectional study was carried out with 603 children ages 5 and under and 500 of their mothers from 510 households to examine the prevalence of undernutrition and chronic diseases among the Khasis of North-East India. Anthropometric measurements including Mid-Upper Arm Circumference, height, and weight were taken. Dry blood spots to estimate haemoglobin and vitamin A were collected from children and women separately by finger prick.

Mother and child nutrition among the Chakhesang tribe in the state of Nagaland, North-East India.

Despite the importance of the nutritional status and food systems of Indigenous Peoples, the subject has received very little attention, especially in North-East India. Therefore, a community-based cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out among Chakhesang mothers with children under 5 years of age to evaluate their nutritional status and prevalence of chronic diseases in the context of their dietary habits. From 558 households (HHs), 661 children and 540 mothers were covered using standard anthropometric measurements as well as blood collection for haemoglobin and vitamin A.

Trends in nutrient intakes, nutritional status, and correlates of undernutrition among rural children below 5 years of age: The National Nutrition Monitoring Bureau Survey 2012.

Background: In spite of several national nutrition intervention programs that have been in operation since the past four decades, undernutrition continues to be an important public health problem in India.

Aim: The aim of the present study was to assess the trends in food and nutrient intakes and nutritional status of children in India below 5 years of age.

Setting And Design: A community-based, cross-sectional study was carried out in ten National Nutrition Monitoring Bureau states by adopting a multistage random sampling procedure.

Indigenous and tribal peoples' health (The Lancet-Lowitja Institute Global Collaboration): a population study.

Background: International studies of the health of Indigenous and tribal peoples provide important public health insights. Reliable data are required for the development of policy and health services. Previous studies document poorer outcomes for Indigenous peoples compared with benchmark populations, but have been restricted in their coverage of countries or the range of health indicators.

Regional variation in the prevalence of overweight/obesity, hypertension and diabetes and their correlates among the adult rural population in India.

A community-based, cross-sectional study was carried out in five regions of India by adopting a multistage random sampling procedure. Information was collected from the participants about socio-demographic particulars such as age, sex, occupation, education, etc. Anthropometric measurements such as height, weight and waist and hip circumferences were measured and three measurements of blood pressure were obtained.

Trends in nutritional status and nutrient intakes and correlates of overweight/obesity among rural adult women (≥18-60 years) in India: National Nutrition Monitoring Bureau (NNMB) national surveys.

Objective: To assess trends in nutrient intakes and nutritional status of rural adult women (≥18-60 years) and the association of sociodemographic characteristics with overweight/obesity.

Design: Community-based cross-sectional studies carried out during 1975-79 to 2011-12 by the National Nutrition Monitoring Bureau (NNMB) were used. Anthropometric measurements such as height, weight and waist circumference, carried out during the surveys, were used.

Socio-economic & demographic determinants of hypertension & knowledge, practices & risk behaviour of tribals in India.

Background & Objectives: An increase in prevalence of hypertension has been observed in all ethnic groups in India. The objective of the present study was to estimate prevalence and determinants of hypertension among tribals and their awareness, treatment practices and risk behaviours in nine States of India.

Methods: A community based cross-sectional study adopting multistage random sampling procedure was carried out.

Influence of feeding practices and associated factors on the nutritional status of infants in rural areas of Madhya Pradesh state, India.

A community based cross-sectional study was undertaken in rural Madhya Pradesh (MP). The nutritional status of infants was assessed using WHO Child Growth Standards. Only 26% of infants received breast-feeding within 1 hour of birth.

Prevalence of hypertension, its correlates and awareness among adult tribal population of Kerala state, India.

Background: Increasing prevalence of hypertension is a public health problem in India.

Aims: To study prevalence, correlates, and awareness of hypertension among tribal adult population in Kerala.

Setting And Design: A community-based, cross-sectional study was carried out in tribal areas of Kerala by adopting multistage random sampling procedure.

Impact of feeding and breastfeeding practices on the nutritional status of infants in a district of Andhra Pradesh, India.

Background: Infant feeding practices have a major role in determining the nutritional status of children and are associated with household socioeconomic and demographic factors. We did a cross-sectional household study to assess feeding practices of infants and young children in rural areas of Medak district, Andhra Pradesh.

Methods: A total of 805 child-mother pairs were included using systematic random sampling.

Trends in the prevalence of undernutrition, nutrient and food intake and predictors of undernutrition among under five year tribal children in India.

Undernutrition among children under five year is a significant public health problem in India. The present study was carried out to assess trends in nutritional status, nutrient and food intake among children under five year over two time periods. It was a community-based cross-sectional study, carried out in tribal areas of India.

Prevalence of undernutrition, its determinants, and seasonal variation among tribal preschool children of Odisha state, India.

A community-based cross-sectional study was undertaken in the tribal areas of Odisha state, India, covering 1951 preschool children to assess their nutritional status in terms of underweight, stunting, and wasting; its correlates; and seasonal variation in nutritional status. χ(2) Test, one-way analysis of variance, and unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios were used for data analysis. The prevalence of underweight, stunting, and wasting was 58%, 65%, and 20%, respectively.