Black carbon and particle lung-deposited surface area in residential wood combustion emissions: Effects of an electrostatic precipitator and photochemical aging.

Residential wood combustion (RWC) remains a significant global source of particulate matter (PM) emissions with adverse impacts on regional air quality, climate, and human health. The lung-deposited surface area (LDSA) and equivalent black carbon (eBC) concentrations have emerged as important metrics to assess particulate pollution. In this study we estimated combustion phase-dependent emission factors of LDSA for alveolar, tracheobronchial, and head-airway regions of human lungs and explored the relationships between eBC and LDSA in fresh and photochemically aged RWC emissions.

Generation, characterization, and toxicological assessment of reference ultrafine soot particles with different organic content for inhalation toxicological studies.

Ultrafine particles (UFP) are the smallest atmospheric particulate matter linked to air pollution-related diseases. The extent to which UFP's physical and chemical properties contribute to its toxicity remains unclear. It is hypothesized that UFP act as carriers for chemicals that drive biological responses.

Oxalic acid-assisted preparation of LTO-carbon composite anode material for lithium-ion batteries.

This study presents an oxalic acid-assisted method for synthesizing spinel-structured lithium titanate (LiTiO; LTO)/carbon composite materials. The Ag-doped LTO nanoparticles (NPs) are synthesized via flame spray pyrolysis (FSP). The synthesized material is used as a precursor for synthesizing the LTO-NP/C composite material with chitosan as a carbon source and oxalic acid as an additive.

Photochemical Aging Induces Changes in the Effective Densities, Morphologies, and Optical Properties of Combustion Aerosol Particles.

Effective density (ρ) is an important property describing particle transportation in the atmosphere and in the human respiratory tract. In this study, the particle size dependency of ρ was determined for fresh and photochemically aged particles from residential combustion of wood logs and brown coal, as well as from an aerosol standard (CAST) burner. ρ increased considerably due to photochemical aging, especially for soot agglomerates larger than 100 nm in mobility diameter.

Aerosol processing technique for the synthesis of mixed-phase copper on carbon catalyst: insights into COadsorption and photocatalytic activity.

In this study, spray pyrolysis; an aerosol processing technique was utilized to produce a mixed-phase copper on carbon (Cu/CuO@C) catalyst. The catalyst production was performed via chemical reduction of copper nitrate by a reducing sugar, i.e.

Effect of Atmospheric Aging on Soot Particle Toxicity in Lung Cell Models at the Air-Liquid Interface: Differential Toxicological Impacts of Biogenic and Anthropogenic Secondary Organic Aerosols (SOAs).

Background: Secondary organic aerosols (SOAs) formed from anthropogenic or biogenic gaseous precursors in the atmosphere substantially contribute to the ambient fine particulate matter [PM in aerodynamic diameter ()] burden, which has been associated with adverse human health effects. However, there is only limited evidence on their differential toxicological impact.

Objectives: We aimed to discriminate toxicological effects of aerosols generated by atmospheric aging on combustion soot particles (SPs) of gaseous biogenic () or anthropogenic (naphthalene) precursors in two different lung cell models exposed at the air-liquid interface (ALI).

Influence of induction-annealing temperature on the morphology of barley-straw-derived Si@C and SiC@graphite for potential application in Li-ion batteries.

Silicon, a material with high theoretical energy density, holds great promise as a candidate material for anodes in lithium-ion batteries. However, due to an alloying mechanism the material undergoes volume expansion of up to 300%, which results in rapid capacity fading. The coating of silicon with carbon is done by using a biomass-based carbon precursor.

Spray deposition and characterization of carbon nanoflower and gold-doped carbon nanoflower thin films.

Herein, we present an aerosol filtration method for the fabrication of carbon nanoflower (CNF) thin films. The method was based on generation, evaporation and filtration of solvent encapsulated CNF droplets. The particles were collected on polytetrafluoroethylene membranes and roll-transferred at room temperature onto flexible polyethylene terephthalate substrates.

Nano-sized zinc oxide and silver, but not titanium dioxide, induce innate and adaptive immunity and antiviral response in differentiated THP-1 cells.

Nano-sized metal oxides are currently the most manufactured nanomaterials (NMs), and are increasingly used in consumer products. Recent exposure data reveal a genuine potential for adverse health outcomes for a vast array of NMs, however the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. To elucidate size-related molecular effects, differentiated THP-1 cells were exposed to nano-sized materials (n-TiO n-ZnO and n-Ag), or their bulk-sized (b-ZnO and b-TiO) or ionic (i-Ag) counterparts, and genome-wide gene expression changes were studied at low-toxic concentrations (<15% cytotoxicity).