The WHO-5 well-being questionnaire in type 1 diabetes: screening for depression in pediatric and young adult subjects.

Objectives: To evaluate the WHO-5 tool in pediatric and young adult subjects with type 1 diabetes, and to analyse associations with demographic/psychological characteristics.

Methods: We included 944 patients with type 1 diabetes 9-25 years of age, documented in the Diabetes Patient Follow-up Registry between 2018 and 2021. We used ROC curve analysis to determine optimal cut-off values for the WHO-5 scores to predict psychiatric comorbidity (ICD-10-diagnoses) and analysed associations with obesity, HbA, therapy regimen, and lifestyle via logistic regression.

Global genetics and invasion history of the potato powdery scab pathogen, Spongospora subterranea f.sp. subterranea.

Spongospora subterranea f. sp. subterranea (Sss) causes two diseases on potato (Solanum tuberosum), lesions on tubers and galls on roots, which are economically important worldwide.

Clinical characteristics of children with viral single- and co-infections and a petechial rash.

Background: Children with petechial rash are more likely to undergo invasive diagnostics, to be treated with antibiotics for potential bacterial infection and to be hospitalized. However, viruses have also been associated with petechial rash. Nonetheless, a systematic analysis of viral infections with modern available techniques as quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction in the context of petechial rash is lacking.

First Confirmed Report of Powdery Scab Caused by Spongospora subterranea f. sp. subterranea on Potato in Sri Lanka.

White, wart-like outgrowths on roots and stolons - root galls - and blisters and pustules on tubers (lesions) are characteristic symptoms of the potato powdery scab disease caused by Spongospora subterranea (Wallr.) f. sp.

Incidence, Distribution, and Association of Spongospora subterranea and Potato mop-top virus in Costa Rica.

A survey was conducted in 39 potato (Solanum tuberosum) fields in Costa Rica to determine incidence and association of Spongospora subterranea f. sp. subterranea and Potato mop-top pomovirus (PMTV).

Are recurrent hyperglycemic episodes and median blood glucose level a prognostic factor for increased morbidity and mortality in premature infants

Background: Tight blood glucose control with intravenous insulin reduces morbidity and mortality in adult surgical intensive care patients. This has never been investigated in premature infants weighing 150 mg/dL and median blood glucose levels in the first week of life on one hand, and morbidity and mortality in premature infants weighing View Article and Find Full Text PDF

[Depression of respiration via toxic effects on the central nervous system following use of topical brimonidine in an infant with congenital glaucoma].

We report the case of a premature newborn (gestational age 33 weeks) with congenital glaucoma. After a trabeculotomy high intraocular pressure persisted, leading to adjuvant treatment with timolol and--when the infant was 3 weeks old--with brimonidine. After the first application of topical brimonidine the infant developed such severe apnoeic spells that intubation and temporary ventilation were necessary.

Intrathecal synthesis of anti-viral antibodies in pediatric patients.

Introduction: Detection of intrathecal synthesis of specific antibodies (antibody index (AI)) is an established method to prove cerebral viral infection. Experience on its clinical application in large patient groups, however, is sparse.

Methods: Retrospective analysis of pediatric patients with positive viral AI treated at RWTH Aachen University Hospital between 1999 and 2005.

Three new cases of congenital agenesis of the trachea.

Congenital absence of the trachea is a rare anomaly that might confront the obstetrician or neonatologist with an unexpected emergency. These patients present with cyanosis, severe respiratory distress, insufficient gas exchange, absence of audible crying and difficult or impossible endotracheal intubation. In more than 90% it is associated with further congenital malformations.

Variation for neutral markers is correlated with variation for quantitative traits in the plant pathogenic fungus Mycosphaerella graminicola.

We compared genetic variation and population differentiation at RFLP marker loci with seven quantitative characters including fungicide resistance, temperature sensitivity, pycnidial size, pycnidial density, colony size, percentage of leaves covered by pycnidia (PLACP) and percentage of leaves covered by lesions (PLACL) in Mycosphaerella graminicola populations sampled from four regions. Wide variation in population differentiation was found across the quantitative traits assayed. Fungicide resistance, temperature sensitivity, and PLACP displayed a significantly higher Q(ST) than G(ST), consistent with selection for local adaptation, while pycnidial size, pycnidial density and colony size displayed a lower or significantly lower Q(ST) than G(ST), consistent with constraining selection.

Long-term outcome after neonatal parenchymatous brain lesions.

Background: Although considered of high prognostic impact, knowledge on the long-term outcome after neonatal parenchymatous brain lesions (PBL) is limited.

Patients: 29 children with either unilateral (n = 19) or bilateral (n = 10) hemorrhagic/ischemic PBL.

Methods: The patients were reinvestigated at 9 9/12 +/- 3 4/12 years of age, using a standardized clinical investigation, the Beery-Buktenica Scales of Visuomotor Integration (VMI) and the Bruininks-Oseretzky Test of Motor Proficiency (BOT).

Early treatment with erythropoietin beta ameliorates anemia and reduces transfusion requirements in infants with birth weights below 1000 g.

Objective: To investigate whether recombinant erythropoietin (rhEPO) reduces the need for transfusion in extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants (birth weight 500-999 g) and to determine the optimal time for treatment.

Methods: In a blinded multicenter trial, 219 ELBW infants were randomized on day 3 to one of 3 groups: early rhEPO group (rhEPO from the first week for 9 weeks, n = 74), late rhEPO group (rhEPO from the fourth week for 6 weeks, n = 74), or control group (no rhEPO, n = 71). All infants received enteral iron (3-9 mg/kg/day) from the first week.

Functional upper airway obstruction in a child with Freeman-Sheldon syndrome.

Freeman-Sheldon syndrome is defined as a combination of microstomia, deep set eyes, small palpebral fissures, arthrogryposis with ulnar deviation of the hand, talipes equinovarus and generalized muscular hypertension. Respiratory and swallowing problems are frequently encountered in these patients due to small orifices of mouth and nose. Obstruction of the upper airway tract resulting in tracheostomy has only been described twice.

Partial liquid ventilation reduces release of leukotriene B4 and interleukin-6 in bronchoalveolar lavage in surfactant-depleted newborn pigs.

Perfluorocarbons have been shown to reduce the inflammatory process generated by alveolar macrophages in vitro. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of different ventilator modalities such as partial liquid ventilation (PLV), conventional ventilation (CV), and high-frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV) on the release of inflammatory mediators in vivo. Acute lung injury was induced in 30 male piglets by repeated saline lavage (arterial oxygen tension, <60 mm Hg; fraction of inspired oxygen, 1.

Effects of single and multiple doses of perfluorocarbon in comparison with continuous partial liquid ventilation on gas exchange and lung pathology in newborn surfactant-depleted pigs.

Objective: To compare the efficacy of single, multiple, and continuous application of perfluorocarbon (PFC) FC-77 on gas exchange and lung pathology in a prolonged 24-hr study.

Design: Controlled animal trial.

Setting: Research laboratory in a university setting.

Effects of prolonged partial liquid ventilation, high frequency ventilation and conventional ventilation on gas exchange and lung pathology in newborn surfactant-depleted piglets.

Partial liquid ventilation (PLV) improves oxygenation in various animal models of respiratory insufficiency. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of conventional ventilation (CV), high frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV), and PLV combined with CV or HFOV on gas exchange and histopathology. Thirty anaesthetised newborn piglets (mean weight 1.

Partial liquid ventilation with surfactant: effects on gas exchange and lung pathology in surfactant-depleted piglets.

Objective: To evaluate the effects of 24 h partial liquid ventilation (PLV) with and without surfactant (S) treatment on gas exchange and lung injury in a newborn animal model of S deficiency.

Design: A prospective, controlled, in vivo animal laboratory study.

Setting: Research laboratory in a university setting.

[Prevention of neonatal anemia with recombinant human erythropoietin: a cost-benefit analysis].

A few years ago recombinant human erythropoietin (rh-EPO) has been introduced for the prophylaxis of anaemia of prematurity. Aim of this controlled study was a cost-effectiveness analysis of the prophylaxis with rh-EPO versus sole transfusion with packed red blood cells. In the study group 33 infants (gestational age 30 +/- 2 weeks, birthweight 1217 g +/- 244 g) were treated with rh-EPO beginning on the fifth day of life for a six week period.

[Fiberoptic measurement of arterial oxygen saturation in premature and term neonates].

Background: Non-invasive oxygen monitoring with pulse oximetry or transcutaneous monitoring has gained widespread use in neonatology. Different factors like arterial hypotension, peripheral vasoconstriction and edema adversely affect the accuracy of both methods. To ensure reliable monitoring of oxygen saturation in critically ill patients we measured oxygen saturation with a fiberoptic catheter via umbilical artery.

[Combination therapy of high frequency oscillatory ventilation, NO inhalation and surfactant replacement in a child with acute respiratory distress syndrome].

We report about a child with severe ARDS after burning trauma who did not respond to conventional treatment with controlled pressure ventilation under conditions of permissive hypercapnia and changing of the infants's body position. A combined treatment with high frequency oscillatory ventilation, inhalation of nitric oxide and surfactant replacement improved the pulmonary status. Twelve days after the accident the boy could be extubated and 5 weeks later he could be discharged without any pulmonary and neurologic handicap.

The clinical outcome after inferior vena cava thrombosis in early infancy.

Unlabelled: The clinical outcome after inferior vena cava thrombosis in early infancy is unknown. We report the clinical long-term follow-up of 12 patients presenting inferior vena cava thrombosis within their first months of life (gestational age: 24-41 weeks; follow-up: 7+/-3 years). Accompanying renal venous thrombosis occurred in 9, and adrenal bleeding in 4 patients.

Early versus late dexamethasone treatment in preterm infants at risk for chronic lung disease: a randomized pilot study.

Unlabelled: Abstract The purpose of this controlled, prospective pilot study was to compare the short-and long-term efficacy of early versus late treatment with dexamethasone (Dex) in preterm infants at risk for chronic lung disease (CLD). Thirty ventilated premature infants with a birth weight < or = 1250 g were randomized to receive Dex either from day 7 or from day 14. Dex was administered over 16 days tapering from 0.