Clinical and histopathological findings in Bannayan-Riley-Ruvalcaba syndrome.

Bannayan-Riley-Ruvalcaba syndrome is a rare autosomal dominant genodermatosis with the classical triad of macrocephaly, genital lentiginosis, and intestinal polyposis. Characteristic mucocutaneous manifestations include vascular malformations, lipomatosis, speckled lentiginosis of the penis or vulva, facial verrucae-like or acanthosis nigricans-like lesions, and multiple acrochordons of the neck, axilla, and groin. We present a case of Bannayan-Riley-Ruvalcaba syndrome with macrocephaly, abnormal facies, lipoma, tender and painful arteriovenous hemangiomas, lymphangiokeratomas, musculoskeletal abnormalities, and localized myopathy.

Transient intrauterine hypotension causes apoptosis in fetal rat brain and affects learning.

Hypotensive episodes are frequent during pregnancy, and their functional effect on fetal brain has not been studied. We produced systemic hypotension for 30 min during mid-gestation in pregnant rats and examined their offspring on postnatal days 1 and 28. When compared with sham controls, the brain of the hypotensive group contained more TUNEL-positive cells in the hippocampal and periventricular regions on both time points.