The effects of Augmented Reality on operator Situation Awareness and Head-Down Time.

A lack of navigator's Situation Awareness (SA) is one of the leading causes of maritime accidents. Visually observing the area surrounding a vessel continues to be a critical aspect and best practice of safe navigation to establish and maintain SA. Augmented Reality (AR) allows the placement of information in a user's field of view, which can encourage navigators to spend more time looking up at their external environment whilst still having access to operational data.

Seroprevalence survey of SARS-CoV-2, community behaviors, and practices in Kansanshi and Kalumbila mining towns.

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (SARS-CoV-2) was declared a global pandemic by WHO after it spreads quickly around the world from its source city in Wuhan. Africa has some of the lowest documented SARS-CoV-2 incidences globally, with over 9 million confirmed cases as of December 2022. This may be due to efficient mitigation, outbreak response, or demographic traits.

Systemic Mastocytosis Imitating Eosinophilic Enterocolitis.

Eosinophilic gastrointestinal disorders produce gastrointestinal dysfunction as eosinophils accumulate throughout gastrointestinal tissues. The majority of eosinophilic gastrointestinal disorders are a diagnosis of exclusion, and a magnitude of differentials must be considered. A history of anaphylaxis raises the suspicion that systemic mastocytosis (SM) is the foremost differential to be considered.

Agent Transparency, Situation Awareness, Mental Workload, and Operator Performance: A Systematic Literature Review.

Objective: In this review, we investigate the relationship between agent transparency, Situation Awareness, mental workload, and operator performance for safety critical domains.

Background: The advancement of highly sophisticated automation across safety critical domains poses a challenge for effective human oversight. Automation transparency is a design principle that could support humans by making the automation's inner workings observable (i.

Exploring Primary Care Non-Attendance: A Study of Low-Income Patients.

Introduction: While evidence has been established on the impact of medical appointment non-attendance on the healthcare system and patient health, previous research has not focused on how poverty and rurality may influence patient experiences with non-attendance. This paper explores patient perceptions of non-attendance among those experiencing poverty in a rural U.S county to better inform providers to the context in which their patients make attendance-related decisions.

qtlXplorer: an online systems genetics browser in the Eucalyptus Genome Integrative Explorer (EucGenIE).

Background: Affordable high-throughput DNA and RNA sequencing technologies are allowing genomic analysis of plant and animal populations and as a result empowering new systems genetics approaches to study complex traits. The availability of intuitive tools to browse and analyze the resulting large-scale genetic and genomic datasets remain a significant challenge. Furthermore, these integrative genomics approaches require innovative methods to dissect the flow and interconnectedness of biological information underlying complex trait variation.

Integrated analysis and transcript abundance modelling of H3K4me3 and H3K27me3 in developing secondary xylem.

Despite the considerable contribution of xylem development (xylogenesis) to plant biomass accumulation, its epigenetic regulation is poorly understood. Furthermore, the relative contributions of histone modifications to transcriptional regulation is not well studied in plants. We investigated the biological relevance of H3K4me3 and H3K27me3 in secondary xylem development using ChIP-seq and their association with transcript levels among other histone modifications in woody and herbaceous models.

Genomewide analysis of the lateral organ boundaries domain gene family in Eucalyptus grandis reveals members that differentially impact secondary growth.

Lateral Organ Boundaries Domain (LBD) proteins are plant-specific transcription factors playing crucial roles in growth and development. However, the function of LBD proteins in Eucalyptus grandis remains largely unexplored. In this study, LBD genes in E.

The genome of Eucalyptus grandis.

Eucalypts are the world's most widely planted hardwood trees. Their outstanding diversity, adaptability and growth have made them a global renewable resource of fibre and energy. We sequenced and assembled >94% of the 640-megabase genome of Eucalyptus grandis.

Implications of dengue outbreaks for blood supply, Australia.

Dengue outbreaks have increased in size and frequency in Australia, and transfusion-transmitted dengue poses a risk to transfusion safety. Using whole blood samples collected during the large 2008-2009 dengue epidemic, we estimated the risk for a dengue-infectious blood donation as ≈1 in 7,146 (range 2,218-50,021).

Dicaesium diaqua-bis-(methyl-ene-diphospho-nato-κO,O')cobaltate(II).

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, Cs(2)[Co(CH(4)O(6)P(2))(2)(H(2)O)(2)], is comprised of one bidentate methyl-enediphospho-nate ligand and one water mol-ecule which are coordinated to the Co(II) atom, as well as a caesium counter-cation. The Co atom occupies a special position on a crystallographic inversion center. The caesium ion is octa-hedrally coordinated by six O atoms with Cs-O distances ranging from 3.

Disodium diaqua-bis-(methyl-enedi-phos-pho-nato-κO,O')cobaltate(II) dihydrate.

In the title compound, Na(2)[Co(CH(4)O(6)P(2))(2)(H(2)O)(2)]·2H(2)O, the asymmetric unit is composed of one methyl-enediphospho-nate ligand and one water mol-ecule, which both are coordinated to a Co(II) atom, as well as a non-coordinated water mol-ecule and a sodium cation. The Co(II) atom occupies a special position on a crystallographic inversion centre. The slightly distorted Co(II)O(6) octa-hedral coordination environment is composed of two bidentate methyl-enediphospho-nate ligands and two coordinated water mol-ecules in trans positions.

Birth outcomes in South African women receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy: a retrospective observational study.

Background: Use of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), a triple-drug combination, in HIV-infected pregnant women markedly reduces mother to child transmission of HIV and decreases maternal morbidity. However, there remains uncertainty about the effects of in utero exposure to HAART on foetal development.

Methods: Our objectives were to investigate whether in utero exposure to HAART is associated with low birth weight and/or preterm birth in a population of South African women with advanced HIV disease.

Effects of highly active antiretroviral therapy duration and regimen on risk for mother-to-child transmission of HIV in Johannesburg, South Africa.

Background: Limited information exists about effects of different highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) regimens and duration of regimens on mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV among women in Africa who start treatment for advanced immunosuppression.

Methods: Between January 2004 to August 2008, 1142 women were followed at antenatal antiretroviral clinics in Johannesburg. Predictors of MTCT (positive infant HIV DNA polymerase chain reaction at 4-6 weeks) were assessed with multivariate logistic regression.

Pyridinium diaqua-bis-(methyl-enediphospho-nato-κO,O')chromate(III) tetra-hydrate.

In the title complex, (C(5)H(6)N)[Cr(CH(4)O(6)P(2))(2)(H(2)O)(2)]·4H(2)O, the Cr(III) atom, lying on an inversion centre, is coordinated by two bidentate methyl-ene diphospho-nate ligands and two water molecules in a distorted octa-hedral coordination geometry. The pyridinium cation is located on an inversion centre, with an N atom and a C atom sharing a position each at a half occupancy. A three-dimensional network is constructed by O-H⋯O, N-H⋯O and C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds between the pyridin-ium cation, complex anion and uncoordinated water mol-ecules.

Dipotassium diaqua-bis(methyl-enedi-phospho-nato-κO,O')cobaltate(II).

In the title complex, K(2)[Co(CH(4)O(6)P(2))(2)(H(2)O)(2)], the asymmetric unit contains two K(+) cations and two half-anions in which the Co atoms lie on inversion centers. The Co(II) ions assume an octa-hedral CoO(6) coordination geometry. In the crystal, a three-dimensional network is formed through O-H⋯O hydrogen-bond inter-actions as well as inter-molecular inter-actions between the K(+) cations and neighbouring O atoms.

Diammonium diaqua-bis(methyl-enediphospho-nato-κO,O')cobaltate(II).

In the salt, (NH(4))(2)[Co(CH(4)O(6)P(2))(2)(H(2)O)(2)], the methyl-ene-diphospho-nate acts as a bidentate ligand and the Co(II) ion (site symmetry ) assumes an octa-hedral CoO(6) coordination geometry. The acid H atom of the ligand is distributed over two O atoms. In the crystal, a three-dimensional network is formed through O-H⋯O and N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds between the cations and anions.

Integration of antiretroviral treatment within antenatal care in Gauteng Province, South Africa.

Background: Antenatal clinics are a key entry point into HIV treatment and care, together with interventions to reduce mother-to-child transmission (MTCT). Further evaluation is needed of interventions linking antenatal with antiretroviral (ARV) treatment services and effectiveness of triple-ARV regimens for reducing MTCT in resource-constrained settings.

Methods: Data were gathered from HIV-infected women attending antenatal care from June 2004 to July 2005 at Coronation Women and Children Hospital, South Africa.

Biological activities of the shrub Salsola tuberculatiformis Botsch.: contraceptive or stress alleviator?

Plants belonging to the genus Salsola (Family: Chenopodiaceae) are common in the arid and semiarid regions of our planet with no less than 69 different Salsola species found in Namibia and the Republic of South Africa. This genus is used as a traditional medicine and aqueous extracts of Salsola have been used by Bushmen women as an oral contraceptive. Ingestion of the Namibian shrub Salsola tuberculatiformis Botsch.

Mechanism for the stabilization in vivo of the aziridine precursor --(4-acetoxyphenyl)-2-chloro-N-methyl-ethylammonium chloride by serum proteins.

Oral and intraperitoneal administration of 2-(4-acetoxyphenyl)-2-chloro-N-methyl-ethylammonium chloride (Compound A), an analogue of phenyl aziridine precursors that occur in the shrub Salsola tuberculatiformis Botsch, had a contraceptive effect on female Wistar rats with a concomitant decrease in total body, uterus, and every mass and an increase in abronal mass. Compound A elicited a Type II difference spectrum and inhibited the Type I deoxycorticosterone (DOC) induced difference spectrum of sheep adrenal cytochrome P450c11 in a manner similar to that of S2, a biologically active fraction isolated from S. tuberculatiformis.

Expression of human P450c17 as an export protein in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Cytochrome P450c17 (P450c17), together with cytochrome P450c21 (P450c21), plays an important role in progesterone metabolism in the mammalian adrenal cortex. Low levels of expression and the presence of other steroidogenic enzymes in adrenal cortex endoplasmic reticulum (ER) impedes purification and characterisation of wild type as well as mutant forms of the hemoprotein. Heterologous gene expression systems have previously been used successfully to express active P450c17.

Inhibition of cytochrome P-450(11)beta by some naturally occurring acetophenones and plant extracts from the shrub Salsola tuberculatiformis.

Ingestion of the Namibian shrub Salsola tuberculatiformis Botsch. by virgin female rats extends the dioestrus period of their oestrous cycles. Methanol extracts of the plant also inhibit adrenal steroidogenesis in the rat.