Bacteria-powered self-healing concrete: Breakthroughs, challenges, and future prospects.

Unlabelled: In a world where concrete structures face constant degradation from environmental forces, a revolutionary solution has emerged: bio-self-healing concrete. This innovation involves embedding dormant bacteria within the concrete mix, poised to spring into action when cracks form. As moisture seeps into the cracks, these bacterial agents are activated, consuming nutrients and converting them into calcium carbonate, a natural substance that fills and repairs the fractures, restoring the material's integrity.

Geraniol Ameliorates Pentylenetetrazol-Induced Epilepsy, Neuroinflammation, and Oxidative Stress via Modulating the GABAergic Tract: In vitro and in vivo studies.

Introduction: Geraniol (Ger), a monoterpene, is a common constituent of several essential oils. This study explored the anticonvulsant effect of Ger in-vitro using nerve growth factor (NGF) prompted PC12 cell injured by Glutamate (Glu) and in-vivo using Pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced kindling through the GABAergic pathway.

Materials: To assess the effect of Ger on NGF prompted PC12 cells injured by Glu, Ger at concentrations of 25, 50, 100, 200 and 400 μg/mL was used.

Ameliorative effects of vanillin against pentylenetetrazole-induced epilepsy and associated memory loss in mice: The role of Nrf2/HO-1/NQO1 and HMGB1/RAGE/TLR4/NFκB pathways.

Background: Epilepsy is a severe neurological disorder associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. Vanillin (Van) is a natural phenolic aldehyde with beneficial pharmacological properties. This study investigated the neuroprotective effects of Van in epilepsy and elucidated its mechanism of action.

Zingiber officinale rhizome extracts mediated ni nanoparticles and its promising biomedical and environmental applications.

Background: Zingiber officinale, generally known as ginger, contains bioactive phytochemicals, including gingerols and shogaols, that may function as reducing agents and stabilizers for the formation of nickel nanoparticles (Ni-NPs). Ginger extract-mediated nickel nanoparticles were synthesized using an eco-friendly method, and their antibacterial, antioxidant, antiparasitic, antidiabetic, anticancer, dye degrading, and biocompatibility properties were investigated.

Methods: UV-visible spectroscopy, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy were used to validate and characterize the synthesis of Ni-NPs.

Multifunctional -Mediated Barium Oxide Nanoparticles (BaONPs): Synthesis and Applications.

This research aims to biosynthesize Barium oxide nanoparticles (BaONPs) for biomedical applications, using as a stabilizing and reducing agent. UV-visible spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), energy-dispersive X-ray, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to physiochemically characterize the barium oxide nanoparticles, while antibacterial, minimum inhibitory concentration, antifungal, free radicle scavenging, and anti-inflammatory assay were performed to assess the therapeutic potential of the synthesized BaONPs. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy revealed bands at 615 and 692 cm that corresponded to the formation of BaONPs.

Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Activity of -Mediated Calcium Oxide (CaONPs) Phyto-Nanoparticles.

The significance of nanomaterials in biomedicines served as the inspiration for the design of this study. In this particular investigation, we carried out the biosynthesis of calcium oxide nanoparticles (CaONPs) by employing a green-chemistry strategy and making use of an extract of (an edible fruit) as a capping and reducing agent. There is a dire need for new antimicrobial agents due to the alarming rise in antibiotic resistance.

Identification of Novel Cyclooxygenase-1 Selective Inhibitors of Thiadiazole-Based Scaffold as Potent Anti-Inflammatory Agents with Safety Gastric and Cytotoxic Profile.

Major obstacles faced by the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) are their gastrointestinal toxicity induced by non-selective inhibition of both cyclooxygenases (COX) 1 and 2 and their cardiotoxicity associated with a certain class of COX-2 selective inhibitors. Recent studies have demonstrated that selective COX-1 and COX-2 inhibition generates compounds with no gastric damage. The aim of the current study is to develop novel anti-inflammatory agents with a better gastric profile.

Development and Optimization of Nanoemulsion Loaded with Pioglitazone for Hypoglycemic Effect.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder associated with an increased blood glucose level. The world health burden of DM has increased as a result of numerous causes that necessitates suitable treatment. Pioglitazone (PGZ) is a generally prescribed medication for managing type II diabetes.

Hypolipidemic Activity of Olive Oil-Based Nanostructured Lipid Carrier Containing Atorvastatin.

Currently, hyperlipidemia is a growing health issue that is considered a risk factor for obesity. Controlling body weight and modifying life style in most of cases are not adequate and the condition requires medical treatment. Statin drugs (mainly Atorvastatin (ATO)), have been used broadly and for long time as medications for handling higher levels of lipid, especially bad cholesterol, which accordingly controls the prevalence of obesity.

Novel Formulation of Fusidic Acid Incorporated into a Myrrh-Oil-Based Nanoemulgel for the Enhancement of Skin Bacterial Infection Treatment.

Fusidic acid (FA) is renowned as an effective bacteriostatic agent obtained from the fungus Fusidium coccineum, used for treating various eye and skin disorders. The objective of the present study was to develop, characterize, and evaluate the antibacterial activity of a novel FA nanoemulgel for topical skin application. Primarily, various fusidic acid nanoemulsion formulations were fabricated using different concentrations of myrrh essential oil, Tween 80 as a surfactant, and Transcutol® P as a co-surfactant.

Structural investigation by tandem mass spectrometry analysis of a heterogeneous mixture of Lipid A isolated from the lipopolysaccharide of Aeromonas hydrophila SJ-55Ra.

Rationale: We report herein the electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) negative ion mode and low-energy collision-induced dissociation tandem mass spectrometry (CID-MS/MS) analysis of a mixture of lipid A isolated from the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of a rough-resistant wild strain of the Gram-negative bacteria Aeromonas hydrophila grown in the presence of phages (SJ-55Ra). This investigation indicates that the presence of a mixture of lipid A acylated disaccharides, whose molecular structures were not relatively conserved, resulted from the incomplete LPS biosynthesis caused by the phage treatment.

Methods: The heterogeneous lipid A mixture from the LPS-SJ55Ra was obtained following growth of the Gram-negative bacteria Aeromonas hydrophila (SJ-55R) in the presence of phages and isolation by the aqueous phenol method.

Tandem mass spectrometry determination of the putative structure of a heterogeneous mixture of Lipid As isolated from the lipopolysaccharide of the Gram-negative bacteria Aeromonas liquefaciens SJ-19a.

Rationale: We report herein the electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) and low-energy collision-induced dissociation tandem mass spectrometry analysis (CID-MS/MS) of a mixture of lipid As isolated from the rough lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of the mutant wild strain of the Gram-negative bacteria Aeromonas liquefaciens (SJ-19a, resistant) grown in the presence of phages. The interaction between the phages and the Gram-negative bacteria regulates host specificity and the heterogeneity of the lipid A component of the LPS.

Methods: The heterogeneous mixture of lipid As was isolated by the aqueous phenol method from the LPS of the rough wild strain of Gram-negative bacteria Aeromonas liquefaciens (SJ-19a).