Buccinator synkinesis treated by botulinum toxin in facial palsy and hemifacial spasms.

Objective: To assess botulinum toxin treatment for buccinator muscle synkinesis including: how often the synkinesis was troublesome; who benefitted and how from the treatment; and what were the adverse effects, ideal dosage, and injection site.

Subjects And Methods: Facial palsy (FP) patients and patients with hemifacial spasms who were attending for multiple site botulinum-toxin treatment for facial sequelae were assessed for buccinator synkinesis. The study group comprises those experiencing buccinator synkinesis with associated bothering symptoms who were willing to try injection also to the buccinator muscle.

Facial palsy in children: long-term outcome assessed face-to-face and follow-up revealing high recurrence rate.

Purpose: To evaluate the long-term (minimum of 2 years from the palsy onset) outcome of pediatric facial palsy by patient questionnaire and face-to-face assessment by the Sunnybrook facial grading system, House-Brackmann grading system, and Facial Nerve Grading System 2.0. To compare the outcome results of self-assessment with the face-to-face assessment.

Monopolar tonsillotomy versus cold dissection tonsillectomy in children: Prospective study on postoperative recovery.

Objectives: To compare postoperative self-reported recovery results with monopolar tonsillotomy and cold dissection tonsillectomy in children. To evaluate the feasibility of the monopolar technique in tonsillotomy.

Methods: Children <12 years undergoing tonsillotomy or tonsillectomy between April 2018 and March 2020 who (with a caregiver) were willing to participate in a two-week follow-up formed the study group.

Ramsay Hunt syndrome: long-term facial palsy outcome assessed face-to-face by three different grading scales and compared to patient self-assessment.

Purpose: To determine the long-term facial palsy outcome of Ramsay Hunt Syndrome by face-to-face grading by House-Brackmann Grading System, Facial Nerve Grading System 2.0, and Sunnybrook Facial Grading System concomitantly. To compare the applicability of the grading scales.

Ramsay Hunt syndrome: characteristics and patient self-assessed long-term facial palsy outcome.

Purpose: To explore the characteristics, medical treatments, and long-term facial palsy outcome in Ramsay Hunt syndrome.

Methods: Patient questionnaire including self-assessment of long-term facial palsy outcome and retrospective chart review. Initial facial palsy grade was compared to self-assessed or patient record stated palsy outcome.

Pediatric sialendoscopy: An 11-year study from a single tertiary care center.

Objectives: To evaluate the suitability, benefits, and limitations of sialendoscopy for pediatric patients.

Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of all pediatric sialendoscopy patients (aged 16 years or younger) in our tertiary care institution between September 2007 and October 2018. We characterized patient data, procedure-related factors, complications, and outcomes.

A 30-year follow-up study of patients with Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome shows an association to inflammatory bowel disease.

Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome (MRS) is often classified under the term orofacial granulomatosis (OFG). A part of OFG patients eventually develop Crohn's disease (CD), but the relationship between MRS and CD is unknown. To evaluate the long-term outcomes of MRS patients, with specific interest in bowel-related symptoms.

Intrafamily and Interfamilial Phenotype Variation and Immature Immunity in Patients With Netherton Syndrome and Finnish SPINK5 Founder Mutation.

Importance: Netherton syndrome (NS) is a rare and severe genodermatosis caused by SPINK5 mutations leading to the loss of lymphoepithelial Kazal-type-related inhibitor (LEKTI). Netherton syndrome is characterized by neonatal scaling erythroderma, a bamboolike hair defect, a substantial skin barrier defect, and a profound atopic diathesis. Netherton syndrome has been proposed to be a primary immunodeficiency syndrome because of the high frequency of infections.

Reconstruction of facial nerve after radical parotidectomy.

Conclusion: Most patients benefitted from immediate facial nerve grafting after radical parotidectomy. Even weak movement is valuable and can be augmented with secondary static operations. Post-operative radiotherapy does not seem to affect the final outcome of facial function.

[Residual states in 30 percent of adult patients with Bell's palsy. Early treatment with cortisone improves the healing process].

Bell's palsy is an acute unilateral weakness or paralysis of the face of unknown cause. The incidence of the disease is 30 individuals per 100,000 per year. It is a diagnosis of exclusion and other known causes for acute peripheral facial palsy must be ruled out.

Microbiologic findings in acute facial palsy in children.

Objective: Microbiologic causes of facial palsy in children were investigated.

Study Design: Prospective clinical study.

Setting: Tertiary referral center.

The effect of prednisolone on sequelae in Bell's palsy.

Objective: To study whether prednisolone reduces sequelae in Bell's palsy.

Design: Prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter trial with 12 months of follow-up.

Setting: Seventeen referral centers.

[Applications of botulin].

Among the ailments of the ocular region, the use of botulin has become established in the treatment of blepharospasm and hemifacial spasm in Finland. Botulin has also been used successfully after peripheral facial palsy to improve facial symmetry, reduce lachrymal flow, treat dribbling of saliva as well as spasmodic dysphonia of laryngeal muscles. It may be effective in dysphagia caused by tightness of the upper esophageal sphincter or in several dyshidroses.

Sunnybrook and House-Brackmann systems in 5397 facial gradings.

Objectives: To study the correlation between Sunnybrook and House-Brackmann facial grading systems at different time points during the course of peripheral facial palsy.

Study Design: Prospective multicenter trial.

Setting: Seventeen otorhinolaryngological centers.

Prednisolone in Bell's palsy related to treatment start and age.

Objective: To evaluate if treatment start and age are related to the outcome in Bell's palsy patients treated with prednisolone.

Study Design: Prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter trial.

Setting: Sixteen otorhinolaryngologic centers in Sweden and 1 in Finland.

The course of pain in Bell's palsy: treatment with prednisolone and valacyclovir.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of prednisolone and valacyclovir on ipsilateral pain around the ear and in the face or neck in Bell's palsy. The incidence and intensity of pain during the first 2 months of palsy and its prognostic value were also assessed.

Study Design: Prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter trial.

Prednisolone and valaciclovir in Bell's palsy: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicentre trial.

Background: Previous trials of corticosteroid or antiviral treatments for Bell's palsy have been underpowered or have had insufficient follow-up. The aim of this study was to compare the short-term and long-term effects of prednisolone and valaciclovir in the recovery of the affected facial nerve in a large number of patients.

Methods: In this randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicentre trial, patients aged 18 to 75 years who sought care directly or were referred from emergency departments or general practitioners within 72 h of onset of acute, unilateral, peripheral facial palsy, between May, 2001, and September, 2006, were assessed.

Human herpesvirus-6 and -7 DNA in cerebrospinal fluid of facial palsy patients.

Conclusions: Finding human herpesvirus (HHV)-7 and dual HHV-6A and -6B DNA in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of two facial palsy (FP) patients is intriguing but does not allow etiologic conclusions as such. HHV-6 or -7 DNA was revealed in 10% of the CSF samples tested from 70 immunocompetent adolescents and adults; a highly unusual result. How these findings are associated with the diseases they accompany remains to be defined.

Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome.

Objectives: To study characteristics of Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome (MRS) patients with facial palsy (FP) and differences in patients treated at the Departments of Otorhinolaryngology and Dermatology.

Methods: Clinical picture of MRS was studied from patient charts at two departments. Patients with FP received a questionnaire and were examined.

Search for Herpesviruses in cerebrospinal fluid of facial palsy patients by PCR.

Conclusions: Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) and varicella-zoster virus (VZV) DNA were not detected in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with acute idiopathic peripheral facial palsy (Bell's palsy). Our results indicate either the absence of these viruses or the presence of technical shortcomings. The role of human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) in this disorder and the significance of a positive HHV-6 DNA finding in the central nervous system need further investigation.

Sunnybrook and House-Brackmann Facial Grading Systems: intrarater repeatability and interrater agreement.

Objective: To assess repeatability and agreement of the House-Brackmann (H-B FGS) and the Sunnybrook (SFGS) Facial Grading Systems.

Study Design And Setting: Eight video-recorded facial palsy patients were graded in 2 sittings by 28 doctors. Repeatability and agreement for SFGS were measured by intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and coefficient of repeatability (CR), and for H-B FGS by agreement percentage and kappa coefficients.

Day-case tonsillectomy in children: parental attitudes and consultation rates.

Objective: In Europe, the day-case tonsillectomy rate in children is slowly increasing, but whether parents really want this rapid discharge of their child is questionable. The fear is that aftercare might fall solely on community care. The aim of this prospective study was to introduce pediatric day-case tonsillectomy to our hospital and to determine parents' attitudes to this procedure.