Effect of HER2/CEP17 ratio on survival in metastatic HER2-positive gastric cancer, multicenter study.

Aim: HER2-positive metastatic gastric cancer is still a highly fatal disease despite advances. We aimed to investigate the relationship between HER2/CEP17 ratio and survival in patients with HER2-positive metastatic gastric cancer.

Methods: A total of 99 patients from 8 different centers in Turkey were included in the study.

Evaluating Postoperative Outcomes and Investigating the Usefulness of EU-TIRADS Scoring in Managing Pediatric Thyroid Nodules Bethesda 3 and 4.

Objective: The aim was to assess postoperative outcomes in pediatric thyroid nodules with atypia of undetermined significance (AUS/FLUS) or suspicious for a follicular neoplasm (SFN) and their respective the European-Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (EU-TIRADS) scores.

Methods: Forty-four pediatric patients at a single center with thyroid nodules classified as AUS/FLUS or SFN from August 2019 to December 2022 were retrospectively reviewed. Data on demographics, thyroid function, nodule size, and ultrasonographic features were collected.

The Value of Prostate-Specific Antigen Density in Combination with Lesion Diameter for the Accuracy of Prostate Cancer Prediction in Prostate Imaging-Reporting and Data System 3 Prostate Lesions.

Introduction: The aim of the study was to investigate the value of prostate-specific antigen density (PSAD) and lesion diameter (LD) combination in prostate cancer (PCa) detection.

Methods: 181 patients who were detected to have prostate imaging-reporting and data system (PI-RADS) 3 lesions in mpMRI and underwent prostate biopsies were included in the study. Demographic, clinical, and pathological data of all patients were evaluated.

A rare lung tumor: Primary pulmonary synovial sarcoma.

Synovial sarcoma is one of the rare soft tissue sarcomas occurring in the periarticular region originating from synovia. Synovial sarcomas occur less frequently in the neck, tongue, larynx, mediastinum, heart, lung, abdominal wall, small intestine, mesentery, and retroperitoneum. Primary pulmonary synovial sarcoma is a poor pathological condition without extrapulmonary involvement.

Idiopathic granulomatous hypophysitis mimicking adenoma.

Hypophysitis is a rare disease of pituitary gland, which, although it is usually a primary lesion, can also occur secondary to systemic conditions. Granulomatous hypophysitis is an inflammatory disease condition which accounts for less than 1% of all cellular lesions and can mimic adenoma. A 32-year-old woman presented with weight gain, galactorrhea and blurred vision.

The effectiveness of the Milan system for risk stratification of salivary gland lesions: The 10-year cytohistopathological correlation results of salivary gland FNA cytology at a tertiary center.

Background: The Milan system reporting salivary gland cytopathology (MSRSGC) is a tiered classification scheme that is based on risk stratification. The aim of the current study was to assess the risk of malignancy (ROM) and risk of neoplasia (RON) in each of the diagnostic categories proposed by the MSRSGC.

Methods: A retrospective analysis and categorization according to the MSRSGC was made of salivary gland fine needle aspirations (FNA) performed from January 2007 to December 2017.

Gene expression and immunohistochemical analyses identify SOX2 as major risk factor for overall survival and relapse in Ewing sarcoma patients.

Background: Up to 30-40% of Ewing sarcoma (EwS) patients with non-metastatic disease develop local or metastatic relapse within a time span of 2-10 years. This is in part caused by the absence of prognostic biomarkers that can identify high-risk patients and thus assign them to risk-adapted monitoring and treatment regimens. Since cancer stemness has been associated with tumour relapse and poor patient outcomes, we investigated in the current study the prognostic potential SOX2 (sex determining region Y box 2) - a major transcription factor involved in development and stemness - which was previously described to contribute to the undifferentiated phenotype of EwS.

Systematic identification of cancer-specific MHC-binding peptides with RAVEN.

Immunotherapy can revolutionize anti-cancer therapy if specific targets are available. Immunogenic peptides encoded by cancer-specific genes (CSGs) may enable targeted immunotherapy, even of oligo-mutated cancers, which lack neo-antigens generated by protein-coding missense mutations. Here, we describe an algorithm and user-friendly software named RAVEN (Rich Analysis of Variable gene Expressions in Numerous tissues) that automatizes the systematic and fast identification of CSG-encoded peptides highly affine to Major Histocompatibility Complexes (MHC) starting from transcriptome data.

Robust diagnosis of Ewing sarcoma by immunohistochemical detection of super-enhancer-driven EWSR1-ETS targets.

Ewing sarcoma is an undifferentiated small-round-cell sarcoma. Although molecular detection of pathognomonic fusions such as enables definitive diagnosis, substantial confusion can arise if molecular diagnostics are unavailable. Diagnosis based on the conventional immunohistochemical marker CD99 is unreliable due to its abundant expression in morphological mimics.