Complete Response Evaluation of Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer to Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy Using Textural Features Obtained from T2 Weighted Imaging and ADC Maps.

Background: The prediction of pathological responses for locally advanced rectal cancer using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT) is a challenging task for radiologists, as residual tumor cells can be mistaken for fibrosis. Texture analysis of MR images has been proposed to understand the underlying pathology.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the responses of lesions to CRT in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer using the first-order textural features of MRI T2-weighted imaging (T2-WI) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps.

Stromal fibrosis: imaging features with diagnostic contribution of diffusion-weighted MRI.

Objective: To describe magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ultrasonography findings of breast stromal fibrosis (SF) and compare apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) stromal fibrosis values with breast cancer and normal parenchyma.

Methods: 45 patients (ages 22‒74) with histopathologically proven SF who underwent MRI were included in this study. Their MRI and ultrasonography features were examined and categorized.

Multimodality Imaging Findings of a Renal Aspergilloma.

Background: Renal aspergillosis is a rare infection that usually occurs in persons with a predisposition for this condition. Its differential diagnosis includes primary and metastatic renal malignancies, pyelonephritis and secondary abscess formation, granulomatous disorders, and renal infarction. We aim to stress the role of multimodality imaging and percutaneous biopsy in the diagnosis of this condition.

Role of diffusion weighted MRI in the differential diagnosis of endometrial cancer, polyp, hyperplasia, and physiological thickening.

Our purpose was to evaluate the role of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in the diagnosis of various common pathologies of the uterine cavity, by comparing them with contrast-enhanced MRI findings. One hundred sixty-four patients with lesions in endometrial cavity were included in the study. The patients were grouped in four (one malignant and three benign groups).

Role of diffusion-weighted MRI in the differential diagnosis of endometrioid and non-endometrioid cancer of the uterus.

Background Many publications have examined the relationship between apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values and tumor grade in endometrial cancer. Nevertheless, none were designed to evaluate according to the histopathological type of endometrioid and non-endometrioid tumors. Purpose To evaluate the role of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in the differential diagnosis of endometrioid and non-endometrioid cancer of the uterus, by comparing them with contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings.

Multimodality imaging in diagnosis and management of alveolar echinococcosis: an update.

Alveolar echinococcosis is a parasitic disease limited to the northern hemisphere. The disease occurs primarily in the liver and shows a profile mimicking slow-growing malignant tumors. Echinococcus multilocularis infection is fatal if left untreated.

Imaging Appearances of Paratesticular Fibrous Pseudotumor.

Background: In this paper the clinical and radiological features of three cases with paratesticular fibrous pseudotumor were presented after a retrospective analysis of medical archives of our hospital.

Case Report: Each of the three cases had unilateral, multiple nodular lesions with smooth borders accompanied by a hydrocele. On sonographic examination, the lesions showed echogenicity similar to, or slightly lower than, the testis, and the two large lesions had posterior acoustic shadowing.

Feasibility of 3-dimensional sampling perfection with application optimized contrast sequence in the evaluation of patients with hydrocephalus.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness and additive value of T2W 3-dimensional sampling perfection with application optimized contrast (3D-SPACE) with variant flip-angle mode in imaging of all types of hydrocephalus. Our secondary objective was to assess the reliability of 3D-SPACE sequence and correspondence of the results with phase-contrast magnetic resonance imaging (PC-MRI)-based data.

Materials And Methods: Forty-one patients with hydrocephalus have undergone 3-T MRI.

Strain ratio measurement of femoral cartilage by real-time elastosonography: preliminary results.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate strain ratio measurement of femoral cartilage using real-time elastosonography.

Methods: Twenty-five patients with femoral cartilage pathology on MRI (study group) were prospectively compared with 25 subjects with normal findings on MRI (control group) using real-time elastosonography. Strain ratio measurements of pathologic and normal cartilage were performed and compared, both within the study group and between the two groups.

Disseminated alveolar hydatid disease resembling a metastatic malignancy: a diagnostic challenge-a report of two cases.

Alveolar hydatid disease or alveolar echinococcosis is a disease of the parasite Echinococcus multilocularis that is potentially fatal if left untreated. It primarily involves the liver but can be disseminated to other organs like the lungs and the brain by hematogenous route. Multiorgan involvement and the aggressive appearance of lesions make alveolar hydatid disease easy to confuse with a metastatic malignancy.

Is coracoacromial arch angle a predisposing factor for rotator cuff tears?

Purpose: The aim of the present study was to investigate whether coracoacromial arch angle is a predisposing factor for rotator cuff tears.

Methods: Shoulder magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examinations of 40 patients having shoulder arthroscopy due to rotator cuff tears and 28 patients with normal MRI findings were evaluated retrospectively. Acromio-humeral distance, coraco-humeral distance, the angle between the longitudinal axis of the coracoacromial ligament and longitudinal axis of the acromion (coracoacromial arch angle), and thickness of the coracoacromial ligament were measured.

Evaluation of hydrocephalus and other cerebrospinal fluid disorders with MRI: An update.

MRI is not only beneficial in the diagnosis of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)-related diseases, but also aids in planning the management and post-surgery follow-up of the patients. With recent advances in MRI systems, there are many newly developed sequences and techniques that rapidly enable evaluation of CSF-related disorders with greater accuracy. For a better assessment of this group of disorders, radiologists should follow the developments closely and should be able to apply them when necessary.

Cam impingement of the posterior femoral condyle in unicompartmental knee arthroplasty.

Purpose: There has been much emphasis on the importance of cam impingement, which is a cause of pain and knee hyperflexion restriction in unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA). This study aimed to correlate cam impingement in the posterior femoral condyle with an α-angle showing the severity of the impingement.

Methods: The study groups consisted of 87 knees of 74 patients operated on with phase 3 medial Oxford UKA.