Determination of capsaicin at trace levels in different food, biological and environmental samples by quadruple isotope dilution-gas chromatography mass spectrometry after its preconcentration.

Despite the therapeutic properties of capsaicin for some diseases, it shows some side effects for human health. The goal of this study was to develop a precise and accurate analytical strategy for the trace determination of capsaicin in different food, biological and environmental samples including pepper, saliva and wastewater by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) after spraying-based fine droplet formation-liquid phase microextraction (SFDF-LPME) and quadruple isotope dilution (ID) method. Acetic anhydride was used as derivatizing agent, and the extraction method was used to enrich the analyte derivative to reach low detection limits.

A simple microwave-assisted synthesis of cobalt ferrite nanoparticles and its application for the determination of lead ions in rooibos (Aspalathus linearis) tea.

In this study, a magnetic sorbent assisted dispersive solid phase extraction (DSPE) method was used to preconcentrate lead ions from rooibos tea samples for determination by slotted quartz tube-flame atomic absorption spectrometry (SQT-FAAS). Cobalt ferrite magnetic nanoparticles (CoFeO MNPs) were synthesized by microwave assisted digestion. Limits of detection and quantification were calculated as 5.

Nickel hydroxide nanoflower-based dispersive solid-phase extraction of copper from water matrix.

In this work, a dispersive solid-phase extraction method based on Ni(OH) nanoflowers (Ni(OH)-NFs-DSPE) was developed to separate and preconcentrate copper ions from tap water samples for determination by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS). Ni(OH)-NFs was synthesized using a homogeneous precipitation technique and used as sorbent for copper preconcentration. X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy were used to characterize the synthesized sorbent.

Development and validation of dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction method for the determination of 15 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in 200 Antarctica samples by gas chromatography mass spectrometry.

Antarctica has seen an increase in scientific research and tourism, and anthropogenic activities such as incineration of waste products and fuel combustion for energy and transportation are potential contamination sources to the ecosystem. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are common products of incomplete combustion of organic compounds and could be among accumulating contaminants in Antarctica. Thus, this study sought to develop a sensitive dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction method for the determination of 15 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by gas chromatography mass spectrometry.

Removal of selected pesticides, alkylphenols, hormones and bisphenol A from domestic wastewater by electrooxidation process.

In this study, seven compounds of environmental and health concern were treated by electrooxidation to determine their removal efficiencies from domestic wastewater. A batch type lab-scale reactor was used for the treatment process, and the analytes studied included two obsolete pesticides, two alkylphenols, two hormones, and bisphenol A. Titanium oxide and graphite electrodes were used as anode and cathode, respectively.

Trace level determination of eleven nervous system-active pharmaceutical ingredients by switchable solvent-based liquid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry with matrix matching calibration strategy.

This study utilized switchable solvent liquid-phase microextraction (SS-LPME) to enrich eleven nervous system active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) from aqueous samples for their determination at trace levels by gas chromatography mass spectrometry. The analytes selected for the study included APIs utilized in antidepressant, antipsychotic, antiepileptic, and anti-dementia drugs. Parameters of the microextraction method including switchable solvent volume, concentration and volume of the trigger agent (sodium hydroxide), and sample agitation period were optimized univariately to boost extraction efficiency.

Surface modified iron magnetic nanoparticles assisted Fenton digestion and extraction method for cadmium determination.

This study presents a Fenton digestion method for milk samples based on UV irradiation for cadmium determination using flame atomic absorption spectrometry. The method was developed as an alternative to microwave digesters, using very basic apparatus and easy to acquire chemicals. Fenton digestion process was performed by the help of citric acid coated magnetic nanoparticles.

Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextraction Based Preconcentration of Selected Pesticides and Escitalopram Oxalate, Haloperidol, and Olanzapine from Wastewater Samples Prior to Determination by GC-MS.

Background: Determination of emerging pollutants including pharmaceuticals, pesticides, industrial chemicals and hormones in different environmental samples is very important for human health.

Objective: Experimental design enabled parameters to be evaluated for their effects onextraction output as well as their interactive effects.

Method: A multivariate experimental design was used to attain optimum conditions of a dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction method for preconcentration of pesticides and pharmaceuticals for determination by GC-MS.

Accurate Quantification of Nervous System Drugs in Aqueous Samples at Trace Levels by Binary Solvent Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextraction-Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry.

Pharmaceutical products are widely consumed globally and are commonly found in wastewaters as a result of constant excretion and disposal into sewers. The present study proposes an efficient binary solvent dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (BS-DLLME) method that was developed for preconcentration of 7 nervous system drug active compounds from aqueous media for their determination at trace levels by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The drug analytes included 3 antidepressants, 2 antipsychotics, 1 antiepileptic, and 1 antidementia.

Determination of copper in traditional coffee pot water samples by flame atomic absorption spectrometry and matrix matching calibration strategy after switchable solvent based liquid-phase microextraction.

Traditional copper coffee pots are widely used in these modern times and daily consumption of coffee brewed in overused/old pots increases the risk of copper ingestion. This study employed a green switchable solvent-based liquid-phase microextraction (SS-LPME) method to isolate and preconcentrate copper from water boiled in coffee pots. Copper was determined by a flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS) system coupled with a slotted quartz tube (SQT).

Experimental Design of Vortex Assisted Switchable Solvent Homogeneous Liquid-Liquid Microextraction for Simultaneous Determination of Four Pesticides in Wastewater.

Background: Pesticides are chemicals used mainly to protect plant crops in order to increase their production efficiency and quality.

Objective: Switchable-solvent homogeneous liquid-liquid microextraction was optimized using a Box-Behnken experimental design and validated on a gas chromatography mass spectrometry system for the determination of analytes.

Method: The significance of independent variables (switchable solvent volume, sodium hydroxide volume, and vortex period) and their interactions were evaluated by analysis of variance at 95% confidence limits (α = 0.

Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction based preconcentration of selected pesticides and escitalopram oxalate, haloperidol and olanzapine from wastewater samples prior to determination by GC-MS.

A multivariate experimental design was used to attain optimum conditions of a dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) method for preconcentration of pesticides and pharmaceuticals for determination by gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Experimental design enabled parameters to be evaluated for their effects on extraction output as well as their interactive effects. The optimum parameters suggested by the design model were 200 µL of chloroform, 1.

Development of a sensitive and accurate method for the simultaneous determination of selected insecticides and herbicide in tap water and wastewater samples using vortex-assisted switchable solvent-based liquid-phase microextraction prior to determination by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.

In this study, a switchable solvent-based liquid-phase microextraction method was developed to preconcentrate selected pesticides from tap water and wastewater matrices for determination by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. A thorough optimization process was performed for prominent extraction parameters such as switchable solvent amount, concentration/amount of sodium hydroxide, salt type and mixing period. Optimum parameters obtained at the end of the optimization process were applied to aqueous standard solutions to validate the method.

Combination of vortex assisted binary solvent microextraction and QuEChERS for the determination of prothiofos, oxadiargyl, and gamma-cyhalothrin in water and pineapple samples by gas chromatography mass spectrometry.

An accurate and sensitive dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction method based on binary solvents was used to enrich prothiofos, oxadiargyl, and gamma-cyhalothrin for quantification by GC-MS. The combination of two extraction solvents (binary mixture) resulted in higher extraction efficiencies compared to the single solvent extraction systems. Parameters of the binary extraction method where optimized to enhance the extraction output of the analytes.